COVID-19-Related Mortality Risk in People With Severe Mental Illness: A Systematic and Critical Review

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 13, 2022

Background: Increasing clinical evidence suggests that people with severe mental illness (SMI), including schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive (MDD), are at higher risk of dying from COVID-19. Several systematic reviews examining the association between psychiatric disorders COVID-19-related mortality have recently been published. Although these conducted thoroughly, certain methodological limitations may hinder accuracy their research findings. Methods: A literature search, using PubMed, Embase, Web Science, Scopus databases (from inception to July 23, 2021), was for observational studies assessing death associated COVID-19 infection in adult patients pre-existing BD, or MDD. Methodological quality included assessed Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: Of 1,446 records screened, 13 articles investigating rates SMI were this review. Quality assessment scores ranged moderate high. Most results seem indicate SMI, particularly significantly mortality, as compared without SMI. However, extent variation large because a low level precision estimated outcome(s) studies. on MDD BD did not include specific information mood state disease severity patients. Due lack data, it remains unknown what increased mortality. variety factors likely contribute These male sex, older age, somatic comorbidities (particularly cardiovascular diseases), well disease-specific characteristics. Conclusion: hamper estimates main categories SMIs. Nevertheless, is excess Policy makers therefore must consider vulnerable individuals high-risk group should be given particular attention. This means targeted interventions maximize vaccination uptake among required address burden already disadvantaged group.

Language: Английский

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The role of vitamin D in outcomes of critical care in COVID-19 patients: evidence from an umbrella meta-analysis of interventional and observational studies

Public Health Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Objectives: Several meta-analyses have suggested the beneficial effect of vitamin D on patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. This umbrella meta-analysis aims to evaluate influence supplementation clinical outcomes and mortality rate COVID-19 patients. Design: Present study was designed as an meta-analysis. The following international databases were systematically searched till March 2023: Web Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase. Settings: Random-effects model employed perform Using AMSTAR critical evaluation tools, methodological quality included evaluated. Participants: Adult suffering from studied. Results: Overall, 13 summarising data 4 randomised controlled trial 9 observational studies identified in this review. Our findings revealed that status significantly reduced [Interventional studies: (ES = 0·42; 95 % CI: 0·10, 0·75, P < 0·001; I 2 20·4 %, 0·285) 1·99; 1·37, 2·62, 00·0 0·944). Also, deficiency increased risk infection disease severity among Conclusion: is a factor influencing rate, severity, admission intensive care unit being detached mechanical ventilation. It vital monitor all conditions including COVID

Language: Английский

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The Influence of Vitamin D Intake and Status on Mental Health in Children: A Systematic Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 952 - 952

Published: March 16, 2021

A potential role of vitamin D in some components mental health is currently suggested, but the analyses are conducted mainly for adults, while young individuals especially important, due to its lifelong effects. The aim study was analyze association between intake or status and children within a systematic review literature, including both intervention observational studies. literature search according PRISMA guidelines it covered peer-reviewed studies included databases PubMed Web Science until October 2019. presenting either intake, human subjects were allowed (excluding with intellectual disabilities, eating disorders neurological disorders), various methods assessment wide scope factors included. bias assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). registered PROSPERO database (CRD42020155779). number 7613 after duplicate removing extracted by two independent researchers, followed screening eligibility, researchers steps (based on title abstract). Afterwards, full texts obtained reviewing, 24 synthetic description results prepared, structured around exposure (vitamin supplementation/status) outcome (components health). groups healthy individuals, problems, they following issues: behavior violence behaviors, anxiety, depressive symptoms/depression, aggressive disorder, psychotic features, bipolar obsessive compulsive suicidal incident, as well general patterns, follows: health, level distress, quality life, well-being, mood, sleep patterns. vast majority studies, most prominent ones NOS score) supported positive influence children. As limitation analysis, should be indicated that so far presented studied groups, outcomes psychological measures, more necessary facilitate comparisons deepen observations. Nevertheless, properly balanced diet supplementation, except safe sun exposure, an element supporting children, recommended meet required 25(OH)cholecalciferol blood order prevent alleviate problems.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Bioactive Lipids: A Review on Absorption, Metabolism, and Health Properties

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 69(32), P. 8929 - 8943

Published: June 23, 2021

Dietary lipids are an indispensable source of energy and nutrition in human life. Numerous studies have shown that dietary bioactive many health benefits, including prevention or treatment chronic diseases. The different chemical compositions structural characteristics not only affect their digestion, absorption, metabolism but also properties. In this review, the major (fatty acids, carotenoids, phytosterols, phenolic lipids, fat-soluble vitamins, sphingomyelins) foods systematically summarized, from aspects composition, metabolism, source, characteristics, particular, relationship between compositional changes absorption is discussed as well effect on This review provides a comprehensive summary toward properties lipids.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional management of individuals with obesity and COVID-19: ESPEN expert statements and practical guidance

