Energy Sources Part A Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
47(1), P. 74 - 97
Published: Dec. 16, 2024
This
review
provides
a
comprehensive
summary
of
recent
advancements
in
ammonia
combustion
science
and
its
reaction
kinetics.
Ammonia
has
emerged
as
an
ideal
alternative
energy
source
due
to
high
per
unit
volume,
hydrogen
content
zero
carbon
emissions
from
products.
However,
low
reactivity
higher
nitrogen
oxide
prevent
it
being
widely
applied.
To
address
these
challenges,
is
crucial
understand
the
different
effects
internal
external
factors
on
combustion.
paper
reviews
current
identifying
characteristics
flame,
improving
efficiency
managing
waste
during
Achievements
stabilizing
while
reducing
pollutant
are
highlighted,
including
pretreatment
reactants,
blending
with
flammable
fuels,
application
efficient
burners
control
conditions.
These
methods
can
enhance
laminar
burning
velocity
(LBV)
by
5%–40%.
Moreover,
production
contaminants
be
decreased
little
10%
levels
seen
normal
Furthermore,
some
ammonia-related
models
proposed
years
compared
their
applicability
through
numerical
simulation
analysis.
Applied Thermal Engineering,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
236, P. 121685 - 121685
Published: Oct. 2, 2023
This
study
addresses
the
challenges
in
utilizing
ammonia
as
a
CO2-free
fuel.
However,
drawbacks
of
are—low
burning
speed
and
nitrogen
oxide
emissions.
To
enhance
ammonia's
flammability
atmospheric
micro-combustion,
hydrogen
is
blended
First,
simplified
chemical
reaction
mechanism
consisting
44-step
reactions
19
species
specifically
for
developed
validated
using
experimental
data
to
reduce
computational
cost
time.
Then,
we
proposed
heat-recirculating
micro-combustor
fueled
by
premixed
hydrogen/ammonia/air.
Five
key
parameters
are
identical
numerically
studying
thermal
performance,
entropy
generation,
NO
The
present
findings
confirm
that
higher
inlet
velocity
boosts
performance
(power
output
achieving
15.8
W
at
7
m/s)
emissions
peak
3
m/s
(0.0169).
Unity
equivalence
ratio
optimizes
rich-fuel
combustion
reduces
At
stoichiometric
ratio,
power
8.34
W,
with
highest
0.9
(0.168).
Hydrogen
blending
has
small
effect
on
(8.5
ξm
=
0.7,
0.51
above
0.4),
but
effectively
(ξm
0.7
around
30
%
lower
than
0.4).
Furthermore,
changing
material
from
steel
Corundum
enhances
approximately
6
%,
while
longer
heat
recirculation
improves
performance.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
58, P. 912 - 923
Published: Jan. 30, 2024
To
enhance
ammonia's
flammability,
blending
methane
with
ammonia
is
a
viable
strategy
to
improve
the
laminar
burning
velocity
of
combustion.
We
conducted
three-dimensional
numerical
simulations
investigate
thermal
performance,
2nd
thermodynamic
law
efficiency,
and
NO
emissions
micro-combustor
fuelled
by
ammonia/methane.
Three
key
parameters
are
identified
examined.
They
include:
1)
inlet
volume
flow
rate,
2)
CH4
mole
blended
ratio,
3)
N2
dilution
rate.
It
found
that
increasing
rate
give
rise
an
increase
combustor
outer
wall
temperature,
so
second-law
but
reduction
emissions.
For
example,
when
set
14.4
mL/s,
temperature
efficiency
increased
36
%
21
respectively,
emission
reduced
15
%,
in
comparison
those
presence
7.2
mL/s
flow.
While
ratio
(molar
fraction)
shown
have
limited
impact
on
performances.
This
variation
such
be
associated
notable
22
Additionally,
injecting
as
gas
not
beneficial
performance.
However,
reduced.
When
0.6,
173
K.
47
more
observed
N_2
being
0.3.
Energy and Built Environment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
In
this
work,
we
propose
and
examine
an
ammonia-hydrogen
fueled
micro-combustor
with
a
single-channel
inlet
double-channel
outlet
(SIDO).
The
combustion
characteristics
nitrogen
oxide
emission
of
ammonia/hydrogen-oxygen
premixed
are
explored.
Comparison
is
then
made
between
the
conventional
proposed
combustors.
It
found
that
our
new
design
could
lead
to
increase
outer
wall
temperature
reduce
emission.
performances
different
hydrogen
blended
ratios
(Φb),
velocities
(Vin),
equivalence
(Φ)
evaluated.
increasing
Φb
reduces
maximum
flame
pressure
loss,
enabling
move
upstream.
When
set
25%,
convective
heat
transfer
performance
reaches
its
optimal
level.
uniformity
can
be
improved
by
Vin.
However,
it
accompanied
increased
NO
emissions
at
outlet.
Increasing
Φ
significantly
emission,
such
reduction
effect
much
more
remarkable
lower
Φb.
Examining
exergy
efficiency
shown
greatly
in
mixed
fuel
have
almost
no
on
ammonia.
This
study
demonstrates
feasibility
improving
thermal
reducing
varying
structure
for
thermophotovoltaic
applications.
