Climate Change 2022 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability

Published: June 22, 2023

The Working Group II contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides a comprehensive assessment scientific literature relevant climate change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. report recognizes interactions climate, ecosystems biodiversity, human societies, integrates across natural, ecological, social economic sciences. It emphasizes how efforts in reducing greenhouse gas emissions can come together process called resilient development, which enables liveable future for biodiversity humankind. IPCC is leading body assessing science. reports are produced comprehensive, objective transparent ways, ensuring they reflect full range views literature. Novel elements include focused topical assessments, an atlas presenting observed impacts risks from global regional scales. Available as Open Access Cambridge Core.

Language: Английский

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Meat Consumption and Sustainability

Annual Review of Resource Economics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 17 - 41

Published: April 25, 2022

Meat has become a controversial topic in public debates, as it involves multiple sustainability dimensions. Here, we review global meat consumption trends and the various dimensions involved, including economic, social, environmental, health, animal welfare issues. much larger environmental climate footprints than plant-based foods can also be associated with negative health effects. Technological options help to increase of production, but changes are required well. At least high-income countries, where people consume lot on average, notable reductions will important. However, vegetarian lifestyles for all would not necessarily best option. Especially low-income nutritious available or affordable year-round. Also, livestock production is an important source income many poor households. More research needed how promote technological behavioral while managing trade-offs.

Language: Английский

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Hemp as a potential raw material toward a sustainable world: A review

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. e08753 - e08753

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Global warming as a result of climate change has become major concern for people all over the world. It recently drawn attention entire conscious community, with fear that if not addressed properly, it will in extinction numerous species around At same time, pose threat to human health, food security, living environment and standard living. Thereby, possible solutions are being explored accordingly; regulations have been imposed places binding green production practices, limiting emission CO2 emphasis is given on renewable resources along search alternatives carbon-positive materials. Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) received lot because its multipurpose usability, short cycle, low capital demand cultivation, possibility carbon-negative transformation easy carbon sequestering material. This paper reviews hemp very promising resource including potential uses paper, textiles, composites, biofuel, industry.

Language: Английский

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Uncovering the Research Gaps to Alleviate the Negative Impacts of Climate Change on Food Security: A Review

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 11, 2022

Climatic variability has been acquiring an extensive consideration due to its widespread ability impact food production and livelihoods. Climate change the potential intersperse global approaches in alleviating hunger undernutrition. It is hypothesized that climate shifts bring substantial negative impacts on systems, thereby intimidating security. Vast developments have made addressing change, undernourishment, for last few decades, partly increase productivity through augmented agricultural managements. However, growing population increased demand food, putting pressure systems. Moreover, are still unclear more obviously at regional scales. expected boost insecurity challenges areas already vulnerable change. Human-induced quality, quantity, potentiality dispense it equitably. Global capabilities ascertain security nutritional reasonableness facing expeditious biophysical conditions likely be main factors determining level of disease incidence. can apprehended all components (mainly access utilization) under indirect effect via pledged ménage, incomes, damages health. The corroboration supports dire need huge focused investments mitigation adaptation measures sustainable, climate-smart, eco-friendly, stress resilient In this paper, we discussed foremost pathways how our systems as well social, economic mastery unbiased distribution. Likewise, analyze research gaps biases about often responsible issues, not focusing fact magnified process. Provided critical threats security, focus needs shifted implementation oriented-agenda potentially cope with current challenges. Therefore, review seeks a unprejudiced view thus interpret fusion association between by imperatively scrutinizing factors.

Language: Английский

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The influence of climate change on food production and food safety

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 216, P. 114674 - 114674

Published: Oct. 30, 2022

Language: Английский

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Increases in extreme heat stress in domesticated livestock species during the twenty‐first century

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(22), P. 5762 - 5772

Published: Aug. 19, 2021

Anthropogenic climate change is expected to have major impacts on domesticated livestock, including increased heat stress in animals both intensive and extensive livestock systems. We estimate the changes number of extreme days per year for raised outdoors that can be animal species (cattle, sheep, goats, poultry, pigs) across globe during this century. used temperature humidity index as a proxy stress, calculated using relative data collated from an ensemble CMIP6 model output mid end proportions different may at risk under two contrasting greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Results are discussed relation suitability conditions current find by century, projected increase all many parts tropics some temperate zones, become climatically more widespread, compared 2000. Although adaptation options exist production systems, increasing pervasiveness future will seriously challenge viability outdoor keeping, particularly lower latitudes middle-income countries where costs challenging address.

