Journal of Controlled Release,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
371, P. 216 - 236
Published: May 31, 2024
Nanoparticles
have
a
great
potential
to
significantly
improve
the
delivery
of
therapeutics
brain
and
may
also
be
equipped
with
properties
investigate
function.
The
brain,
being
highly
complex
organ
shielded
by
selective
barriers,
requires
its
own
specialized
detection
system.
However,
significant
hurdle
achieve
these
goals
is
still
identification
individual
nanoparticles
within
sufficient
cellular,
subcellular,
temporal
resolution.
This
review
aims
provide
comprehensive
summary
current
knowledge
on
systems
for
tracking
across
blood-brain
barrier
brain.
We
discuss
commonly
employed
in
vivo
ex
nanoparticle
quantification
methods,
as
well
various
imaging
modalities
able
detect
Advantages
weaknesses
biological
factors
that
must
considered
when
interpreting
results
obtained
through
nanotechnologies
are
summarized.
Finally,
we
critically
evaluate
prevailing
limitations
existing
technologies
explore
solutions.
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
12(9), P. 893 - 893
Published: Sept. 20, 2020
The
potential
role
of
naringenin
(NAR),
a
natural
flavonoid,
in
the
treatment
chronic
wound
has
prompted
present
research
to
deliver
drug
nanoemulsion
(NE)
form,
where
synergistic
chitosan
was
achieved
through
development
chitosan-coated
NAR
NE
(CNNE).
consisted
Capryol
90,
Tween
20
and
Transcutol
P,
which
fabricated
by
low-energy
emulsification
method
encapsulate
within
oil
core.
optimization
formulated
NEs
performed
using
Box-Behnken
statistical
design
obtain
crucial
variable
parameters
that
influence
globule
size,
size
distribution
surface
charge.
Finally,
optimized
formulation
coated
with
different
concentrations
subsequently
characterized
vitro.
CNNE
found
be
increased
when
drug-loaded
chitosan.
Controlled
release
characteristics
depicted
67-81%
from
CNNE,
compared
89%
formulation.
Cytotoxicity
study
vitro
fibroblast
cell
line
(NIH-3T3),
no
inhibition
proliferation
cells
observed
CNNE.
healing
evaluated
an
abrasion-created
model
experimental
animals
were
treated
histologically
at
0
14
days.
Significant
improvement
construction
abrasion
whereas
stimulation
skin
regeneration
histological
examination.
Therefore,
it
could
summarized
coating
developed
is
platform
accelerate
wounds.
PLoS ONE,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
16(3), P. e0248857 - e0248857
Published: March 19, 2021
In
situ
gels
have
been
extensively
explored
as
ocular
drug
delivery
system
to
enhance
bioavailability
and
efficacy.
The
objective
of
present
study
was
design,
formulate
evaluate
ion-activated
in
gel
the
penetration
therapeutic
performance
moxifloxacin
ophthalmic
delivery.
A
simplex
lattice
design
utilized
examine
effect
various
factors
on
experimental
outcomes
system.
influence
polymers
(independent
variables)
such
gellan
gum
(X
1
),
sodium
alginate
2
HPMC
3
)
strength,
adhesive
force,
viscosity
release
after
10
h
(Q
were
assessed.
Selected
formulation
(MH7)
studied
for
ex
vivo
permeation,
irritation
pharmacokinetics
rabbits.
Data
revealed
that
increase
concentration
led
higher
force
viscosity,
however,
decreases
release.
MH7
exhibited
all
physicochemical
properties
within
acceptable
limits
stable
6
months.
Release
profile
from
comparable
check
point
batches
followed
Korsmeyer-Peppas
matrix
diffusion-controlled
mechanism.
Ocular
signifies
selected
is
safe
non-irritant
administration.
data
indicates
significant
improvement
(
p
<
0.0001)
MH7,
evidenced
by
C
max
(727
±
56
ng/ml)
greater
AUC
(2881
108
ng
h/ml),
when
compared
with
commercial
eye
drops
(C
;
503
85
ng/ml
AUC;
978
86
h/ml).
conclusion,
developed
could
offers
a
more
effective
extended
therapy
infections
conventional
drops.
Colloids and Interfaces,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
7(1), P. 23 - 23
Published: March 17, 2023
Background:
Non-invasive
and
patient-friendly
nose-to-brain
pathway
is
the
best-suited
route
for
brain
delivery
of
therapeutics
as
it
bypasses
blood–brain
barrier.
The
intranasal
(olfactory
trigeminal
nerves)
allows
entry
various
bioactive
agents,
delivers
a
wide
array
hydrophilic
hydrophobic
drugs,
circumvents
hepatic
first-pass
effect,
thus
targeting
neurological
diseases
in
both
humans
animals.
olfactory
nerves
make
bridge
between
highly
vascularised
nasal
cavity
tissues
permeation
distribution,
presenting
direct
into
brain.
Materials:
This
review
portrays
insight
recent
research
reports
(spanning
last
five
years)
on
nanoemulsions
developed
actives
management
myriad
disorders,
namely,
Parkinson’s
disease,
Alzheimer’s,
epilepsy,
depression,
schizophrenia,
cerebral
ischemia
tumours.
information
data
are
collected
compiled
from
more
than
one
hundred
Scopus-
PubMed-indexed
articles.
Conclusions:
pathways
facilitate
better
biodistribution
bypass
BBB
issues
and,
thus,
pose
possible
alternative
hydrophobic,
poor
absorption
enzyme
degradative
therapeutics.
Exploring
these
virtues,
have
proven
to
be
active,
non-invasiveand
safe
brain-targeting
cargos
alleviation
other
neurodegenerative
disorders.
