Microglial Inflammatory Responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection: A Comprehensive Review

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44(1)

Published: Dec. 15, 2023

Language: Английский

---

CFTR Modulation Reduces SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells

Cells, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 1347 - 1347

Published: April 15, 2022

People with cystic fibrosis should be considered at increased risk of developing severe symptoms COVID-19. Strikingly, a broad array evidence shows reduced spread SARS-CoV-2 in these subjects, suggesting potential role for CFTR the regulation infection/replication. Here, we analyzed replication wild-type and CFTR-modified human bronchial epithelial cell lines primary cells to investigate infection people fibrosis. Both immortalized expressing wt or F508del-CFTR along CRISPR/Cas9 CFTR-ablated clones were infected samples harvested before from 24 72 h post-infection. function was also inhibited wt-CFTR CFTR-specific inhibitor IOWH-032 partially restored combination modulators (VX-661+VX-445). Viral load evaluated by real-time RT-PCR both supernatant extracts, ACE-2 expression western blotting flow cytometry. compared lines. No major difference detected between cells, while higher detectable Furthermore, inhibition channel elicited significant viral wt-CFTR, correction release particles. Our study provides that expression/function is involved replication, thus providing novel insights into development therapeutic strategies

Language: Английский

---

Inflammation and the oral and gut microbiota with COVID-19

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 207 - 218

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Pre-pandemic cross-reactive antibody and cellular responses against SARS-CoV-2 among female sex workers in Dakar, Senegal

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Background The COVID-19 pandemic had a severe impact globally, yet African populations exhibited unexpectedly lower rates of disease and mortality. We investigated the potential role pre-existing immunity in shaping epidemiology Africa. Methods Plasma collected from Senegalese female sex workers prior to was screened for SARS-CoV-2 human coronavirus (hCoV) antibodies by virion immunoblots. For antibody-reactive plasma, paired peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated fusion proteins IFN- γ cellular responses assessed via ELISPOT. Results observed substantial levels cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2, stemming exposure seasonal hCoVs. Our antibody analysis revealed 23.5% (47/200) seroprevalence rate against nucleocapsid (N). These samples then probed hCoV spike (S) and/or N antigens; 85.1% (40/47), 70.2% (33/47), 95.7% (45/47) reactive hCoV-229E, hCoV-OC43, or hCoV-HKU1, respectively. also demonstrated cross-reactivity with 80.0% (36/45) 82.2% (37/45) showing S N, A unique pre-pandemic subject detectable neutralization responses. Conclusion findings suggest that may induce adaptive immunity, potentially contributing protection COVID-19. study provides data on dynamics Senegal underscores importance understanding outcomes globally.

Language: Английский

---

Predictive Factors for COVID-19 Severity in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis: Real-World Data from the Romanian Registry of Rheumatic Diseases

Medicina, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(3), P. 411 - 411

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Background and Objectives: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) posed unique challenges worldwide, underscoring important gaps in healthcare preparedness for patients receiving immunosuppressive therapies, such as the individuals with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), a subgroup of (SpA) characterized by chronic inflammation immune dysregulation. While global registry data exist SpA, specific on axSpA alone remain scarce, especially Central Eastern European populations. This study aims to identify predictive factors severe COVID-19 outcomes provide descriptive analysis infected acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), using real-world from Romanian Registry Rheumatic Diseases (RRBR). Materials Methods: is three-year retrospective observational cohort that included 5.786 RRBR, whom 183 (3.16%) were diagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Data analyzed R V4.4.1 performing univariate multivariate binary logistic regression estimate associations odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), p-values. A backward selection algorithm was applied create final model, accounting multicollinearity through variance inflation (VIFs). Results: The mean age 48.19 ± 12.26 years, male predominance (64.5%). Serious (encompassing moderate critical cases) occurred 46 cases, ≥ 52.5 years (OR 2.64, CI: 1.28–5.48, p = 0.009) arterial hypertension 2.57, 1.29–5.16, 0.007) identified significant predictors. Individuals advanced education levels had nearly three times lower experiencing serious 0.38, 0.18–0.76, 0.008). Furthermore, our findings confirm lack association between HLA-B27 severity (p 0.194), contributing ongoing discussion regarding its potential immunological role. Moreover, irrespective biological therapy administered, likelihood not statistically 0.882). In only older higher deemed factors. Conclusions: highlights key predictors emphasizes protective role education, an underexplored determinant health inflammatory diseases. lessons learned during these last can shape more informed compassionate system.