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 41(12), P. 2869 - 2886

Published: May 11, 2021

Language: Английский

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Relationship between Vitamin D Status and Antibody Response to COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in Healthy Adults

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(11), P. 1714 - 1714

Published: Nov. 18, 2021

The immune response to vaccination with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines varies greatly from person person. In addition age, there is evidence that certain micronutrients influence the system, particularly vitamin D. Here, we analysed IgG and neutralisation potency along 25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol [25(OH)D] concentrations in a cohort of healthy German adults time over 24 weeks. Contrary our expectations, no significant differences were found dynamic increase or decrease as function 25(OH)D status. Furthermore, first second vaccination, maximum achieved, decline not related We conclude response, measured concentration, does depend on status moderate D

Language: Английский

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The effect of vitamin D supplementation on mortality and intensive care unit admission of COVID‐19 patients. A systematic review, meta‐analysis and meta‐regression

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 38(4)

Published: Dec. 29, 2021

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effect vitamin D supplementation on mortality admission intensive care unit (ICU) COVID-19 patients.

Language: Английский

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Real world evidence of calcifediol or vitamin D prescription and mortality rate of COVID-19 in a retrospective cohort of hospitalized Andalusian patients

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Dec. 3, 2021

Abstract COVID-19 is a major worldwide health problem because of acute respiratory distress syndrome, and mortality. Several lines evidence have suggested relationship between the vitamin D endocrine system severity COVID-19. We present survival study on retrospective cohort 15,968 patients, comprising all patients hospitalized in Andalusia January November 2020. Based central registry electronic records (the Andalusian Population Health Database, BPS), prescription or its metabolites within 15–30 days before hospitalization were recorded. The effect (metabolites) for other indication previous to was studied with respect patient survival. Kaplan–Meier curves hazard ratios support an association these Such stronger calcifediol (Hazard Ratio, HR = 0.67, 95% confidence interval, CI, [0.50–0.91]) than cholecalciferol (HR 0.75, CI [0.61–0.91]), when prescribed 15 prior hospitalization. Although relation maintained, there general decrease this longer period 30 considered (calcifediol 0.73, [0.57–0.95] 0.88, [0.75, 1.03]), suggesting that closer

Language: Английский

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Tryptophan Metabolites and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pathophysiology

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 1597 - 1597

Published: Feb. 5, 2021

The metabolism of tryptophan is intimately associated with the differential regulation diverse physiological processes, including in responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome, coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that underpins COVID-19 pandemic. Two important products metabolism, viz kynurenine and interleukin (IL)4-inducible1 (IL41)-driven indole 3 pyruvate (I3P), activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), thereby altering nature immune SARS-CoV-2 infection. AhR activation dysregulates initial pro-inflammatory cytokines production driven by neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, whilst suppresses endogenous antiviral natural killer cells CD8+ T cells. Such become further dysregulated increased prolonged cytokine suppression pineal melatonin coupled gut dysbiosis permeability. microbiome-derived butyrate, an increase circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) response. mediates its effects via alterations mitochondrial function risk severe/fatal high conditions, such as elderly age, obesity, diabetes are mediated these conditions having expression levels melatonin, AhR, LPS closer those This has a number future research treatment implications, utilization nutraceuticals inhibit polyphenols, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), resveratrol.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Higher Hospitalization Risk From COVID-19: A Retrospective Case-control Study

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 106(11), P. e4708 - e4715

Published: June 17, 2021

One risk factor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is postulated to be vitamin D deficiency. To better understand the role of deficiency in disease course COVID-19, we undertook a retrospective case-control study North West England.To examine whether hospitalization with COVID-19 more prevalent individuals lower levels.The included test results serum 25-hydroxyvitamin (25[OH]D) between April 1, 2020, and January 29, 2021, from districts England. The last 25(OH)D level previous 12 months was categorized as "deficient" if less than 25 nmol/L "insufficient" 50 nmol/L.The 80 670 participants. Of these, 1808 were admitted hospital whom died. In primary cohort, median nonhospitalized participants 50.0 (interquartile range [IQR], 34.0-66.7) vs 35.0 (IQR, 21.0-57.0) those (P < 0.005). validation 47.1 31.8-64.7) 33.0 19.4-54.1) hospitalized patients. Age-, sex-, season-adjusted odds ratios admission 2.3 2.4 times higher among <50 compared normal levels, without excess mortality risk.Vitamin associated hospitalization. Widespread measurement treatment insufficiency or may reduce this risk.

Language: Английский

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