Tire
wear
particles
(TWP)
are
a
major
source
of
microplastics
in
the
aquatic
environment
and
ecological
impacts
their
leachates
environmental
concern.
Among
marine
biota,
copepods
most
abundant
animals
ocean
main
link
between
primary
producers
higher
trophic
levels
food
webs.
In
this
study,
we
determined
acute
lethal
sublethal
effects
tire
particle
on
different
life
stages
cosmopolitanplanktonic
copepod
Acartia
tonsa.
Median
concentration
(LC50,
48
h)
ranged
from
0.4
to
0.6
g
L-1
depending
stages,
being
nauplii
copepodites
more
sensitive
than
adults.
The
median
effective
(EC50,
for
hatching
was
1
L-1,
indicating
relatively
low
sensitivity
leachates.
However,
metamorphosis
(from
nauplius
VI
copepodite
I)
notably
reduce
by
with
an
EC50
(48
0.23
absence
at
suggesting
endocrine
disruption.
Leachates
also
caused
significant
decrease
(10-22%)
body
length
after
exposure
TWP
(0.25
0.5
L-1).
We
tested
battery
enzymatic
biomarkers
A.
tonsa
adult
but
50
mg
did
not
cause
statistically
effect
measured
activities.
Our
results
show
that
can
negatively
impact
development,
metamorphosis,
survival
planktonic
copepods.
More
field
data
concentrations
TWPs
fate
persistence
leached
additives
is
needed
better
assessment
risk
pollution
Marine Environmental Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
207, P. 107080 - 107080
Published: March 10, 2025
Fluoxetine
(FLX),
one
of
the
most
widely
prescribed
selective
serotonin
reuptake
inhibitors,
is
frequently
detected
in
aquatic
environment.
In
this
study
we
assessed
ecotoxicological
effects
FLX
on
early
life-stages
sea
urchin
Paracentrotus
lividus,
a
key
species
Mediterranean
Sea.
Fertilization
rate,
developmental
anomalies
and
behavioural
alterations
were
evaluated
up
to
72
h
by
exposing
gametes,
zygotes,
embryos
(gastrula)
environmental
(0.001,
0.01
mg/L)
high
concentrations
(0.1,
1,
10
mg/L).
Further,
different
types
frequency
morphological
at
larval
level
classified
estimate
Index
Contaminant
Impact
(ICI)
relevant
concentrations.
The
ICI
was
applied
predict
which
may
pose
risk
urchins.
Although
did
not
affect
fertilization,
significant
skeletal
found
plutei
from
each
exposed
stage.
Based
EC50
values,
sensitivity
ranks
as
follows:
zygote
>
gastrula
sperm.
values
indicated
moderate
impacts
only
However,
slight
impact
also
exposure
concentrations,
highlighting
potential
for
development.
Considering
increasing
consumption,
suggest
include
PC
monitoring
plans,
exceed
levels
that
impair
severely
stages
echinoderms.
addition,
our
findings
promote
use
novel
tool
assessment.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
979, P. 179479 - 179479
Published: April 25, 2025
Climate
change-
driven
marine
heatwaves
are
major
risk
for
organisms
already
facing
other
anthropogenic
hazards,
such
as
chemical
contamination
in
coastal
areas.
In
this
study
we
analyzed
the
impacts
of
and
phthalic
acid
esters
(PAEs)
pollution
single
combined
stressors
on
development
sea
urchin
Arbacia
lixula.
We
tested
whether
temperature
suggested
optimal
(24
°C)
thermophilus
species
would
enhance
tolerance
to
PAEs
compared
that
showed
under
ambient
(18
°C).
Embryo-larval
bioassays
were
conducted
exposures
two
temperatures
(control:
18
°C,
heatwave
condition:
24
ten
concentrations
0
mg
L-1;
treated:
range
0.1-50
L-1)
all
combinations.
Ecotoxicological
responses
investigated
at
three
functional
levels:
i)
exposure-response
relationships,
finding
exposure
increased
PAEs-
induced
toxicity
mortality
rates
with
an
EC50
lower
by
76
%;
ii)
morphological,
abnormality
stunted
skeleton
growth;
iii)
biochemical,
showing
was
main
driver
modulation
activity
stress
response
enzymes
(alkaline
phosphatase,
esterase
peroxidase).
show
conditions
negatively
impacted
embryos
decreased
their
PAEs.
Our
results
indicate
°C
is
not
A.
lixula
from
southwestern
Mediterranean
highlight
assays
based
just
one
biological
level
or
stressor
can
be
misleading
deduce
health
risks
thermal
optimum,
indicating
need
more
integrative
approaches.
Environmental Pollution,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
355, P. 124233 - 124233
Published: May 25, 2024
The
impact
of
leachates
from
micronized
beached
plastics
the
Mediterranean
Sea
and
Atlantic
Ocean
on
coastal
marine
ecosystems
was
investigated
by
using
a
multidisciplinary
approach.
