The Integration of Artificial Intelligence into Clinical Practice

Applied Biosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 14 - 44

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The purpose of this literature review is to provide a fundamental synopsis current research pertaining artificial intelligence (AI) within the domain clinical practice. Artificial has revolutionized field medicine and healthcare by providing innovative solutions complex problems. One most important benefits AI in practice its ability investigate extensive volumes data with efficiency precision. This led development various applications that have improved patient outcomes reduced workload professionals. can support doctors making more accurate diagnoses developing personalized treatment plans. Successful examples are outlined for series medical specialties like cardiology, surgery, gastroenterology, pneumology, nephrology, urology, dermatology, orthopedics, neurology, gynecology, ophthalmology, pediatrics, hematology, critically ill patients, as well diagnostic methods. Special reference made legal ethical considerations accuracy, informed consent, privacy issues, security, regulatory framework, product liability, explainability, transparency. Finally, closes appraising use future perspectives. However, it also approach implementation cautiously ensure met.

Language: Английский

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Diagnostic and prognostic value of triglyceride glucose index: a comprehensive evaluation of meta-analysis

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

The present umbrella review aims to collate and summarize the findings from previous meta-analyses on Triglyceride Glucose (TyG) Index, providing insights clinicians, researchers, policymakers regarding usefulness of this biomarker in various clinical settings. A comprehensive search was conducted PubMed, Scopus, Web Science up April 14, 2024, without language restrictions. AMSTAR2 checklist assessed methodological quality included meta-analyses. Statistical analyses were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. total 32 studies finally included. results revealed significant associations between TyG index health outcomes. For kidney outcomes, a high significantly associated with an increased risk contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) (OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.82–2.77) chronic disease (CKD) (RR 1.46, 1.32–1.63). High type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 3.53, 2.74–4.54), gestational (GDM) 2.41, 1.48–3.91), diabetic retinopathy (DR) 2.34, 1.31–4.19). Regarding metabolic diseases, higher patients obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (SMD 0.86, 0.57–1.15), syndrome (MD 0.83, 0.74–0.93), non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) 2.36, 1.88–2.97) compared those these conditions. In cerebrovascular dementia 1.14, 1.12–1.16), cognitive impairment 2.31, 1.38–3.86), ischemic stroke 1.37, 1.22–1.54). cardiovascular showed heart failure (HF) (HR 1.21, 1.12–1.30), atrial fibrillation (AF) 1.22, 0.57–1.87), hypertension (HTN) 1.52, 1.25–1.85). is promising for screening predicting medical conditions, particularly related insulin resistance disorders. However, heterogeneity suggest need further high-quality research confirm refine utility index.

Language: Английский

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Plant biomarkers as early detection tools in stress management in food crops: a review

Planta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 259(3)

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Abstract Main conclusion Plant Biomarkers are objective indicators of a plant’s cellular state in response to abiotic and biotic stress factors. They can be explored crop breeding engineering produce stress-tolerant species. Global food production safely sustainably remains top priority feed the ever-growing human population, expected reach 10 billion by 2050. However, factors negatively impact systems, causing between 70 100% reduction yield. Understanding plant responses is critical for developing novel crops that adapt better various adverse environmental conditions. Using biomarkers as measurable external stimuli could serve early warning signals detect stresses before severe damage occurs. have received considerable attention last decade pre-stress economically important crops. This review discusses some associated with conditions highlights their importance stress-resilient In addition, we highlighted influencing expression plants under stress. The information presented this would educate researchers, breeders, agronomists on significance biology research, which essential improving growth yield toward sustainable production.

Language: Английский

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Sickle Cell Disease Update: New Treatments and Challenging Nutritional Interventions

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 258 - 258

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

Sickle cell disease (SCD), a distinctive and often overlooked illness in the 21st century, is congenital blood disorder characterized by considerable phenotypic diversity. It comprises group of disorders, with sickle anemia (SCA) being most prevalent serious genotype. Although there have been some systematic reviews global data, worldwide statistics regarding SCD prevalence, morbidity, mortality remain scarce. In developed countries lower number patients, cutting-edge technologies led to development new treatments. However, developing settings where (SCD) more prevalent, medical management, rather than cure, still relies on use hydroxyurea, transfusions, analgesics. This that affects red cells, consequently affecting organs diverse manners. We discuss its etiology advent technologies, but aim this study understand various types nutrition-related studies involving individuals suffering from SCD, particularly Africa. The interplay environment, food, gut microbiota, along their respective genomes collectively known as microbiome, host metabolism responsible for mediating metabolic phenotypes modulating microbiota. addition, it serves purpose providing essential nutrients. Moreover, engages direct interactions homeostasis immune system, well indirect via metabolites. Nutrition interventions nutritional care are mechanisms addressing increased nutrient expenditures important aspects supportive management patients SCD. Underprivileged areas Sub-Saharan Africa should be accompanied efforts define promote Their importance key maintaining well-being quality life, especially because products limited, while native medicinal plant resources acknowledged.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular Vesicles as Delivery Vehicles for Non-Coding RNAs: Potential Biomarkers for Chronic Liver Diseases

