Characterisation of Bioactive Compounds and In Vitro Anticancer and Anthelmintic Activities of Ilex khasiana, an Endangered Species of Holly From Mizoram, India DOI Creative Commons
Charles Lalnunfela, Pawi Bawitlung Lalthanpuii,

Hmar Tlawmte Lalremsanga

et al.

Scientifica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Ilex khasiana Purkay. is a critically endangered species of holly found only in Khasi Hills and Mizoram, Northeast India. Of its several medicinal uses the Mizo traditional systems, anticancer anthelmintic applications remain unexplored. A methanol extract (IKM) three fractions, namely, butanol (IKM‐B), diethyl ether (IKM‐D) hexane (IKM‐H) extracts were prepared from leaves. Cytotoxicity tests performed vitro on malignant human alveolar adenocarcinoma (A549) colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) cell lines using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction reaction. All exerted inhibitory efficacy order, IKM‐D > IKM‐B IKM IKM‐H. was most efficacious exhibiting half‐maximal concentration (IC 50 ) values 26.9, 64.04 28.61 μ g/mL against A549 cells, 22.77, 69.41 18.37 HCT116 cells at 24, 48 72 h, respectively. The bioactive extract, IKM‐D, used for further tests. It induced apoptosis as indicated by red fluorescence dead cells. apoptotic index determined 33.5, 55.18 57.62 32.47, 54.29 62.55 HCT166 corresponding concentrations 25, 100 g/mL. also caused significant clonogenicity repressing cancer proliferation, but μg/mL. Surviving fractions following treatment 52.16%, 47.56% 21.77% 52.56%, 48.12% 8.42% plant concentration‐dependent inhibition colony formation both lines. Anthelmintic activity demonstrated an intestinal cestode, Raillietina galli . Scanning electron microscopy revealed hallmark alterations body parts parasite. GC‐MS analysis showed that mainly composed phenol, 2,6‐di‐tert‐butylphenol. High‐performance thin‐layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprinting quantification presence β‐sitosterol amount 198.68 ng. two compounds predicted computational modelling to have high binding potentiality β‐tubulin, common target. findings established I. leaves contain principles effects produced cestode study advocates investigations into identification exact molecules, precise mode actions therapeutic tests, well need conservation rare holly.

Language: Английский

Lipid nanoparticles in colorectal cancer DOI
Sankha Bhattacharya, Bhupendra G. Prajapati

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 233 - 258

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Cancer stem cell, chromosomal instability, and cancer immunity DOI Creative Commons

Laxmi Kumari,

Saloni Munjal,

Reena Yadav

et al.

Exploration of Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 169 - 188

Published: April 2, 2024

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a unique population of tumor with cell-like properties. They believed to be involved in drug resistance, potential therapy failure, relapse after treatment, and ultimately reduced overall survival cancer patients. One the causal factors that may lead CSC formation is chromosomal instability (CIN), dynamic event leading numerical structural changes chromosomes. The CIN also proposed aid maintenance CSCs, contribute towards their heterogeneity, facilitate immune escape. However, role modulation system tumors remains contradictory. Studies have revealed it can both activation suppression system. Previous literature suggests CIN, immunity (3Cs), interact complement each other create pro-tumor environment. mechanisms underlying such an interaction poorly understood. So, this review article, attempt has been made understand nature between triad CSC, response some pathways governing same. Understanding above positive step complete cure for malignant diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Antiretroviral Drugs Impact Autophagy: Opportunities for Drug Repurposing DOI Creative Commons
Laura Cheney, John M. Barbaro,

Grace McDermott

et al.