Language: Английский

---

COVID-19 Clinical Features and Outcomes in Elderly Patients during Six Pandemic Waves

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(22), P. 6803 - 6803

Published: Nov. 17, 2022

Many elderly patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 are admitted to intensive care units. Age was previously identified as an independent risk factor for death contributed the greater severity of COVID-19. The may have diminished lung functions, poor reactions artificial ventilation, compromised immune systems. However, it is yet uncertain how each pandemic wave predominant strains contribute varying results patient groups such impacted. Comparing six waves, objective this study examine variation in case severity, symptomatology, ICU hospitalizations, mortality among SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals. followed a retrospective design, including 60 eligible older than 70 years groups, after matching them by number comorbidities gender. infection during first, third, fourth waves had significantly higher hospitalized patients. Confusion dyspnea at admission were significant factors (β = 1.92, respectively β 3.65). laboratory parameters decreased lymphocytes 2.11), elevated IL-6 1.96), procalcitonin 2.46) most factors. third considerably more (31.7% 26.7%) sixth (13.3%). Median stay percentage receiving oxygen support also differed across waves. rates between similar. average length hospitalization varied dramatically Although senior likely worse outcomes hospitalization, mitigated prevalence frailty elderly. that specifically evaluated did not reveal disproportionate variations terms mortality; however, wave, there Romania. It probable certain circulating infectious, resulting increase strain on healthcare systems, which might explain found our research.

Language: Английский

---

Immunosenescence is a therapeutic target for frailty in older adults: a narrative review

Annals of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(20), P. 1142 - 1142

Published: Oct. 1, 2022

Background and Objective: Aging refers to a progressive decrease in functional performance, leading increased mortality risk. At present, life expectancy is increasing worldwide expected exceed 80 years by 2040. However, this increase also indicates rise the incidence prevalence of diseases, such as cardiovascular, neurological, musculoskeletal, oncological which are associated with aging. The exact underlying mechanisms aging remain unknown, whether it programmed process or consequence an accumulation stress events remains unclear. Thus, more scientific research needed improve management complex frail patients. Methods: Several databases were searched following key words: immunosenescence, inflamm-aging, frailty, sarcopenia skeletal muscle, etc. Key Content Findings: Skeletal muscle core phenotype frailty sarcopenia. Immune decline interplay each other form vicious circle. Maintaining health beneficial for immune function delays onset frailty. Particularly, context ongoing corona virus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic, studies have shown that elderly prone consequences SARS-CoV-2 virus. It has been reported rates hospitalization 65–74, 75–84, ≥85 old group 5×, 8×, 10× greater than 18–29 group, corresponding COVID-19-related deaths being 60×, 140×, 330× younger reference respectively. Considering above, review aims discuss relationship between explore immunosenescence potential therapeutic target prevent extend healthspan, some emphasis on effects COVID-19 pandemic elderly. Conclusions: Immunosenescence promising worthy further investigation.

Language: Английский

---

Nanotechnology and COVID-19: Prevention, diagnosis, vaccine, and treatment strategies

Frontiers in Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

In December 2019, Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viruses, which affected the whole world, is emerged. The details on epidemiology, infection source, transmission mode, and prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 gave in this review. Universal control standards such as hand hygiene, environmental cleanliness, use personal protective equipment, quarantine used to prevent spread COVID-19 without vaccine. However, many vaccine candidate studies carried out globally with using traditional technological approaches. Innovations technology allow development nanotechnological tools formation systems that will inactivate patients. It expected include technologies combine different disciplines, especially robotic applications, antimicrobial nanotechnology, tissue engineering for future treatment COVID-19. This review-based work discusses relationship nanotechnology based working principles.

Language: Английский

---

SARS-CoV-2 S1 Subunit Booster Vaccination Elicits Robust Humoral Immune Responses in Aged Mice

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(3)

Published: May 10, 2023

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has raised concerns about reduced vaccine effectiveness and the increased risk infection, while repeated homologous booster shots are recommended for elderly immunocompromised individuals, they cannot completely protect against breakthrough infections. In our previous study, we assessed immunogenicity an adenovirus-based expressing SARS-CoV-2 S1 (Ad5.S1) in mice, which induced robust humoral cellular immune responses (E. Kim, F. J. Weisel, S. C. Balmert, M. Khan, et al., Eur J Immunol 51:1774-1784, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.202149167). this follow-up found that mice had high titers anti-S1 antibodies 1 year after vaccination, one dose nonadjuvanted rS1Beta (recombinant protein Beta [B.1.351]) subunit was effective at stimulating strong long-lived S1-specific inducing significantly neutralizing Wuhan, Beta, Delta strains, with 3.6- to 19.5-fold increases. Importantly, also elicited cross-reactive antibodies, resulting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) binding inhibition spikes SARS-CoV-2, including Omicron variants, persisting >28 weeks vaccination. Interestingly, levels were correlated not only level IgG but ACE2 inhibition. Our findings suggest candidate as a potential offer cross-neutralization broad important implications control newly emerging individuals primed vaccines like AZD1222 Ad26.COV2.S.

Language: Английский

---

Redox Dysregulation in Aging and COPD: Role of NOX Enzymes and Implications for Antioxidant Strategies

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(11), P. 1799 - 1799

Published: Nov. 11, 2021

With a rapidly growing elderly human population, the incidence of age-related lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continues to rise. It is widely believed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in ageing and disease, approaches antioxidant supplementation have been touted useful strategies mitigate progression, although success has very limited date. Involvement ROS largely attributed mitochondrial dysfunction impaired adaptive responses. NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes represent enzyme family generates regulated fashion for purposes oxidative host defense redox-based signalling, however, associations NOX with or date only minimally addressed. The present review will focus on our current understanding impact biology its consequences particularly COPD, also discuss implications altered future antioxidant-based aimed at treating these diseases.

Language: Английский

---