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 277 - 277

Published: Feb. 26, 2024

In recent years, EVs have emerged as promising vehicles for coding and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which demonstrated remarkable potential biomarkers various diseases, including chronic liver diseases (CLDs). are small, membrane-bound particles released by cells, carrying an arsenal of ncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), long (lncRNAs), other ncRNA species, such piRNAs, circRNAs, tsRNAs. These ncRNAs act key regulators gene expression, splicing, translation, providing a comprehensive molecular snapshot the cells origin. The non-invasive nature EV sampling, typically via blood or serum collection, makes them highly attractive candidates clinical biomarker applications. Moreover, EV-encapsulated offer unique advantages over traditional cell-free due to their enhanced stability within EVs, hence allowing detection in circulation extended periods enabling more sensitive reliable measurements. Numerous studies investigated EV-enclosed CLD. MiRNAs, particular, gained significant attention ability rapidly respond changes cellular stress inflammation, hallmarks CLD pathogenesis. Elevated levels specific miRNAs been consistently associated with subtypes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease (MASLD), steatohepatitis (MASH), hepatitis B C. LncRNAs also transcripts involved wide range processes, regeneration, fibrosis, cancer progression. Studies shown that lncRNA expression profiles can distinguish between different valuable insights into progression therapeutic response. Promising included miR-122 (elevated MASLD fibrosis), miR-21 (increased is linked inflammation fibrosis patients), miR-192 advanced stages CLD, cirrhosis HCC), LncRNA HOTAIR MASH development), H19 (dysregulation HCC progression). present review, we focus on tools diagnosis monitoring etiologies.

Language: Английский

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Integrating Artificial Intelligence for Advancing Multiple-Cancer Early Detection via Serum Biomarkers: A Narrative Review

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 862 - 862

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

The concept and policies of multicancer early detection (MCED) have gained significant attention from governments worldwide in recent years. In the era burgeoning artificial intelligence (AI) technology, integration MCED with AI has become a prevailing trend, giving rise to plethora products. However, due heterogeneity both targets technologies, overall diversity products remains considerable. types encompass protein biomarkers, cell-free DNA, or combinations these biomarkers. development models, different model training approaches are employed, including datasets case-control studies real-world cancer screening datasets. Various validation techniques, such as cross-validation, location-wise validation, time-wise used. All factors show impacts on predictive efficacy AIs. After completion development, deploying AIs clinical practice presents numerous challenges, presenting reports, identifying potential locations tumors, addressing cancer-related information, follow-up treatment. This study reviews several mature currently available market, detecting their composing serum biomarker detection, training/validation, application. review illuminates challenges encountered by existing across stages, offering insights into continued obstacles within field AI.

Language: Английский

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Impact of diabetes mellitus on osteoarthritis: a scoping review on biomarkers

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA) commonly affects the knee and hip joints accounts for 19.3% of disability-adjusted life years lived with disability worldwide (Refs 1, 2). Early management is important in order to avoid uphold quality (Ref. 3). However, a lack awareness subclinical early symptomatic stages OA often hampers 4). Moreover, late diagnosis among those severe disease, at stage when becomes more complicated common 5, 6, 7, 8). Established risk factors development progression include increasing age, female, history trauma obesity 9). Recent studies have also drawn link between metabolic syndrome, which characterized by insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia hypertension 10, 11).

Language: Английский

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Biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases: a broad overview

Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 119 - 147

Published: April 16, 2024

Degeneration and dysfunction of neurons in the brain are hallmarks neurodegenerative diseases. Over past decades, significant efforts have been devoted to development validation biomarkers for The range diversity central nervous system (CNS) diseases has continued expand, encompassing biofluid-based sources such as blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), nucleic acids, tissues, imaging. While imaging tissue biopsy-based markers continually being identified their applications expanding, they do limitations compared with RNA protein biomarkers. This review comprehensively summarizes various biomarkers, including microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding (lncRNA), circulating miRNA (cimiRNA), proteins, context CNS disorders. In addition, emphasizes existing challenges associated use both clinical practice research on conclusion, this provides an insightful overview diseases, underscoring crucial role biomarker combating these debilitating conditions. article also highlights future related implementation novel trials, thereby contributing ongoing advance understanding management

Language: Английский

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Blood-brain barrier biomarkers

Advances in clinical chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 88

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Application of Nanobiosensor Engineering in the Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disorders

Results in Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24, P. 102790 - 102790

Published: Sept. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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