The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 695, P. 133793 - 133793
Published: Aug. 6, 2019
Language: Английский
Water Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 157, P. 365 - 371
Published: March 29, 2019
Language: Английский
Citations
307
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(16), P. 5655 - 5655
Published: Aug. 5, 2020
Phthalates are a huge class of chemicals with wide spectrum industrial uses, from the manufacture plastics to food contact applications, children’s toys, and medical devices. People animals can be exposed through different routes (i.e., ingestion, inhalation, dermal, or iatrogenic exposure), as these compounds easily released water, food, soil, air, making them ubiquitous environmental contaminants. In last decades, phthalates their metabolites have proven concern, particularly in products for pregnant women children. Moreover, many authors reported high concentrations soft drinks, mineral waters, wine, oil, ready-to-eat meals, other products, possible consequence accumulation along production chain accidental release packaging materials. However, due physical chemical properties, do not same human impacts association several diseases is still under debate. this review we provide an overview phthalate toxicity, pointing out health legal issues related occurrence types beverage.
Language: Английский
Citations
291
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 1185 - 1185
Published: April 2, 2019
Environmental factors are recognized as risk of thyroid cancer in humans. Exposure to radiation, both from nuclear weapon or fallout medical and some organic inorganic chemical toxicants represent a worldwide public health issue for their proven carcinogenicity. Halogenated compounds, such organochlorines pesticides, able disrupt function. Polychlorinated biphenyls metabolites polybrominated diethyl ethers bind thyroid, transport proteins, replace thyroxin, function phthalates bisphenolates do, highly mimicking hormones. A better knowledge environmental risks represents very important tool prevention through true management. This approach is because the epigenetic origin’s theory cancer. Therefore, aim this review was study association between agents promotion.
Language: Английский
Citations
155
Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(7), P. e18140 - e18140
Published: July 1, 2023
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a growing public health concern worldwide. Consumption of foodstuffs is currently thought to be one the principal exposure routes EDCs. However, alternative ways human through inhalation and dermal contact. These compounds in food products such as canned food, bottled water, dairy products, fish, meat, egg, vegetables ubiquitous general population. Therefore, understanding EDCs' properties, origin, exposure, toxicological impact, legal aspects vital control their release environment food. The present paper provides an overview EDCs possible disrupting impact on endocrine system other organs.
Language: Английский
Citations
47
Green Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(10), P. 5635 - 5683
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
The global plasticizer market is projected to increase from $17 billion in 2022 $22.5 2027.
Language: Английский
Citations
32
Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 267, P. 115643 - 115643
Published: Sept. 18, 2020
Language: Английский
Citations
109
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 30(5), P. 822 - 844
Published: May 1, 2021
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed invasive among women both globally and within United States number one cause of cancer-related deaths (1, 2). Less than 1% breast cancers occur in men (2) and, therefore, male not included this report. an etiologically clinically heterogeneous disease. Many risk factors, primarily hormone related, have been identified these associations can vary by subtype. Survival has increased over past few decades, with introduction screening mammography improved treatments. However, progress seen equally all ethnicities/races or subtypes (e.g., triple negative).Breast accounts for 25% new cases globally, estimated 2,088,849 female occurring worldwide 2018 (46.3/100,000 women; refs. 1, 3). On basis available data, incidence rates are highest Australia, New Zealand, much Europe, North America, intermediate South America Eastern lowest majority Asia Africa (Fig. 1; ref. Within States, 30% diagnoses, 268,600 additional 62,930 situ documented 2019 (124.7/100,000 One eight will be during their lifetime (2). Diagnosis rare before age 40 years (probability <1%), after which increase until about 70 (median at diagnosis, 62 years), decreasing 2; 2, 4).In many westernized countries, including 3), 1980s 1990s due to changes reproductive patterns, therapy use, mammographic 5). Incidence then dropped early 2000s, particularly more 45 estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) tumors, following a decline use publication Women's Health Initiative findings declines 5–9). Since 2004, increasing slowly (0.3%/year), potentially obesity declining birth (4, Increases ER+ situ, decreases ER− tumors projected continue according forecasting models (9–11). continued stabilize multiple other countries