Escarpment evolution drives the diversification of the Madagascar flora

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 383(6683), P. 653 - 658

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Madagascar exhibits high endemic biodiversity that has evolved with sustained and stable rates of speciation over the past several tens millions years. The topography is dominated by a mountainous continental rift escarpment, highest plant diversity rarity found along steep, eastern side this geographic feature. Using process-explicit model, we show precipitation-driven erosion landward retreat high-relief creates transient habitat organization through multiple mechanisms, including catchment expansion, isolation highland remnants, formation topographic barriers. Habitat reconnection on million-year timescale serves as an allopatric pump creating observed biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Drainage divide migration and implications for climate and biodiversity

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. 177 - 192

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Fishes of the upper rio Paraná basin: diversity, biogeography and conservation

Neotropical Ichthyology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract The upper rio Paraná basin drains the most developed and environmentally degraded region in South America: Brazilian southeast. While it is one of well-known Neotropical fish assemblages, also threatened by anthropic activity. Urbanization, deforestation, dam construction, invasive species, water pollution not only reduce living area species but alter our perception its biotic elements. Such changes are so profound pervasive that raise uncertainties about native or non-native status several species. This paper aims to offer a detailed picture diversity historical biogeography fishes basin, which we hope will solid foundation for future conservation policies. We update list analyze geographical distributions, identify biogeographical patterns, emphasizing areas requiring recognition as distinct biotas efforts. Over past 15 years, more than 100 additional have been described recorded, expanding total 341 belonging six orders 30 families, making richest river Brazil outside Amazonian region. Unlike neotropical basins where Characidae dominates, loricariids make up nearly one-fourth Species clades concentrate central while endemics confined peripheral due complex history shared with neighboring basins. Eighteen regions identified, discussing their composition, histories, implications. has 10% fauna ranked endangered present 128 including three hybrids. places major drainage largest number taxa neotropics at same time numerous Existing protected deemed ineffective preserving diverse assemblages fail safeguard majority narrowly-endemic

Language: Английский

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Geodiversity in the Amazon drainage basin

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 382(2269)

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

The Amazon is the largest drainage basin on Earth and contains a wide variety of abiotic landscape features. In spite this, geodiversity in this has not yet been objectively evaluated. We address knowledge gap by combining meta-analysis an existing global map its components with systematic literature review, to identify key characteristics (ADB). also evaluate how these component maps, that are based geology, geomorphology, soils hydrology, could be refined better reflect basin. Our review shows geology—through lithological diversity geological structures—and hydrology—through hydrological processes influence geomorphology soil diversity—are main determinants geodiversity. Based features, ADB can subdivided into three principal regions: (i) Andean orogenic belt western Amazon, (ii) cratons eastern (iii) Solimões-Amazon river system. Additional methods geomorphological have identified. Future research should focus investigating relationship between assess their biodiversity. Such enhance conservation plans for ADB. This article part Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Geodiversity science society’.

Language: Английский

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Mobility of South America’s transcontinental drainage divide and shrinkage of the Paraná river basin linked to lithologic and geodynamic controls

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Abstract The South American Transcontinental Drainage Divide (TDD) is roughly oriented NE-SW from its Atlantic termination in SE Brazil to NW the limits between southwestern edges of Amazon Craton and Andean Foreland. Based on a weak spatial coincidence with 90 − 70 Ma igneous intrusions, origin stability TDD have been attributed intraplate magmatic activity. Using geomorphic analysis drainage divides, we infer an overall southward migration TDD, even areas constrained uplift associated intrusions. Most also main divide Paraná River Basin (PRB). Our PRB divides reveals wholesale basin shrinkage, consistent TDD. We that basalts Serra Geral Group induce topographic inversion PRB. Additionally, PRB’s thicker continental crust contributes higher elevation. Non-uniform dynamic subsidence rates since 50 likely lowered relief headwaters near enhanced across-divide asymmetry. Together, these internal external factors keep elevated, low relief, make it topographically vulnerable long-term area loss. These base-level controls explain position mobility

Language: Английский

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Integrating Historical biogeography and Pliocene climate fluctuation to Unraveling the evolution of Tigris-Euphrates drainage basin through widespread freshwater Barbinae (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

