Plant carotenoids: recent advances and future perspectives

Molecular Horticulture, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: Jan. 21, 2022

Abstract Carotenoids are isoprenoid metabolites synthesized de novo in all photosynthetic organisms. essential for plants with diverse functions photosynthesis, photoprotection, pigmentation, phytohormone synthesis, and signaling. They also critically important humans as precursors of vitamin A synthesis dietary antioxidants. The vital roles carotenoids to have prompted significant progress toward our understanding carotenoid metabolism regulation. New regulators novel continuously revealed. This review focuses on current status highlights recent advances comprehension the intrinsic multi-dimensional regulation accumulation. We discuss functional evolution carotenoids, agricultural horticultural application, some key areas future research.

Language: Английский

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Antioxidants as modulators of arsenic-induced oxidative stress tolerance in plants: An overview

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 427, P. 127891 - 127891

Published: Nov. 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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Molecular and Hormonal Mechanisms Regulating Fleshy Fruit Ripening

Cells, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(5), P. 1136 - 1136

Published: May 8, 2021

This article focuses on the molecular and hormonal mechanisms underlying control of fleshy fruit ripening quality. Recent research tomato shows that ethylene, acting through transcription factors, is responsible for initiation ripening. Several other hormones, including abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic (JA) brassinosteroids (BR), promote by upregulating ethylene biosynthesis genes in different fruits. Changes to histone marks DNA methylation are associated with activation necessary initiation. Light, detected photoreceptors operating ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5), also modulates Re-evaluation roles ‘master regulators’ indicates MADS-RIN, NAC-NOR, Nor-like1 MADS NAC genes, together full expression required further synthesis change colour, flavour, texture progression types non-coding RNAs involved regulating but clarification their diverse action required. We discuss a model integrates main genetic regulatory interactions governing consider variations circuits operate

Language: Английский

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Phytoene Synthase: The Key Rate-Limiting Enzyme of Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 12, 2022

Phytoene synthase (PSY) catalyzes the first committed step in carotenoid biosynthesis pathway and is a major rate-limiting enzyme of carotenogenesis. PSY highly regulated by various regulators factors to modulate response diverse developmental environmental cues. Because its critical role controlling total amount synthesized carotenoids, has been extensively investigated engineered plant species. However, much remains be learned on multifaceted regulatory control catalytic efficiency for enrichment crops. Here, we present current knowledge basic biology, functional evolution, dynamic regulation, metabolic engineering PSY. We also discuss open questions gaps stimulate additional research this most studied gene/enzyme carotenogenic pathway.

Language: Английский

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Cucurbitaceae genome evolution, gene function, and molecular breeding

Horticulture Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Abstract Cucurbitaceae is one of the most genetically diverse plant families in world. Many them are important vegetables or medicinal plants and widely distributed worldwide. The rapid development sequencing technologies bioinformatic algorithms has enabled generation genome sequences numerous species. This greatly facilitated research on gene identification, evolution, genetic variation, molecular breeding cucurbit crops. So far, 18 different species belonging to tribes Benincaseae, Cucurbiteae, Sicyoeae, Momordiceae, Siraitieae have been deciphered. review summarizes sequence information, evolutionary relationships, functional genes associated with agronomic traits (e.g. fruit quality). progress crops prospects for future applications information also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Ménage à trois: light, terpenoids, and quality of plants

Trends in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 572 - 588

Published: March 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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The coordinated interaction or regulation between floral pigments and volatile organic compounds

Horticultural Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Floral color and scent are crucial for plant-environment interactions, especially in reproduction by attracting pollinators fertilization. They also have wide applications cosmetic, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical industries. Plant pigments typically classified as chlorophylls, flavonoids, carotenoids, betalains, while volatile organic compounds (VOCs) grouped terpenes, phenylpropanoids/benzenoids, fatty acid derivatives. Significant progresses been made understanding the biosynthesis regulation of these floral VOCs. Despite differences their biosynthetic pathways, VOCs biochemically connected exhibit synergistic interactions during flower development response to biotic abiotic stresses, suggesting existence pleiotropic regulators or complex mechanisms co-regulating biosynthesis. In this review, we summarize outline metabolite pathways mainly integrating phenylpropanoids/benzenoids. We provide a series scenarios illustrating coordinated scent. Finally, suggest areas future research. hope review will spark interest research direction stimulate further studies.

Language: Английский

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Spatial and Temporal Regulation of Flower Coloration in Cymbidium lowianum

Plant Cell & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

ABSTRACT Flower color is a crucial trait that attracts pollinators and determines the ornamental value of floral crops. Cymbidium lowianum , one most important breeding parent hybrids, has two flower morphs (normal albino) differ in lip color. However, molecular mechanisms underlying formation C. are not well understood. In this study, comparative metabolomic analysis between normal albino tissues indicated cyanidin‐3‐ O ‐glucoside content was significantly higher red epichiles than other tissues. This finding suggests responsible for variation differentiation . We also found coloration correlated with high levels F3'H expression; further, anthocyanins, carotenoids chlorophyll coordinate to influence sepal petal during development. transgenic Arabidopsis lines, overexpression increased anthocyanin concentration, BCH carotenoid whereas HEMG CHLI both concentration. Identification assessment several transcription factors revealed MYB308‐1 activates MYB111 PIF4‐2 activate expression Importantly, MYB14‐1 shows interaction PIF4‐2, appears act as connector biosynthesis by either activating or inhibiting expression. These results indicate that, patterns primarily regulated types concentrations flavonoids;

Language: Английский

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Overexpression of the Golden SNP-Carrying Orange Gene Enhances Carotenoid Accumulation and Heat Stress Tolerance in Sweetpotato Plants

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 51 - 51

Published: Jan. 4, 2021

Carotenoids function as photosynthetic accessory pigments, antioxidants, and vitamin A precursors. We recently showed that transgenic sweetpotato calli overexpressing the mutant (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam) Orange gene (IbOr-R96H), which carries a single nucleotide polymorphism responsible for Arg to His substitution at amino acid position 96, exhibited dramatically higher carotenoid content abiotic stress tolerance than wild-type IbOr (IbOr-WT). In this study, we generated plants IbOr-R96H under control of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The total contents storage roots (light-orange flesh) IbOr-WT (light-yellow were 5.4–19.6 3.2-fold higher, respectively, those non-transgenic (NT) (white flesh). β-carotene was up 186.2-fold NT roots. addition, greater heat (47 °C) plants, possibly because DPPH radical scavenging activity ABA contents. These results indicate is promising strategy developing new cultivars with improved tolerance.

Language: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas9 technology and its application in horticultural crops

Horticultural Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 395 - 407

Published: April 29, 2022

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR associated 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system has recently become one popular technology due to its efficiency, precision, and simplicity compared with other genome editing tools such as Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs) Transcription Activator Like Effector (TALENs). Horticultural crops provide energy health-keeping nutrients humankind. Genome-editing widely adopted in horticultural breeding the increasing demand for high yield better-quality crops. Here, we describe CRISPR/Cas9 construction, optimization, including sgRNA promoter, design, Cas9 protein SpCas9 variants orthologs, vector delivery methods. We also summarized application of this plants stress responses enhancement, fruit quality improvement, cultivation traits modification. This detailed review was compiled help establish comprehensive understanding systems a reference further developing manipulate plant effectively.

Language: Английский

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