Canada, Kingdom, France, Australia; 8). In contrast, rapidly historically lower areas Latin Africa, Asia) likely from life expectancy reductions infectious diseases, prevalence overweight obesity, 8).Breast common accounting 15% deaths, 626,700 cancer–related (13/100,000 Mortality (8.6/100,000 women) Fiji (36.9/100,000 Fig. 4; 3, 12). where dying 39 women, 41,760 die (12.7/100,000 5, between 1975 1989, decreased through 2017 because improvements detection treatment 3; 13). Similar trends observed Canada European 8), whereas mortality Asia, 8).In 5-year relative survival 91%, 10 15 years, 84% 80%, respectively, stages combined (5). The rate 99% when tumor local stage, 86% regional 17% metastatic stage subtype shown 5. time (74.8% vs. 91.3% 2015), earlier treatments, such as targeted therapies 13–16).Breast disease considerable genetic clinical heterogeneity (17). cancers, adenocarcinomas, often classified invasiveness (i.e., invasive), morphology, expression IHC markers, recently panels. turn, features associated differing responsiveness prognosis (18). confined ducts lobules (17, 19). Ductal carcinoma (DCIS) lobular (LCIS), while considered factors cancer, LCIS lesion capable becoming malignant (19, 20). etiology natural history well known.Invasive histology, guide treatment, into ductal (70%–80% cancers), (5%–15% less types, papillary staining ER, progesterone receptor (PR), HER2 guides therapies. tests, gene array profiling used 21–23). Several main intrinsic molecular using microarrays: luminal A, B, HER2-enriched, basal-like, normal-like 24–26). Further classifications triple-negative Claudin-low six (27, 28). panels PAM50) developed expensive options similar ability classify 29, 30). 2013, St. Gallen consensus agreed on surrogate definitions that could approximated PR, HER2, grade proliferation (Table 31), although several studies noted agreement may low (18, 32).Prior 40, U.S. Black rates, which, White American Indian/Alaska Native 74. Asian/Pacific Islander 45, they rates. ages, followed 68.2/100,000 Blacks 46.5/100,000 Whites ages 60–64 years). 60, point 30/100,000 33.2/100,000 years).While either declined remained stable since 2000s 33). 2016, age-standardized was 128.2 per 100,000 versus 132.7 (4). While lower, experience higher furthermore, gap widen even overall 2016 27.3 19.6 Compared also aggressive (ER−/PR−/HER2−) 6) those later barriers healthcare access (33–35). Furthermore, disparities still present (33). For example, ER+/HER2− (98.7% 100.0%) (82.2% 90.6%) suggesting racial play role Studies delayed inadequate surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, (33, 35–37).Having first-degree increases woman's developing 2- 3-fold (38, 39). Approximately 10%–15% thought hereditary, known pathogenic mutation only hereditary (40). It 5%–10% highly penetrant germ line mutation, BRCA1 BRCA2 genes (41). Those Ashkenazi heritage (vs. without heritage) BRCA1/2 founder mutations (2%–2.5% 0.1%–0.2%; 42–44). A found early-onset triple-negative/basal-like (45). Additional moderately Table 2. Other consistently include BRIP1, BARD1, NBN, NF1, RAD50 (46–51). hundred polymorphisms genome-wide association studies, cumulatively, currently explain 18% 2-fold familial RR (52).Breast influenced exposures course, early-life childhood adolescence affect adulthood. identified, some need elucidated well-conducted research 3. approximate magnitude each established presented 7. suggested 4).The relationship adiposity complex varies timing body size assessment course. Greater birthweight modestly adulthood (53, 54). mass index (BMI), indicating greater adiposity, measured (18–30 years) (55–63). Premenopausal adult BMI inversely (61, 63–66), postmenopausal positively (63–66), never users (64, 67–69). menopausal status hypothesized differences levels its primary sources ovary adipose tissue). large Mendelian randomization study data two consortia, polygenic score (PRS) regardless status, PRS reflect (70). Larger central waist circumference waist-to-hip ratio) possibly premenopausal limited adjustment (63, 71). Adult weight gain 72, 73).Other nonmodifiable anthropometrics risk, taller height (66, 74, 75) larger lengths 76). Having dense breasts, assessed radiologically digital mammogram), substantially (77–79). reason, 38 states require density notifications mammogram, language state there general contextualize individual (80). March 2019, FDA proposed rule extend mammograms Associations consistent bone mineral density. Early case–control risk; however, recent meta-analyses prospective do see significant (81, 82).The established. Younger menarche (83) older menopause reflecting ovulatory cycles exposure. Parous initially delivery compared nulliparous peaks 5 remains elevated approximately 20 years. Overall, parity long term, further reduced subsequent (84, 85). does appear ER (68, 86, 87). addition, younger woman her first child (88) longer durations breastfeeding (84) reduce independent parity.Sex hormones integral supported laboratory epidemiologic evidence BMI), selective modulators tamoxifen) prevent (89, 90). Higher circulating estrogens (91–93), androgens prolactin (94), risk. Estrogen metabolites (95–97), limited. anti-Mullerian (AMH), premenopausally, (98), it strongly directly related menopause. sex binding globulin (SHBG) decrease (91, 92, 99). Progesterone (91), challenges characterizing long-term levels, examined finding no (100). Circulating concentrations insulin-like growth factor-1 (101), (102).Other biomarkers etiology. examining insulin c-peptide, byproduct insulin, (103–107). Potentially, chronic inflammation indicated c-reactive protein (108–110). There suggestive leptin adiponectin (111, 112). melatonin affected light night shift work, relatively inconsistent perhaps sample collection timing, showing inverse null metabolite, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s), urine (113, 114).Use oral contraceptives up stopping current (115–117). contraceptive occurs low, impact population minimal. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices, suggestively (118). forms hormonal studied.The evaluated observational randomized trials (119). Combined progestin strongest current/recent longest Long duration modest major trial did observe estrogen-only menopause) played (119, 120). Relatively doses, formulations, changing patterns.There interest diet factor ecologic fat mortality. Dietary had controversy; indicate total (121–126). carbohydrate intake (127), glycemic index/load (127, 128), soluble fiber (129–131).Assessments specific foods processed meats (132–136) low-fat dairy (136–138) fruit vegetable (139–141). Coffee tea inconsistent, but subgroups (142–146). nutrients potential factors. Nutrients calcium (147–149), vitamin D (150–153), carotenoids, β-carotene (154–157). heme-iron plasma iron (158). (159), B vitamins (160, 161), C (159, 162, 163), E folate (164–168), selenium (169, 170), phytoestrogens (171, 172), isoflavones (173–176). multivitamins (177). Alcohol dietary conferring moderate (178–183).As eaten isolation interactions alcohol), examination patterns important. Some "prudent," "Western," Mediterranean, (184–188). Apart Mediterranean pattern, olive oil, (189), weakly associated, substantial confounding lifestyle factors.Although environmental evaluated, linking them leading controversy. Obtaining valid exposure measures susceptible periods continues challenge. Exposure secondhand smoke (190–193). Others, air pollution (194, 195), electromagnetic fields (196–198), organochlorines Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane/Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDT/DDE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); 199–202), acrylamides food (203), inconsistent. Nonmedical radiation atomic bombs) exposed (204, 205).Higher physical activity linked 206–210) sedentary behavior inactivity 211, 212). Smoking become quite if initiated prior pregnancy (182, 190, 213, 214). hair dye relaxers particular (215, 216). work mechanism unclear (217–221). Sleeping unlikely (220, 222, 223). Stressful events stress stressful varied widely (224).The medications antibiotics; 225, antidepressants; 226, aspirin/NSAIDs; 227–229, bisphosphonates; 230–232, infertility drugs; 233, 234, statins; 235)) null, ascertainment biases. Diethylstilbestrol (DES) who took drug (236–240), daughters utero consistent, positive (76, 239, 241–244). abortion reported (245–248). Prior conditions, proliferative benign (249, 250) (251–260), cancer. Obesity-related disorders, diabetes (261–265) metabolic syndrome (266), generally Migraine headaches (267, 268). Finally, ionizing medical reasons lymphoma) doses puberty bombs 205, 269).Additional 3 very insufficient chemical biologic agents polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; 270, parabens; 271, bisphenol A; 272, 273, phthalates; 274–276, perfluorocarbons; 277–279, human papillomavirus; 280, Epstein–Barr virus; 281, size; 282, blood pressure; 283–287, underwire bras; 288, 289, implants; 290, cellphone use; 291, deodorant/antiperspirant 292–294, trauma breast; 295, 296).Multiple prediction predict future [e.g., Gail/Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (BCRAT), Surveillance Consortium (BCSC), Rosner-Colditz, Claus, BRCAPRO, Ovarian Analysis Disease Carrier Estimation Algorithm (BOADICEA), Tyrer-Cuzick/International Study (IBIS)], BRCA carrier BOADICEA, IBIS; 297, 298). increasingly being help decisions prevention frequency chemoprevention; 299–301). terms included, hormonal, environmental, pathologic high-risk mutations, (297, family assessment, level detail widely, ranging relatives breast, ovarian, pancreas, prostate onset type model suitable ovarian cancer; 298).The Gail, BCSC, IBIS validated external datasets (298, 302, 303). comparison IBIS) large, predominantly were well-calibrated (O/E range, 0.78–0.97), discrimination (AUC 0.61–0.64; 304). Expansion and/or imaging features, PRSs, endogenous hormones, epigenetics, metabolomics), development validation across race/ethnicity ongoing, lead improvement (305–316).Modifiable maintaining healthy weight, participating regular activity, moderating avoiding alcohol intake, minimizing (317). Women adhered Society guidelines 22% adherence (318). eating fruits vegetables; 319) possible, (320). African-American (317, 321), facilitating importantly (86, 322–324). programs avoidance smoking) adolescents young adults, pregnancy, important, important periods.For Clinical Oncology recommends tamoxifen raloxifene) aromatase inhibitors (exemestane anastrozole; 300). single threshold high defined, benefit endocrine following: diagnosis atypical hyperplasia LCIS, ≥3% (BCRAT) 10-year ≥5% (IBIS), ≥4 times 40–44 ≥2 45–69 Tamoxifen raloxifene, exemestane, anastrozole (300). Trials raloxifene 50% reduction 325–327) (328, 329). 