Inland Waters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 29

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Bretskyan hierarchy, multiscale allopatry, and geobiomes—on the nature of evolutionary things

Paleobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 50(2), P. 194 - 213

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract The process of evolution and the structures it produces are best understood in light hierarchy theory. biota traditionally is described by either genealogical Linnaean or economic hierarchies communities ecosystems. Here we describe Bretskyan hierarchy—a hybrid eco-genealogical that consists nested sets different-sized, usually polyphyletic interacting individuals separated from other such space time at multiple scales. elements have both properties functions—situated between, connecting of, (Vernadskyan) (Linnaean) hierarchy. lower tiers populated holobionts, composed lineages integrated functional interactions biotically fabricated structures, as membranes. At larger spatial longer scales, members a more diffuse nature, partially due to small size relatively short duration us observers longer-lasting here geobiomes. Their individuality externally forced directly tied temporal physical our planet. These sub-bioprovinces bioprovinces—large effectively isolated spatiotemporal internally coevolution individuated barriers. Gaia largest individual compartmentalized outer Earth long scales biotic plate tectonic mixing biota. existence barriers multilevel allopatry suggests geographic isolation takes part not only individuating species lineages, but also producing coherent complexes separate forming bioprovinces sizes, configurations, durations units geodynamics, demonstrating central role planet processes individuation merging geobiomes control coevolution, all its ramifications, allows integration previously unconnected themes—“egalitarian” major transitions (e.g., eukaryogenesis) some megatrajectories history life—into single theoretical framework scaling eco-genealogy. pervasive geodynamical direct connection geodynamics dynamics formulate conjectures on limits contingency competitiveness biotas evolution.

Language: Английский

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Accelerated body size evolution in upland environments is correlated with recent speciation in South American freshwater fishes

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Sept. 28, 2023

Speciation rates vary greatly among taxa and regions are shaped by both biotic abiotic factors. However, the relative importance interactions of these factors not well understood. Here we investigate potential drivers speciation in South American freshwater fishes, most diverse continental vertebrate fauna, examining roles multiple We integrate a dataset on species geographic distribution, phylogenetic, morphological, climatic, habitat data. find that Late Neogene-Quaternary events strongly associated with body-size evolution, particularly lineages small body sizes inhabit higher elevations near periphery. Conversely, effects temperature, area, diversity-dependence, often thought to facilitate speciation, negligible. By evaluating simultaneously, demonstrate characteristics elevation, as size correlate rapid fishes. Our study emphasizes integrative approaches consider interplay generating macroecological patterns diversity.

Language: Английский

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Meta‐analysis provides insights into the origin and evolution of East Asian evergreen broad‐leaved forests

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 242(5), P. 2369 - 2379

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Summary Evergreen broad‐leaved forests (EBLFs) are dominated by a monsoon climate and form distinct biome in East Asia with notably high biodiversity. However, the origin evolution of Asian EBLFs (EAEBLFs) remain elusive despite estimation divergence times for various representative lineages. Using 72 selected generic‐level characteristic lineages, we constructed an integrated lineage accumulation rate (LAR) curve based on their crown ages. According to crown‐based LAR, EAEBLF was identified at least as early Oligocene ( c. 31.8 million years ago (Ma)). The genera peaked 25.2 6.4 Ma, coinciding two intensification periods – Miocene Pliocene boundaries, respectively. Moreover, LAR highly correlated precipitation region negatively global temperature, revealed through time‐lag cross‐correlation analyses. An is suggested EAEBLFs, bridging gap between paleobotanical molecular dating studies solving conflicts among previous estimates individual strong correlation brought about emphasizes its irreplaceable role development EAEBLFs.

Language: Английский

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A Guided Tour of Phylogenetic Comparative Methods for Studying Trait Evolution

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 55(1), P. 181 - 204

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Phylogenetic comparative methods are important tools in biology, providing insights into the way traits evolve. There many technical resources describing how these work. Our aim here is to complement with an overview of types biological questions that can be addressed by different and outline potential pitfalls considerations when embarking on studies. First, we introduce what why they important. Second, used understand when, where, frequently Third, examine coevolution within between species studied, along patterns causality. Finally, discuss approach analyses ways which data, such as published relationships, omic, remote sensing integrated.

Language: Английский

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