Vitamin D supplementation and COVID-19 risk: a population-based, cohort study

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 167 - 179

Published: July 17, 2021

Language: Английский

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Pre-infection 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and association with severity of COVID-19 illness

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. e0263069 - e0263069

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

Studies have demonstrated a potential correlation between low vitamin D status and both an increased risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 poorer clinical outcomes. This retrospective study examines if, to what degree, relationship exists pre-infection serum 25-hydroxyvitamin (25(OH)D) level disease severity mortality due SARS-CoV-2.The records individuals admitted April 7th, 2020 February 4th, 2021 the Galilee Medical Center (GMC) in Nahariya, Israel, positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for (COVID-19) were searched historical 25(OH)D levels measured 14 730 days prior PCR test.Patients GMC COVID-19 categorized according 25(OH)D. An association levels, divided four categories (deficient, insufficient, adequate, high-normal), was ascertained utilizing multivariable regression analysis. To isolate possible influence sinusoidal pattern seasonal changes throughout year, cosinor model used.Of 1176 patients admitted, 253 had infection. A lower more common severe or critical (<20 ng/mL [87.4%]) than mild moderate [34.3%] p < 0.001). Patients deficiency ng/mL) times likely ≥40 (odds ratio [OR], 14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4 51; 0.001).Among hospitalized patients, associated mortality.

Language: Английский

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Risk Factors of Severe COVID-19: A Review of Host, Viral and Environmental Factors

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 175 - 175

Published: Jan. 7, 2023

The clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe disease death. Understanding the risk factors is relevant both in setting at epidemiological level. Here, we provide an overview host, viral environmental that have been shown or (in some cases) hypothesized be associated with outcomes. considered detail include age frailty, genetic polymorphisms, biological sex (and pregnancy), co- superinfections, non-communicable comorbidities, immunological history, microbiota, lifestyle patient; variation infecting dose; socioeconomic factors; air pollution. For each category, compile (sometimes conflicting) evidence for association factor outcomes (including strength effect) outline possible action mechanisms. We also discuss complex interactions between various factors.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D: A Role Also in Long COVID-19?

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 1625 - 1625

Published: April 13, 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly become a global pandemic. Reports from different parts of the world indicate that significant proportion people who have recovered COVID-19 are suffering various health problems collectively referred to as "long COVID-19". Common symptoms include fatigue, shortness breath, cough, joint pain, chest muscle aches, headaches, and so on. Vitamin D is an immunomodulatory hormone with proven efficacy against upper respiratory tract infections. can inhibit hyperinflammatory reactions accelerate healing process in affected areas, especially lung tissue. Moreover, vitamin deficiency been associated severity mortality cases, high prevalence hypovitaminosis found patients acute failure. Thus, there promising reasons promote research into effects supplementation patients. However, no studies date affects post-COVID-19 or biomarkers. Based on this scenario, review aims provide up-to-date overview potential role long current literature topic.

Language: Английский

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Association between vitamin D supplementation and COVID-19 infection and mortality

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Nov. 12, 2022

Abstract Vitamin D deficiency has long been associated with reduced immune function that can lead to viral infection. Several studies have shown is increases the risk of infection COVID-19. However, it unknown if treatment reduce COVID-19 infection, which focus this study. In population US veterans, we show 2 and 3 fills were reductions in 28% 20%, respectively [(D Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.80, [95% CI 0.77, 0.83]), HR 0.72, 0.65, 0.79]]. Mortality within 30-days was similarly 33% lower 25% (D 0.67, 0.59, 0.75]; 0.75, 0.55, 1.04]). We also find after controlling for vitamin blood levels, veterans receiving higher dosages obtained greater benefits from supplementation than dosages. Veterans levels between 0 19 ng/ml exhibited largest decrease following supplementation. Black received White veterans. As a safe, widely available, affordable treatment, may help severity pandemic.

