Landscape dynamics and diversification of the megadiverse South American freshwater fish fauna

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(2)

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

Landscape dynamics are widely thought to govern the tempo and mode of continental radiations, yet effects river network rearrangements on dispersal lineage diversification remain poorly understood. We integrated an unprecedented occurrence dataset 4,967 species with a newly compiled, time-calibrated phylogeny South American freshwater fishes—the most species-rich vertebrate fauna Earth—to track evolutionary processes associated hydrogeographic events over 100 Ma. Net was heterogeneous through time, across space, among clades. Five abrupt shifts in net rates occurred during Paleogene Miocene (between 30 7 Ma) association major landscape evolution events. accelerated from Recent (c. 20 0 Ma), Western Amazonia having highest situ diversification, which led it being important source dispersing other regions. All regional biotic interchanges were documented formation biogeographic corridors, including Early 23 16 uplift Serra do Mar da Mantiqueira Late 10 Northern Andes modern transcontinental Amazon River. The combination high extensive interchange yielded its extraordinary contemporary richness phylogenetic endemism. Our results support hypothesis that dynamics, shaped history drainage basin connections, strongly affected assembly basin-wide fish faunas.

Language: Английский

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Drainage divide migration and implications for climate and biodiversity

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. 177 - 192

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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The role of rivers in the origin and future of Amazonian biodiversity

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

The rich biodiversity of Amazonia is shaped geographically and ecologically by its rivers their cycles seasonal flooding. Anthropogenic effects, such as deforestation, infrastructure development extreme climatic events, threaten the ecological processes sustaining Amazonian ecosystems. In this Review, we explore coupled evolution associated with terrestrial seasonally flooded environments, integrating geological, climatic, genetic evidence. fluvial environments are highly heterogeneous, drainage system historically dynamic continually evolving; a result, discharge, sediment load strength barriers to biotic dispersal has changed through time. Ecological affinities taxa, rearrangements variations in riverine landscape caused past climate changes have mediated high diversity found modern-day Amazonia. connected history region's provides fundamental information for mitigating current future impacts. However, incomplete knowledge about species taxonomy, distributions, habitat use, interactions occurrence patterns limits our understanding. Partnerships Indigenous peoples local communities, who close ties land natural resources, key improving generation dissemination, enabling better impact assessments, monitoring management systems at risk from evolving pressures. features biodiverse range organisms habitats. This Review explores geological characteristics role shaping region.

Language: Английский

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River network rearrangements promote speciation in lowland Amazonian birds

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(14)

Published: April 8, 2022

Large Amazonian rivers impede dispersal for many species, but lowland river networks frequently rearrange, thereby altering the location and effectiveness of barriers through time. These rearrangements may promote biotic diversification by facilitating episodic allopatry secondary contact among populations. We sequenced genome-wide markers to evaluate histories divergence introgression in six avian species complexes. first tested assumption that are these taxa found even relatively small facilitate divergence. then whether diverged with gene flow recovered reticulate all including one potential case hybrid speciation. Our results support hypothesis speciation reveal rainforest micro-endemic, unrecognized, thus threatened imminent extinction. propose hyper-diversity originates partly from fine-scale barrier displacement processes—including dynamics—which allow populations differentiate disperse into contact.

Language: Английский

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Landscape Evolution as a Diversification Driver in Freshwater Fishes

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Jan. 11, 2022

The exceptional concentration of vertebrate diversity in continental freshwaters has been termed the “freshwater fish paradox,” with > 15,000 species representing more than 20% all compressed into tiny fractions Earth’s land surface area (<0.5%) or total aquatic habitat volume (<0.001%). This study asks if richness world’s river basins is explainable terms captures using topographic metrics as proxies. River Capture Hypothesis posits that drainage-network rearrangements have accelerated biotic diversification through their combined effects on dispersal, speciation, and extinction. Yet rates capture are poorly constrained at basin scale worldwide. Here we assess correlations between density (data for 14,953 obligate freshwater species) basin-wide landscape evolution 3,119 basins), including: topography (elevation, average relief, slope, drainage area) climate (average rainfall air temperature). We results context both static landscapes (e.g., species-area heterogeneity relationships) transient capture, tectonic activity, disequilibrium). also relax assumptions functional neutrality (tropical vs. extratropical, tectonically stable active terrains). found a disproportionate number large, lowland tropical South America, Africa, Southeast Asia, under predictable conditions large geographic area, climate, low high (i.e., rates). However, our show these only necessary, but not fully sufficient, to explain highest diversity. Basins located regions, places where predicted be most conducive formation over evolutionary timescales. Our consistent predictions several models, including Hypothesis, Mega Intermediate Rate support conclusions numerical modeling studies indicating transience mechanistic driver net riverine riparian organisms widespread distributions.

Language: Английский

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Phytodiversity is associated with habitat heterogeneity from Eurasia to the Hengduan Mountains

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 240(4), P. 1647 - 1658

Published: Aug. 28, 2023

The geographic distribution of plant diversity matches the gradient habitat heterogeneity from lowlands to mountain regions. However, little is known about how much this relationship conserved across scales. Using World Checklist Vascular Plants and high-resolution biodiversity maps developed by species models, we investigated associations between richness at scales Eurasia Hengduan Mountains (HDM) in China. Habitat explains seed Eurasia, but 41/97 HDM families even higher than expected fitted statistical relationships. A index combining growing degree days, site water balance, bedrock type performs better based on single variables explaining richness. In HDM, association stronger larger Our findings suggest that high environmental provides suitable conditions for diversification lineages HDM. Nevertheless, alone cannot fully explain especially western complementary mechanisms, such as complex geological history region, may have contributed shaping exceptional hotspot.

