Anxiety Disorders are Associated with Reduced Heart Rate Variability: A Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: July 11, 2014

Anxiety disorders increase risk of future cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality, even after controlling for confounds including smoking, lifestyle, socioeconomic status, irrespective a history medical disorders. While impaired vagal function, indicated by reductions in heart rate variability (HRV), may be one mechanism linking anxiety to CVD, prior studies have reported inconsistent findings highlighting the need meta-analysis.Studies comparing resting-state HRV recordings patients with an disorder as primary diagnosis healthy controls were considered meta-analysis.Meta-analyses based on 36 articles, 2086 2294 controls. Overall, characterized lower [high frequency (HF): Hedges' g = -0.29. 95% CI: -0.41 -0.17, p < 0.001; time domain: -0.45, -0.57 -0.33, 0.001] than Panic (n 447), post-traumatic stress 192), generalized 68), social 90), but not obsessive-compulsive 40), displayed HF relative (all ps 0.001).Anxiety are associated reduced HRV, small-to-moderate effect size. Findings important implications physical health well-being patients, comprehensive reduction.

Language: Английский

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The physiological effects of slow breathing in the healthy human

Breathe, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 298 - 309

Published: Nov. 30, 2017

Slow breathing practices have been adopted in the modern world across globe due to their claimed health benefits. This has piqued interest of researchers and clinicians who initiated investigations into physiological (and psychological) effects slow techniques attempted uncover underlying mechanisms. The aim this article is provide a comprehensive overview normal respiratory physiology documented according research healthy humans. review focuses on implications respiratory, cardiovascular, cardiorespiratory autonomic nervous systems, with particular focus diaphragm activity, ventilation efficiency, haemodynamics, heart rate variability, coupling, sinus arrhythmia sympathovagal balance. ends brief discussion potential clinical techniques. topic that warrants further research, understanding discussion.Slow gained popularity western benefits, yet remain relatively untouched by medical community.Investigations uncovered significant systems.Key findings include muscle chemoreflex baroreflex sensitivity, blood flow dynamics, arrhythmia, balance.There appears be for use controlled as means optimising parameters appear associated longevity, may extend disease states; however, there dire need area.To human humans.To discuss evidence hypotheses regarding mechanisms definition what constitute "autonomically optimised respiration".To open research.

Language: Английский

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The hierarchical basis of neurovisceral integration

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 75, P. 274 - 296

Published: Feb. 8, 2017

Language: Английский

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How heart rate variability affects emotion regulation brain networks

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 19, P. 98 - 104

Published: Jan. 8, 2018

Language: Английский

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Pathophysiologic relationship between Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular disease, and cardiovascular risk: A review and synthesis

Alzheimer s & Dementia Diagnosis Assessment & Disease Monitoring, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 69 - 87

Published: Jan. 1, 2017

Abstract As the population ages due to demographic trends and gains in life expectancy, incidence prevalence of dementia increases, need understand etiology pathogenesis becomes ever more urgent. Alzheimer's disease (AD), most common form dementia, is a complex disease, mechanisms which are poorly understood. The we learn about AD, questions raised our current conceptual models disease. In absence cure or means by slow progress, it may be prudent apply knowledge intersection between cardiovascular cerebrovascular foster efforts delay onset AD. This review discusses understanding epidemiology, genetics, pathophysiology AD vascular causes proposes future directions for research prevention.

Language: Английский

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Loneliness, Social Isolation, and Cardiovascular Health

Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 28(9), P. 837 - 851

Published: Oct. 23, 2017

Social and demographic changes have led to an increased prevalence of loneliness social isolation in modern society. Recent Advances: Population-based studies demonstrated that both objective the perception (loneliness) are correlated with a higher risk mortality clearly factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lonely individuals peripheral vascular resistance elevated blood pressure. Socially isolated animals develop more atherosclerosis than those housed groups.Molecular mechanisms responsible poorly understood. In recent reports, stress were associated activation hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis sympathetic nervous system. Repeated chronic leads glucocorticoid resistance, enhanced myelopoiesis, upregulated proinflammatory gene expression, oxidative stress. However, causal role these development loneliness-associated CVD remains unclear.Elucidation molecular how is induced by requires additional studies. Understanding pathomechanisms essential therapeutic strategies prevent detrimental effects on health. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 837-851.

Language: Английский

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A meta-analysis of heart rate variability in major depression

Psychological Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 49(12), P. 1948 - 1957

Published: June 26, 2019

Abstract Background Major depression (MD) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Reduced heart rate variability (HRV) has been observed in MD. Given the predictive value of HRV health, reduced might be one physiological that mediates this association. Methods The purpose study was to provide up-to-date random-effects meta-analyses studies which compare resting-state measures between unmedicated adults with MD and controls. Database search considered English German literature July 2018. Results A total 21 including 2250 patients 1982 controls were extracted. Significant differences found (i) frequency domains such as HF-HRV [Hedges' g = −0.318; 95% CI (−0.388 −0.247)], LF-HRV (Hedges' −0.195; (−0.332 −0.059)], LF/HF-HRV 0.195; (0.086–0.303)] VLF-HRV −0.096; (−0.179 −0.013)), (ii) time-domains IBI −0.163; (−0.304 −0.022)], RMSSD −0.462; (−0.612 −0.312)] SDNN −0.266; (−0.431 −0.100)]. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate all HRV-measures lower than healthy thus strengthens evidence potential these patients.

Language: Английский

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Developmental Trajectories of Early Life Stress and Trauma: A Narrative Review on Neurobiological Aspects Beyond Stress System Dysregulation

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: March 11, 2019

Early life stressors display a high universal prevalence and constitute major public health problem. Prolonged psychoneurobiological alterations as sequelae of early stress (ELS) could represent developmental risk factor mediate for disease, leading to higher physical mental morbidity rates in later life. ELS exert programming effect on sensitive neuronal brain networks related the response during critical periods development thus lead enduring hyper- or hypo-activation system altered glucocorticoid signaling. In addition, emotional autonomic reactivity, circadian rhythm disruption, functional structural changes brain, well immune metabolic dysregulation have been lately identified important factors chronically impaired homeostatic balance after ELS. Furthermore, human genetic background epigenetic modifications through stress-related gene expression interact with these explain inter-individual variation vulnerability resilience stress. This narrative review presents relevant evidence from mainly research ten most acknowledged neurobiological allostatic pathways exerting adverse effects even decades (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, nervous system, inflammation, oxidative stress, cardiovascular gut microbiome, sleep genetics, epigenetics, structural, correlates). Although findings back causal relation between psychobiological maladjustment life, precise trajectories their temporal coincidence has not elucidated yet. Future studies should prospectively investigate putative mediators sequence, while considering potentially delayed time-frame phenotypical expression. Better screening strategies are needed better individual prevention treatment.

Language: Английский

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Mindfulness meditation, well-being, and heart rate variability: A preliminary investigation into the impact of intensive Vipassana meditation

International Journal of Psychophysiology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 89(3), P. 305 - 313

Published: June 22, 2013

Language: Английский

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Tracking Depression Dynamics in College Students Using Mobile Phone and Wearable Sensing

Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 1 - 26

Published: March 26, 2018

There are rising rates of depression on college campuses. Mental health services our campuses working at full stretch. In response researchers have proposed using mobile sensing for continuous mental assessment. Existing work understanding the relationship between and depression, however, focuses generic behavioral features that do not map to major depressive disorder symptoms defined in standard disorders diagnostic manual (DSM-5). We propose a new approach predicting passive data from students' smartphones wearables. set

Language: Английский

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