The
importance
of
historic
buildings
as
treasures
cultural
heritage
cannot
be
overemphasized.
However,
due
to
problems
such
people's
beliefs
and
improper
urban
planning,
some
historical
are
densely
populated
the
infrastructure
is
weak,
which
brings
major
challenges
fire
safety.
This
paper
takes
Beiyuanmen
block
in
Xi'an
research
object
proposes
a
comprehensive
evaluation
method
for
protection
indicators.
Unlike
general
assessments
that
only
consider
individual
buildings,
this
considers
interaction
between
building
its
surroundings.
innovation
lies
organic
combination
road
indicators
full
consideration
issues
different
areas.
Based
on
perspective
risk
hazard,
theoretical
overall
proposed.
Specifically,
hazards
52
single
13
main
streets
were
analyzed,
zones
pointed
out
detail
according
nature
land
uses.
To
achieve
this,
authors
utilized
various
tools
methods
Fire
Risk
Index
(FRI),
dynamics
software
(PyroSim),
global
geographic
information
system
(ArcGIS).
With
assessment
hazards,
strategies
can
developed
address
safety
districts
environments.
Land,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(3), P. 530 - 530
Published: March 3, 2025
The
frequent
occurrence
of
disasters
has
brought
significant
challenges
to
increasingly
complex
urban
systems.
Resilient
city
planning
and
construction
emerged
as
a
new
paradigm
for
dealing
with
the
growing
risks.
Infrastructure
systems
like
transportation,
lifelines,
flood
control,
drainage
are
essential
operation
during
disasters.
It
is
necessary
measure
how
risks
affect
these
systems’
resilience
at
different
spatial
scales.
This
paper
develops
an
infrastructure
risk
evaluation
index
system
in
areas
based
on
characteristics.
Then,
comprehensive
established
risk–resilience
coupling
mechanism.
overall
characteristics
then
identified.
transmission
level
causes
effects
analyzed
principle
scale.
Additionally,
enhancement
strategies
under
scenarios
proposed.
In
empirical
study
Zhengzhou
City,
shows
clustering
area.
high
central
low
periphery.
Specifically,
it
relatively
southern
northwestern
parts
airport
economy
zone
(AEZ)
center.
leading
driving
factors
drought,
hazardous
materials,
infectious
diseases,
epidemics,
while
include
transportation
networks,
sponge
construction,
municipal
pipe
fire
protection.
proposes
“risk-resilience”
framework
evaluate
analyze
multi-hazard
multi-system
across
multi-level
provides
strategies,
complementing
existing
individual
dimensional
or
studies.
findings
could
offer
visualized
results
support
decision-making
Zhengzhou’s
resilient
outline
special
provide
references
assessment
similar
cities.
Agriculture,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(6), P. 1222 - 1222
Published: June 9, 2023
Promoting
rural
development
is
essential
for
the
general
economic
transformation
of
people,
hence
requiring
great
attention
from
different
government
systems.
This
study
assessed
risk,
vulnerability,
and
resilience
agriculture,
as
well
its
impact
on
sustainable
economy
development,
using
Greece
case
study.
The
employed
a
quantitative
research
approach
based
cross-sectional
survey
design.
A
questionnaire
was
used
to
gather
data
304
Greek
farmers.
results
show
that,
although
farmers
are
no
longer
at
risk
being
short
food
clothing
in
Greece,
they
still
face
challenges
associated
with
climate
change
or
low
productivity,
this
can
greatly
affect
yields
if
not
given
attention.
showed
that
increasing
farmers’
efficacy
response
both
tactics
use
order
effectively
combat
threats
residential
environment.
However,
vulnerability
agriculture
has
significant
negative
influence
development.
demonstrates
how
new,
beautiful
nation
must
involve
improvements
guarantee
safety
living
environments,
reduce
impacts
strengthen
nation’s
resilience.
governance,
preservation
conditions
only
one
top
priorities,
but
also
crucial
factor
enhancing
their
ability
deal
risks,
route
real
Governments
should
design
social
protection
programs
enhance
agricultural
production,
safeguard
lives
most
vulnerable
populations,
resilience,
achieve
broadest
possible
transformation.
Heliyon,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(7), P. e18159 - e18159
Published: July 1, 2023
The
fundamentals
contribution
of
multi-hazard
assessment
lies
in
its
ability
to
guide
and
identify
directions
for
territorial
development,
aiming
reduce
vulnerability
through
the
implementation
appropriate
measures.
In
present
study,
Multi-Criteria
Decision
Making
supported
by
Geographic
Information
System
was
utilized
solve
spatial
problems
related
sprawl.
Considering
this
perspective,
an
analysis
conducted
on
susceptibility
land
occurrence
geo
hazards
Moldova
catchment,
situated
northeastern
region
Romania,
within
a
transitional
zone
between
mountains
plateaus.
focused
assessing
likelihood
geo-hazards
like
floods,
landslides,
earthquakes,
utilizing
weights
obtained
Analytical
Hierarchy
Process
(AHP).
Subsequently,
results
were
generate
map,
which
facilitated
identification
areas
that
are
suitable
development.
validated
two
ways:
sensitivity
minimum
maximum
scenarios
proposed
concerning
result
validation
using
receiver
operating
characteristic
(ROC)
curve
method.
with
high
triggers
located
southeastern
part
region,
proximity
hydrographic
network.
Flood
risk
is
hazard
highest
recurrence.
Localities
suitability
development
have
central-western
distribution.
According
applied
model,
sites
each
locality
included
study
area
can
be
identified.
very
classes
account
54%
total
area,
while
unsuitable
represent
15%
area.
However,
need
generated
35%
settlements
being
susceptibility.
Abstract.
Undertaking
a
natural
hazard
or
risk
assessment
from
single
approach
can
be
considered
incomplete
where
the
interactions
between
and
impacts
multiple
hazards
risks
are
not
considered.
However,
development
of
indicators
in
disaster
management
has
only
recently
started
to
explicitly
include
multi-hazard
multi-risk
approach.
Indicators
contain
observable
measurable
characteristics
simplify
information
understand
state
concept
phenomenon,
and/or
monitor
it
over
time.
To
date,
there
have
been
limited
efforts
how
being
used
this
context.
Using
systematic
review,
194
publications
were
identified
that
mention
indicators,
covering
hazards,
vulnerability,
risk/impact.
We
find
majority
studies
exploring
multi-layer
risks;
other
words,
they
did
hazards.
The
results
also
demonstrate
predominance
on
(88
%)
versus
with
dominance
hydro-meteorological
indicators.
Only
20
%
integrated
hazard,
vulnerability
Based
findings,
we
propose
12
recommendations
enable
uptake
advancing
research
into
indicator
frameworks,
enabling
partnerships
ensure
inclusion
stakeholder
needs
development.