10% eligible chemoprevention drugs (330), lack provider recommendations concerns side effects. future, better targeting benefit, newer modulators, low-dose topical mitigate issues (331–333).In electing undergo surgical (334). National Comprehensive Network (NCCN) prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy 35 completed childbearing mastectomy should discussed option (NCCN risk). Bilateral (335). Contralateral Prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy, removal ovaries (generally salpingectomy), reduces clear (336).Mammography modality States; organizations recommended range mammograms. average-risk Preventive Services Task Force Academy Family Physicians now recommend biennial 50–74 College Radiology NCCN annual starting (337–339). high-income 50–69 2-year interval (337, 340). 58%–74% least mammogram 2 (341). Mammographic identify earlier, treatable stages, thus 342, 343). whether occurred groups, exist false positives, (342, 344). Because difficulty defining estimating detection, estimates ranged 60% 1%–12% bias (342). advanced diagnoses (343), others additionally responsible treatments; Among 20% supplemental MRIs (337). sensitive breasts (345), alternative screenings proposed, frequent mammograms, ultrasound, MRI, tomosynthesis 3D mammography; 337, 345). underway intervals start WISDOM) ultrasound TMIST, DBTUST, ASTOUND; 346–349).While treatments mortality, next decades. To combat this, strategies needed. etiologic conducted, different ethnicities subtypes, ER−/basal-like fewer effective available. Underlying mechanisms examined, subtype, emerging technologies metabolomics proteomics) assess systemic heterogeneity. needed, addition imaging, genetics, hormones) youngest oldest ethnicities, ER−, perform well. efforts determine how successfully implement maintenance reduction) preventive strategies, periods, critical.Continued modalities specific) activities awareness, chemopreventives effect profiles uptake appropriate beneficial. improving equity care needed address existing disparities. time, regarding survivorship improve quality life.No disclosures reported.S.C. Houghton: Conceptualization, curation, visualization, writing–original draft, writing–review editing. S.E. Hankinson: supervision, editing.S.C. Houghton Research Service Award F32 CA224677 NCI. Hankinson R01 CA207369
Language: Английский
Citations
101
Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 185, P. 109427 - 109427
Published: March 22, 2020
Soil pollution from heavy metals poses a serious risk for environment and public health. Phytoremediation is an eco-friendly cheaper alternative compared to chemical-physical techniques. We carried out in vitro tests where three microorganisms Trichoderma harzianum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Wickerhamomyces anomalus were exposed eight different (one metal at time) order evaluate resistance, growth bioaccumulation capability each (Ni, Cd, Cu, V, Zn, As, Pb, Hg). Taking into account the natural characteristics of T. (resistance environmental stress, resistance pathogenic fungi, ability establish symbiotic relationships with superior green plants) good capacity Hg, Pb shown after tests, it was chosen as microorganism be used greenhouse tests. Controlled exposure performed greenhouse, Arundo donax mycorrhized harzianum 7 months two doses (L1 L2) mix, so assess whether association could improve plant A. donax. Heavy determined ICP-MS. The average percentage values L1 L2 were, respectively: Ni (31%, 26%); Cd (35%, 50%); Cu (30%, 35%); As (19%, 27%); (18%, 14%); Hg (42%, 45%); V (39%, Zn (23%, 9%). (27%, 38%); (44%, 42%); (36%, 29%); (17%, 23%); (37%, 54%); 60%); (16%, 20%); (14%, 7%). showed highest BAF (bioaccumulation factor) (0.50), (0.35), (0.27) (0.45) L2; (0.38), (0.42), (0.54) (0.60) L2. TF (translocation (0.28) (0.26) exposition respectively; (0.70), (0.56), (0.24), (0.18) L2, (0.30) L1. Our study contaminated soils metals, both harzianum. Furthermore, Hg) improved by symbiosis So, these results proved suitability phytoremediation processes.
Language: Английский
Citations
96
Toxics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 14 - 14
Published: Jan. 19, 2021
Endocrine disruptive chemicals (EDC) are known to alter thyroid function and have been associated with increased risk of certain cancers. The present study aims provide a comprehensive overview available studies on the association between EDC exposure cancer. Relevant were identified via literature search in National Library Medicine Institutes Health PubMed as well review reference lists all retrieved articles previously published relevant reviews. Overall, current suggests that congeners flame retardants, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phthalates pesticides may potentially be an However, future research is urgently needed evaluate different EDCs their potential carcinogenic effect gland humans most studied sporadically results not consistent.
Language: Английский
Citations
94
Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 204, P. 112247 - 112247
Published: Oct. 21, 2021
Language: Английский
Citations
74