Pharmaceutical Development and Technology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
26(8), P. 824 - 845
Published: July 5, 2021
Scientific
research
has
focused
its
attention
on
finding
an
alternative
route
to
systemic
oral
and
parenteral
administration,
overcome
their
usual
drawbacks,
such
as
hepatic
first-pass
which
decreases
drug
bioavailability
after
off-target
effects,
low
patient
compliance
speed
of
onset
the
pharmacological
action
in
first-aid
cases.
Innovative
delivery
systems
(DDS),
mainly
based
polymer
lipid
biocompatible
materials,
have
given
a
great
prompt
this
direction
last
years.
The
intranasal
(IN)
administration
is
valid
non-invasive
alternative.
It
highly
suitable
for
self-administration,
quickly
reaches
bloodstream,
largely
avoiding
first
pass
effect,
can
also
reach
directly
brain
bypassing
BBB.
Association
IN
with
DDS
thus
become
winning
strategy
controlled
drugs,
especially
when
very
quick
effect
desired
or
needed.
This
review
aims
at
analyzing
scientific
literature
regarding
IN-DDS
different
ways
(systemic,
topical,
pulmonary,
nose-to-brain).
In
particular,
was
devoted
polymer-
lipid-based
micro-
nanocarriers,
being
topic
most
published
articles
decade,
but
whole
plethora
colloidal
investigated
recent
years
presented.
Nanomaterials,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(3), P. 563 - 563
Published: Feb. 24, 2021
The
biggest
obstacle
to
the
treatment
of
diseases
that
affect
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
is
passage
drugs
across
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB),
a
physical
regulates
entry
substances
into
brain
and
ensures
homeostasis
CNS.
This
review
summarizes
current
research
on
lipid-based
nanoparticles
for
nanoencapsulation
neuroprotective
compounds.
A
survey
studies
nanoemulsions
(NEs),
nanoliposomes/nanophytosomes
solid
lipid
(SLNs)/nanostructured
carriers
(NLCs)
was
carried
out
discussed
herein,
with
particular
emphasis
upon
their
unique
characteristics,
most
important
parameters
influencing
formulation
each
one,
examples
compounds/extracts
nanoencapsulated
using
these
nanoparticles.
Gastrointestinal
absorption
also
discussed,
as
it
may
pose
some
obstacles
free
compounds
bloodstream,
consequently
hampering
drug
concentration
in
brain.
transport
mechanisms
through
which
or
cross
BBB
parenchyma,
potential
increase
bioavailability,
are
discussed.
Additionally,
factors
contributing
disruption
neurodegeneration
described.
Finally,
advantages
of,
to,
conventional
unconventional
routes
administration
deliver
taking
account
avoidance
first-pass
metabolism,
onset
action,
ability
bypass
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14(4), P. 691 - 691
Published: March 23, 2022
The
development
of
new
drugs
is
often
hindered
by
low
solubility
in
water,
a
problem
common
to
nearly
90%
natural
and/or
synthetic
molecules
the
discovery
pipeline.
Nanocrystalline
drug
technology
involves
reduction
bulk
particle
size
down
nanosize
range,
thus
modifying
its
physico-chemical
properties
with
beneficial
effects
on
bioavailability.
Nanocrystals
(NCs)
are
carrier-free
particles
surrounded
stabilizer
and
suspended
an
aqueous
medium.
Due
high
loading,
NCs
maintain
potent
therapeutic
concentration
produce
desirable
pharmacological
action,
particularly
useful
treatment
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
diseases.
In
addition
purpose,
NC
can
be
applied
for
diagnostic
scope.
This
review
aims
provide
overview
application
different
administration
routes,
especially
focusing
brain
targeting,
particular
attention
fields.
applications
analyzed
most
CNS
pathologies
(i.e.,
Parkinson's
disease,
psychosis,
Alzheimer's
etc.).
Recently,
growing
interest
has
emerged
from
use
colloidal
fluorescent
diagnostics.
Therefore,
imaging
vessels
tumor
cells
also
discussed.
Finally,
clinical
effectiveness
leading
increasing
number
FDA-approved
products,
among
which
approved
neurological
disorders
have
increased.
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(2), P. 678 - 678
Published: Feb. 17, 2023
Orally
administered
antipsychotic
drugs
are
the
first-line
treatment
for
psychotic
disorders,
such
as
schizophrenia
and
bipolar
disorder.
Nevertheless,
adverse
drug
reactions
jeopardize
clinical
outcomes,
resulting
in
patient
non-compliance.
The
design
formulation
strategies
enhancing
brain
delivery
has
been
a
major
challenge,
mainly
due
to
restrictive
properties
of
blood-brain
barrier.
However,
recent
pharmacokinetic
pharmacodynamic
vivo
assays
confirmed
advantage
intranasal
route
when
compared
oral
intravenous
administration,
it
allows
direct
nose-to-brain
transport
via
neuronal
pathways,
reducing
systemic
side
effects
maximizing
therapeutic
outcomes.
In
addition,
incorporation
into
nanosystems
polymeric
nanoparticles,
mixed
micelles,
solid
lipid
nanostructured
carriers,
nanoemulsions,
nanoemulgels,
nanosuspensions,
niosomes
spanlastics,
proven
be
quite
promising.
developed
nanosystems,
having
small
homogeneous
particle
size
(ideal
delivery),
high
encapsulation
efficiency
good
stability,
resulted
improved
bioavailability
therapeutic-like
animal
models.
Hence,
although
is
essential
continue
research
this
field,
schizophrenia,
disorder
other
related
disorders
promising,
opening
path
future
therapies
with
higher
efficacy.