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(7)

Published: July 2, 2024

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process in which intracellular macromolecules are degraded a lysosomal-dependent manner. It central to cellular energy homeostasis and quality control of components. A decline autophagic activity associated with aging, contributes the development various age-associated pathologies, including cancer. There ongoing need develop chemotherapeutic agents improve morbidity mortality for those diagnosed cancer, as well decrease cost cancer care. Autophagic programs altered cells support survival genetically metabolically unstable environments, making autophagy attractive target new chemotherapy. Antiretroviral drugs, have dramatically increased life- health spans people human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH), offered promise treatment One mechanism underlying antineoplastic effects antiretroviral drugs alteration cell that can potentiate death. could be repurposed into chemotherapy arsenal. more complete understanding impact on essential effective repurposing. This review summarizes our knowledge potential adjunctive agents, highlights gaps addressed reposition arsenal successfully.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Atomoxetine suppresses radioresistance in glioblastoma via circATIC/miR-520d-5p/Notch2-Hey1 axis DOI Creative Commons

Hyun Jeong Seok,

Jae Yeon Choi,

Dong Hyeon Lee

et al.

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Nov. 5, 2024

Resistance acquired after radiotherapy is directly related to the failure of various cancer treatments, including GBM. Because mechanism for overcoming radioresistance has not yet been clearly identified, development diagnostic and therapeutic markers treat necessary. Since increased expression stemness- EMT-related are reported be closely correlated with radioresistance, research underway develop new drugs targeting these factors. To an anticancer drug that overcomes a library already approved by FDA was used. After treating radioresistant GBM cells each drug, confirmed qRT-PCR, as result, Atomoxetine (ATX) selected. It radioresistance-induced cell migratory, invasive, sphere formation abilities, tumor growth using xenograft mouse model were suppressed upon ATX treatment. Using miRNA prediction tool, we discovered miR-520d-5p, which targets Notch2 Hey1, key factors in circATIC this miRNA, revealing its relationship ATX. We demonstrated regulation signaling between circATIC, Notch2, Hey1 luciferase reporter assay. In addition, results at cellular level clinically verified confirming correlation radiation, patient plasma qRT-PCR. showed potential treatment suppressing malignant phenotype regulating circATIC/miR-520d-5p/Notch2-Hey1 vitro vivo cells. This study revealed suppresses through pathway. These can overcome major challenge treatment, identified suggest possibility use diagnosis radioresistance.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Characterisation of Bioactive Compounds and In Vitro Anticancer and Anthelmintic Activities of Ilex khasiana, an Endangered Species of Holly From Mizoram, India DOI Creative Commons
Charles Lalnunfela, Pawi Bawitlung Lalthanpuii,

Hmar Tlawmte Lalremsanga

et al.

Scientifica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Ilex khasiana Purkay. is a critically endangered species of holly found only in Khasi Hills and Mizoram, Northeast India. Of its several medicinal uses the Mizo traditional systems, anticancer anthelmintic applications remain unexplored. A methanol extract (IKM) three fractions, namely, butanol (IKM‐B), diethyl ether (IKM‐D) hexane (IKM‐H) extracts were prepared from leaves. Cytotoxicity tests performed vitro on malignant human alveolar adenocarcinoma (A549) colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) cell lines using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction reaction. All exerted inhibitory efficacy order, IKM‐D > IKM‐B IKM IKM‐H. was most efficacious exhibiting half‐maximal concentration (IC 50 ) values 26.9, 64.04 28.61 μ g/mL against A549 cells, 22.77, 69.41 18.37 HCT116 cells at 24, 48 72 h, respectively. The bioactive extract, IKM‐D, used for further tests. It induced apoptosis as indicated by red fluorescence dead cells. apoptotic index determined 33.5, 55.18 57.62 32.47, 54.29 62.55 HCT166 corresponding concentrations 25, 100 g/mL. also caused significant clonogenicity repressing cancer proliferation, but μg/mL. Surviving fractions following treatment 52.16%, 47.56% 21.77% 52.56%, 48.12% 8.42% plant concentration‐dependent inhibition colony formation both lines. Anthelmintic activity demonstrated an intestinal cestode, Raillietina galli . Scanning electron microscopy revealed hallmark alterations body parts parasite. GC‐MS analysis showed that mainly composed phenol, 2,6‐di‐tert‐butylphenol. High‐performance thin‐layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprinting quantification presence β‐sitosterol amount 198.68 ng. two compounds predicted computational modelling to have high binding potentiality β‐tubulin, common target. findings established I. leaves contain principles effects produced cestode study advocates investigations into identification exact molecules, precise mode actions therapeutic tests, well need conservation rare holly.

Language: Английский

Citations

1