Language: Английский

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The role of vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(11), P. 2198 - 2206

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

Vitamin D (VitD) has been shown to be important for the immune response of respiratory system, but preventive and therapeutic effects vitamin supplementation on SARS-CoV-2 infection are controversial. This study aimed determine role in prevention treatment through a meta-analysis randomized controlled trials.The databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web Science Google Scholar were searched systematically from inception April 17,2023 identify trials involving comparison versus non-vitamin or treatment.We retrieved 25 eligible trials, including 8128 participants. Four compared infection, results (RR 0.31; 95%CI 0.07 1.32) inconclusive. Regarding with supplementation, it was found that could significantly reduce rates ICU admission 0.63; 0.44 0.89) mechanical ventilation 0.58; 0.39 0.84), had no statistically significant effect mortality. However, subgroup analyses based patients' specific conditions, reduced mortality patients deficiency 0.76; 0.58 0.98).Vitamin may have some beneficial impact severity illness caused by SARS-CoV-2, particularly VitD deficient patients, further studies still needed.

Language: Английский

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Calcifediol: a review of its pharmacological characteristics and clinical use in correcting vitamin D deficiency

European Journal of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(4), P. 1579 - 1597

Published: March 2, 2023

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D and COVID-19: An Overview of Recent Evidence

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(19), P. 10559 - 10559

Published: Sept. 29, 2021

The novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) has progressed rapidly from an outbreak to a global pandemic, with new variants emerging. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the resulting SARS-CoV-2 infection, can lead multiorgan damage. Due extremely contagious and fatal nature of virus, it been priority medical research find effective means treatment. Amid this search, role vitamin D in modulating various aspects innate adaptive immune system discussed. This review aims consolidate surrounding treatment prevention COVID-19. While there are some conflicting results reported, consensus is that host immunomodulatory effects which may be beneficial context COVID-19 low levels result dysfunction crucial antimicrobial effects, potentially contributing poor prognosis. Studies also show mitigated via supplementation, although benefits supplementation remain controversial.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D—A prominent immunomodulator to prevent COVID‐19 infection

International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 13 - 30

Published: Oct. 29, 2022

Abstract COVID‐19 remains a life‐threatening infectious disease worldwide. Several bio‐active agents have been tested and evaluated in an effort to contain this disease. Unfortunately, none of the therapies successful, owing their safety concerns presence various adverse effects. Various countries developed vaccines as preventive measure; however, they not widely accepted effective strategies. The virus has proven be exceedingly contagious lethal, so finding treatment strategy top priority medical research. significance vitamin D influencing many components innate adaptive immune systems is examined study. This review aims summarize research on use for prevention. Vitamin supplementation now become efficient option boost response all ages preventing spread infection. immunomodulator that treats infected lung tissue by improving responses downregulating inflammatory cascades. action exerted (at specific dose) several observational investigations clinical trials avoidance viral acute respiratory dysfunctions. To assess existing consensus about treat prevent development progression disease, intends synthesize evidence around relation

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D Endocrine System and COVID-19: Treatment with Calcifediol

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(13), P. 2716 - 2716

Published: June 29, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is the greatest challenge facing modern medicine and public health systems. viral evolution of SARS-CoV-2, with emergence new variants in-creased infectious potential, a cause for concern. In addition, vaccination coverage remains in-sufficient worldwide. Therefore, there need to develop therapeutic options, and/or optimize repositioning drugs approved other indications COVID-19. This may include use calcifediol, prohormone vitamin D endocrine system (VDES) as it have potential useful effects treatment We review aspects associating VDES calcifediol in VDES/VDR stimulation enhance innate antiviral effector mechanisms, facilitating induction antimicrobial peptides/autophagy, critical modulatory role subsequent host reactive hyperinflammatory phase during COVID-19: By decreasing cytokine/chemokine storm, regulating renin–angiotensin–bradykinin (RAAS), modulating neutrophil activity maintaining integrity pulmonary epithelial barrier, stimulating repair, directly indirectly increased coagulability prothrombotic tendency associated severe its complications. Available evidence suggests that stimulation, while optimal serum 25OHD status, patients SARS-CoV-2 infection significantly reduce risk acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) COVID-19, possible beneficial on mechanical ventilation intensive care unit (ICU) admission, well deaths course disease. pharmacokinetic functional characteristics give superiority rapidly optimizing levels A pilot study several observational intervention studies using high doses (0.532 mg day 1 0.266 days 3, 7, 14, 21, 28) dramatically decreased ICU admission mortality rate. We, therefore, propose at described rapid correction deficiency all early stages association, if necessary, oral agents.

Language: Английский

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