Language: Английский

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Freshwater fish diversity in the western Amazon basin shaped by Andean uplift since the Late Cretaceous

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(12), P. 2037 - 2044

Published: Oct. 19, 2023

South America is home to the highest freshwater fish biodiversity on Earth, and hotspot of species richness located in western Amazon basin. The location this enigmatic, as it inconsistent with pattern observed river systems across world increasing towards a river's mouth. Here we investigate role capture events caused by Andean mountain building repeated episodes flooding Amazonia shaping modern-day fishes America, particular. To end, combine reconstruction networks since 80 Ma mechanistic model simulating dispersal, allopatric speciation extinction over dynamic landscape rivers lakes. We show that consequent numerous small habitats be highly dynamic, leading high diversification rates exceptional richness. history marine incursions lakes, including Miocene Pebas mega-wetland system Amazonia, played secondary role.

Language: Английский

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Assembling the Pecos River fish fauna: barrier displacement on the Southern Great Plains, North America

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 20, 2025

Barrier displacement by river capture is an important mechanism for the assembly of freshwater fish faunas. The production increasingly comprehensive and rigorously dated phylogentic trees major clades fishes, along with improved resolution in historical geomorphology, provide unprecedented opportunity to develop thorough biogeographical scenarios faunal that synthesise existing knowledge detailed context future study. Pecos River southwestern North America a textbook example drainage formation provides straightforward case capture. Fishes ultimately confined middle section (Capitan area endemism) have their closest relatives Brazos, Colorado (Texas), Red rivers, which served as ancient dispersal corridors from Mississippi drainage. Capitan endemism developed association two dissolution basins that, Late Miocene, captured headwaters these rivers. In Pliocene or Early Pleistocene, endorheic was overflowed into tributary Río Grande, became lower River. nascent also harboured endemic-fish assemblage part nexus springfed rivers (ancestral Devils River, River) comprised endemism. Even after through-flowing linked areas endemism, many endemic species remained only within original giving composite fauna. Grande connection later allowed fishes dispersing Gulf Mexico coast, aided Pleistocene sea-level falls glacial outbursts, not populate but disperse up Incision valley uplift Sangre de Cristo Mountains empowered headwater streams adjacent South Canadian bringing additional fishes. More recently, humans introduced at least 50 drainage, while human impacts fragmented native Non-native versus status remains uncertain several (e.g. Miniellus stramineus) multiple lineages diverse origin may exist some widespread, polytypic like Cyprinella lutrensis Pimephales promelas. fauna anomaly explainable complex geomorphological history produced it. As such, it unique studies fish-assemblage evolutionary ecology. Also, its neighbouring drainages helps clarify biogeography (as here). Further broadening this synthesis could support large spatial scales, illustrating potential now exists reconstructing regional river-drainage

Language: Английский

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Landscape Evolution Drives Continental Diversification in Neotropical Freshwater Fishes of the Family Erythrinidae (Teleostei, Characiformes)

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 31, 2025

ABSTRACT Aim Evolutionary diversification and diversity patterns in Neotropical freshwater fishes can be predicted, part, by the effects of geomorphological settings landscape evolution. However, studies at a continental scale, focusing on specific taxa that reflect tight connection between their evolutionary history orogenic uplifts tectonically active Western margin watershed migration dynamics passive Eastern South America remain limited. Here, we investigated biogeographical chronological geographically widespread teleost family Erythrinidae (Characiformes, Erythrinoidea). Location Region. Time Period Late Cretaceous Cenozoic. Taxon (Characiformes). Methods We used phylogenomic parametric biogeographic methods. Our dataset based ultraconserved elements (UCEs) included 29 erythrinoid lineages 23 related taxa. Results The time calibration along with ancestral area estimation proposes superfamily Erythrinoidea originated ca . 80 Ma, divergence major clades during Palaeogene 51–31 Ma. diversified rapidly after formation transcontinental Amazon River 10 from 8 to least 28 putative species today. A majority erythrinid (78%) are members just three relatively young less than 13 Ma: Erythrinus , Hoplerythrinus Hoplias malabaricus group. present contrasting temporal cladogenetic events two margins: pulsed‐age distribution Margin as predicted discrete tectonic Northern Andean cordilleras, more continuous age westwards‐propagating migration. Main Conclusions Historical changes connectivity have influenced Erythrinidae, where Neogene cordilleras profoundly structured gradients fragmenting aquatic faunas cis‐ trans‐Andean basins well portions sub‐Andean Foreland basin, merging Amazonia onset River. Alternative scenarios also consistent available palaeontological, palaeogeographical palaeoenvironmental data.

Language: Английский

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A New Species of Cyphocharax Fowler (Teleostei: Curimatidae) from the Rio Xingu, Brazil

American Museum Novitates, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(4007)

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

A new species of the curimatid genus Cyphocharax is described from Rio Xingu, Amazon basin. This readily distinguished congeners by presence a dark, round blotch on caudal peduncle and high density iridophores ventrolateral portion body, resulting in strongly countershaded pattern. Molecular phylogenetic analyses support recognition suggest that it nested within Curimatella alburna clade. Ancestral state reconstruction suggests independent evolutionary origins blotched flanks among fishes.

Language: Английский

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