Chemical
analysis
ecotoxicological
tests
phylogenetically
distant
species
were
performed
following
plastic
categories:
bottles,
pellets,
hard
(HP)
containers,
fishing
nets
(FN)
rapido
trawling
rubber
(RTR).
bacteria
Alivibrio
fischeri,
nauplii
crustaceans
Amphibalanus
amphitrite
Acartia
tonsa,
rotifer
Brachionus
plicatilis,
embryos
sea
urchin
Paracentrotus
lividus,
ephyrae
jellyfish
Aurelia
sp.
larvae
medaka
Oryzias
latipes
exposed
to
different
concentrations
evaluate
lethal
sub-lethal
effects.
Thirty-one
additives
identified
in
leachates;
benzophenone,
benzyl
butyl
phthalate
ethylparaben
present
all
leachates.
Ecotoxicity
varied
among
categories
areas,
being
RTR,
HP
FN
more
toxic
than
bottles
pellets
several
invertebrates.
results
based
13
endpoints
elaborated
within
quantitative
weight
evidence
(WOE)
model,
providing
synthetic
hazard
index
for
each
data
typology,
before
their
integrations
an
environmental
risk
index.
WOE
assigned
moderate
slight
organisms
collected
respectively,
Ocean.
No
found
pellet,
RTR.
These
findings
suggest
that
integrated
approach
large
set
bioassays
is
recommended
get
reliable
assessment
ecotoxicity
beached-plastic
In
addition,
leached
should
be
further
reduce
high
additive
types
could
ecosystem
health.
Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 26, 2024
Abstract
The
Persian
Gulf
is
a
semi-enclosed
sea
with
unique
ecological
conditions,
where
the
average
level
of
oil
pollution
exceeds
minimum
optimum
established
for
global
marine
environment.
Echinoderms
are
among
most
significant
phyla
in
this
ecosystem,
particularly
because
their
bottom-dwelling
lifestyle
exposes
them
more
to
sediment
pollution.
Numerous
biomarkers
can
effectively
indicate
adverse
effects
chemical
pollutants
This
study
investigated
responses
Catalase,
Glutathione
S-transferase
(GST),
and
Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase
(EROD)
enzymes
Echinometra
mathaei
specimens
collected
from
northern
Gulf.
Sampling
was
conducted
at
several
locations,
including
T-wharf
Khark,
north
Nai-Band,
Shirino,
Owli,
Shoghab
Beach
Bushehr.
Enzyme
levels
were
measured
during
both
cold
warm
seasons.
maximum
Catalase
activity
all
stations
seasons
recorded
Shirino
(1.95
µmol/min/mg
protein)
Bushehr
(0.98
protein),
respectively.
highest
lowest
Glutathione-S-Transferase
observed
Khark
(9.30
nmol/min/mg
Nai-Band
(6.63
Maximum
EROD
(0.04
while
found
(0.002
protein).
Overall,
no
differences
(P
>
0.05)
regarding
relationship
between
enzyme
activities
presence
Polycyclic
Aromatic
Hydrocarbons
(PAHs)
different
These
results
suggest
that
urchins
may
possess
distinct
immune
system
or
have
adapted
prevalent
area.
Tire
wear
particles
(TWP)
are
a
major
source
of
microplastics
in
the
aquatic
environment
and
ecological
impacts
their
leachates
environmental
concern.
Among
marine
biota,
copepods
most
abundant
animals
ocean
main
link
between
primary
producers
higher
trophic
levels
food
webs.
In
this
study,
we
determined
acute
lethal
sublethal
effects
tire
particle
on
different
life
stages
cosmopolitanplanktonic
copepod
Acartia
tonsa.
Median
concentration
(LC50,
48
h)
ranged
from
0.4
to
0.6
g
L-1
depending
stages,
being
nauplii
copepodites
more
sensitive
than
adults.
The
median
effective
(EC50,
for
hatching
was
1
L-1,
indicating
relatively
low
sensitivity
leachates.
However,
metamorphosis
(from
nauplius
VI
copepodite
I)
notably
reduce
by
with
an
EC50
(48
0.23
absence
at
suggesting
endocrine
disruption.
Leachates
also
caused
significant
decrease
(10-22%)
body
length
after
exposure
TWP
(0.25
0.5
L-1).
We
tested
battery
enzymatic
biomarkers
A.
tonsa
adult
but
50
mg
did
not
cause
statistically
effect
measured
activities.
Our
results
show
that
can
negatively
impact
development,
metamorphosis,
survival
planktonic
copepods.
More
field
data
concentrations
TWPs
fate
persistence
leached
additives
is
needed
better
assessment
risk
pollution