Language: Английский

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Large-scale cultured meat production: Trends, challenges and promising biomanufacturing technologies

Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 280, P. 121274 - 121274

Published: Nov. 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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Carbon myopia: The urgent need for integrated social, economic and environmental action in the livestock sector

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(22), P. 5726 - 5761

Published: July 27, 2021

Abstract Livestock have long been integral to food production systems, often not by choice but need. While our knowledge of livestock greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions mitigation has evolved, the prevailing focus been—somewhat myopically—on technology applications associated with mitigation. Here, we (1) examine global distribution GHG emissions, (2) explore social, economic and environmental co‐benefits trade‐offs interventions (3) critique approaches for quantifying emissions. This review uncovered many insights. First, while from ruminant are greatest in low‐ middle‐income countries (LMIC; globally, 66% produced Latin America Caribbean, East southeast Asia south Asia), majority strategies designed developed countries. serious concern is heightened fact that 80% growth meat over next decade will occur LMIC. Second, few studies concurrently assess aspects Of 54 reviewed, only 16 had triple‐bottom line benefit medium–high potential. Third, efforts stimulate adoption allowing both reduction (ER) carbon sequestration (CS) would achieve net mitigation, CS measures greater potential co‐benefits. The scientific community must shift attention away myopic lens on carbon, towards more holistic, systems‐based, multi‐metric carefully consider raison d'être systems. Consequential life cycle assessments systems‐aligned ‘socio‐economic planetary boundaries’ offer useful starting points may uncover leverage cross‐scale emergent properties. derivation harmonized, globally reconciled sustainability metrics requires iterative dialogue between stakeholders at all levels. Greater emphasis simultaneous characterization multiple dimensions help avoid situations where progress made one area causes maladaptive outcomes other areas.

Language: Английский

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Severe climate change risks to food security and nutrition

Climate Risk Management, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 39, P. 100473 - 100473

Published: Dec. 30, 2022

This paper discusses severe risks to food security and nutrition that are linked ongoing projected climate change, particularly weather extremes in global warming, drought, flooding, precipitation. We specifically consider the impacts on populations vulnerable insecurity malnutrition due lower income, access nutritious food, or social discrimination. The defines climate-related "severe risk" context of nutrition, using a combination criteria, including magnitude likelihood adverse consequences, timing risk ability reduce risk. Severe change those which result, with high likelihood, pervasive persistent for millions people, have potential cascading effects beyond systems, against we limited prevent fully respond. uses internationally agreed definitions describe consequences. Moreover, assesses conditions under change-induced could become based findings literature different scenarios shared socioeconomic pathways. Finally, proposes adaptation options, institutional management governance actions, be taken now future human nutrition.

Language: Английский

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The “Vertigo” of the Food Sector within the Triangle of Climate Change, the Post-Pandemic World, and the Russian-Ukrainian War

Foods, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 721 - 721

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

Over the last few years, world has been facing dramatic changes due to a condensed period of multiple crises, including climate change, COVID-19 pandemic, and Russian–Ukrainian war. Although different, these consecutive crises share common characteristics (e.g., systemic shocks non-stationary nature) impacts disruption markets supply chains), questioning food safety, security, sustainability. The current article analyses effects noted in sector before proposing target mitigation measures address different challenges. goal is transform systems increase their resilience This can only be achieved if all relevant actors within chain governments, companies, distributors, farmers, etc.) play role by designing implementing interventions policies. In addition, transformation should proactive concerning circular (valorizing several bioresources under principles neutral economy blue bioeconomy), digital (based on Industry 4.0 applications), inclusive (ensuring that citizens are actively engaged). Food production modernization emerging technologies) developing shorter more domestic chains also critical achieving security.

Language: Английский

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