Security risks from climate change and environmental degradation: implications for sustainable land use transformation in the Global South

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 63, P. 101322 - 101322

Published: July 4, 2023

Climate change and environmental degradation remain the most complex challenges that present future generations of humankind face raise several security risks have received relatively little attention in literature. This paper aims to review evidence arising from these Global South provide forward-looking perspectives on how increase resilience affected individuals communities. We see diverse land use strategies as a key element drive transformation towards greater sustainability resilience. propose rural should be geared promotion resource biodiversity conservation, development agroforestry, tree-based farming systems, diversification crops, utilization climate-resilient cultivars, neglected under-utilized plants. These actions would contribute addressing stemming interconnected climate degradation.

Language: Английский

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Biofortification to avoid malnutrition in humans in a changing climate: Enhancing micronutrient bioavailability in seed, tuber, and storage roots

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Malnutrition results in enormous socio-economic costs to the individual, their community, and nation’s economy. The evidence suggests an overall negative impact of climate change on agricultural productivity nutritional quality food crops. Producing more with better quality, which is feasible, should be prioritized crop improvement programs. Biofortification refers developing micronutrient -dense cultivars through crossbreeding or genetic engineering. This review provides updates nutrient acquisition, transport, storage plant organs; cross-talk between macro- micronutrients transport signaling; profiling spatial temporal distribution; putative functionally characterized genes/single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated Fe, Zn, β-carotene; global efforts breed nutrient-dense crops map adoption such globally. article also includes overview bioavailability, bioaccessibility, bioactivity nutrients as well molecular basis absorption human. Over 400 minerals (Fe, Zn) provitamin A-rich have been released Global South. Approximately 4.6 million households currently cultivate Zn-rich rice wheat, while ~3 sub-Saharan Africa Latin America benefit from Fe-rich beans, 2.6 people Brazil eat cassava. Furthermore, profiles can improved engineering agronomically acceptable background. development “Golden Rice” dessert bananas subsequent transfer this trait into locally adapted are evident, no significant profile, except for incorporated. A greater understanding may lead diet therapy betterment human health.

Language: Английский

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Isolation and characterization of halotolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from mangrove region of Sundarbans, India for enhanced crop productivity

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 20, 2023

Halotolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial microorganisms utilized to mitigate the biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. The areas of Sundarban mangroves West Bengal, India have been reported be rich halotolerant microflora, yet major area remains unexplored. present study, therefore, aims map down region-specific native microbial community potent salt tolerance, (PGP) activity antagonistic against fungal pathogens. Bacterial samples were isolated from saline soil mangroves. A total 156 bacterial 20 screened for their tolerance potential. These isolates characterised using morphological, biochemical, molecular approaches. Based on 16s rRNA sequencing, they classified into 4 different genera, including Arthrobacter sp. (01 isolate), Pseudomonas plecoglossicida Kocuria rosea Bacillus (17 isolates). which possessed traits phosphate, zinc solubilization, indole acetic acid production, siderophore, ammonia generation selected. Further, effect two GN-5 JR-12 showed most prominent PGP activities was evaluated pea under high salinity conditions. improved survival by germination (36 43%) root-shoot weight comparison non-inoculated control In a subsequent dual culture confrontation experiment, both these halo-tolerant aggressive root rot disease-causing Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid NAIMCC-F-02902. identified could used as potential bioagents soils, with disease. However, further studies at physiological level would help delineate detail mechanistic understanding broad-spectrum defence pathogen.

Language: Английский

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Optimizing tomato seedling growth with indigenous mangrove bacterial inoculants and reduced NPK fertilization

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 14, 2024

The search for ecofriendly products to reduce crop dependence on synthetic chemical fertilizers presents a new challenge. present study aims isolate and select efficient native PGPB that can reliance NPK fertilizers. A total of 41 bacteria were isolated from the sediment roots mangrove trees ( Avicennia marina ) assessed their PGP traits under in vitro conditions. Of them, only two compatible strains Bacillus sp ecies selected be used individually mix promote tomato seedling growth. efficiency three inoculants applied soil was pot experiment at varying rates fertilization (0, 50, 100% NPK). set up completely randomized design with replications. Results showed different significantly increased almost all studied parameters. However, effectiveness is strongly linked rate fertilization. Applying bacterial inoculant 50% plant height (44-51%), digital biomass (60-86%), leaf area (77-87%), greenness average (29-36%), normalized difference vegetation index (29%), shoot dry weight (82-92%) root (160-205%) compared control plants. Concerning photosynthetic activity, this treatment positive impact concentrations chlorophyll (25-31%), b (34-39%), carotenoid (45-49%). Interestingly, these increases ensured highest values similar or higher than those plants given NPK. Furthermore, accumulation N, P, K, Cu, Fe, Zn, Ca shoots recorded inoculated It proven first time derived species A. positively affects quality seedlings while reducing

Language: Английский

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Zinc-Solubilizing Microorganisms: Contributions in Nutrient Availability and Implications for Crop Productivity in Sustainable Agriculture

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Conventional intensive agricultural practices are currently used to make nutrition available for the ever-increasing global inhabitants. Among various micronutrients, zinc (Zn) performs several essential functions in plants' life cycle. Therefore, approaches enhance Zn content cereal grains required reduce negative effects of deficiency on plants and humans. Currently, soil- or rhizosphere-dwelling microorganisms have been characterized that employ different mechanisms availability plants. Some zinc-solubilizing (ZnSMs) also possess additional beneficial properties, including solubilization phosphorous potassium, production phytohormones as well siderophores. Application such ZnSMs bioinoculants has found soil fertility status, leading increases plant biomass crop production. applied microbial inoculants minimize conventional fertilizer use soils. In this chapter, current information characterization ZnSMs, employed solubilization, their contribution toward improvement yields discussed.

Language: Английский

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Endophytic and Rhizospheric Microorganisms: An Alternative for Sustainable, Organic, and Regenerative Bioinput Formulations for Modern Agriculture

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 813 - 813

Published: April 3, 2025

Large amounts of chemical fertilizers are still used to suppress pathogens and boost agricultural productivity food generation. However, their use can cause harmful environmental imbalance. Furthermore, plants typically absorb limited the nutrients provided by fertilizers. Recent studies recommending microbiota present in soil different formulations, considering that several microorganisms found nature association with a symbiotic, antagonistic, or synergistic way. This ecological alternative is positive because no undesirable significant alterations occur environment while stimulating plant nutrition development protection against damage caused control pathogens. Therefore, this review presents comprehensive discussion regarding endophytic rhizospheric interaction plants, including signaling bio-control processes concerning plant’s defense pathogenic spread. A about importance these bioinputs as microbial resource promotes sustainable methods aiming increase resilience system. In modern agriculture, manipulation through Rhizobium contributes reducing effects greenhouse gases managing nitrogen runoff decreasing nitrous oxide. Additionally, mycorrhizal fungi extend root systems, providing greater access water nutrients.

Language: Английский

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Biological Nano-Selenium for Eggplant Biofortification under Soil Nutrient Deficiency

Egyptian Journal of Soil Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 0(0), P. 0 - 0

Published: Feb. 21, 2023

OIL nutrient deficiency is a real challenge facing the crop production under sandy soils conditions.This has an increase concern all over world specially to produce biofortified crops for overcome many human health problems like malnutrition.The current study was carried out evaluate of eggplant enriched in selenium (Se) using biological nano-Se and its bulk form soil stress.In general, applied 30 ppm Se-fertilizer achieved studied attributes, whereas highest dose (40 ppm) may need higher doses without recoding toxicity on eggplants.Applied bionano Se recorded up 100% compared control content fruits, although this both fruit leaves were not toxic mean values fruits lower than seasons allowable diet.To develop full picture biofortification with Se, additional studies will be needed answer more open questions regarding producing safe healthy nutrition.

Language: Английский

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Seed biopriming with potential bioagents influences physiological processes and plant defense enzymes to ameliorate sheath blight induced yield loss in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 39(5)

Published: March 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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Orphan crops: A genetic treasure trove for hunting stress tolerance genes

Food and Energy Security, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(2)

Published: Dec. 13, 2022

Abstract Orphan crops, also known as minor smart foods, and superfoods, have attracted great attention recently because of their unique ability to grow in resource‐poor marginal lands, under harsh environmental conditions without any intensive agricultural care. These crops possess inherent tolerance against different abiotic stresses such drought, salinity, cold, heat. Recent advancements genomic resources high‐throughput phenotyping platforms provided opportunities explore the untapped potential orphan identify novel gene source(s) mechanism(s) for developing stress‐tolerant crops. Moreover, genomics‐assisted investigations into various physiological molecular could provide useful insights stress mechanisms these plants. Nevertheless, translating hidden power tolerant pools from major staple enhancing while maintaining yield is a challenging task. The contemporary tools genomics can be used unravel secret employ genes tailoring crop varieties ensure global food security era climate change.

Language: Английский

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Microbial Biofortification of Iron in Solanum tuberosum L. through Siderophore-Producing Rhizobacteria along with L-Tryptophan and Iron Sulphate Supply

Potato Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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