Social isolation, social support and loneliness as predictors of cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality DOI Creative Commons
Rosanne Freak‐Poli, Joanne Ryan, Franz‐Josef Neumann

et al.

BMC Geriatrics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2021

Abstract Background Poor social health is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent research suggests that different domains should be considered separately as the implications for and possible interventions may differ. Aim To assess isolation, low support loneliness predictors CVD. Methods Secondary analysis 11,486 community-dwelling, Australians, aged 70 years over, free CVD, dementia, or significant physical disability, from ASPirin in Reducing Events Elderly (ASPREE) trial. Social (Revised Lubben Network Scale), were assessed CVD using Cox proportional-hazard regression. events included fatal heart failure hospitalization, myocardial infarction stroke. Analyses adjusted established factors. Results Individuals poor 42 % more likely to develop (p = 0.01) twice die 0.02) over a median 4.5 follow-up. Interaction effects indicated poorer strongly predicted smokers (HR 4.83, p 0.001, p-interaction 0.01), major city dwellers 1.94, < p-interaction=0.03), younger older adults (70-75 years; HR 2.12, 0.01). isolation 1.66, 0.04) 2.05, 0.002), but not 1.4, 0.1), incident All measures ischemic stroke 1.73 3.16). Conclusions Among healthy adults, important than future prediction models.

Language: Английский

COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system: implications for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment options DOI Creative Commons
Tomasz J. Guzik, Saidi Mohiddin, Anthony Dimarco

et al.

Cardiovascular Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 116(10), P. 1666 - 1687

Published: April 14, 2020

Abstract The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, caused by SARS-CoV-2, represents the greatest medical challenge in decades. We provide a comprehensive review of clinical course COVID-19, its comorbidities, and mechanistic considerations for future therapies. While COVID-19 primarily affects lungs, causing interstitial pneumonitis severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), it also multiple organs, particularly cardiovascular system. Risk infection mortality increase with advancing age male sex. Mortality is increased comorbidities: disease, hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary cancer. most common complications include arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachyarrhythmia, fibrillation), cardiac injury [elevated highly sensitive troponin I (hs-cTnI) creatine kinase (CK) levels], fulminant myocarditis, heart failure, embolism, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Mechanistically, following proteolytic cleavage S protein serine protease, binds to transmembrane angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) —a homologue ACE—to enter type pneumocytes, macrophages, perivascular pericytes, cardiomyocytes. This may lead myocardial dysfunction damage, endothelial dysfunction, microvascular plaque instability, infarction (MI). ACE2 essential viral invasion, there no evidence that ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) worsen prognosis. Hence, patients should not discontinue their use. Moreover, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) might be beneficial COVID-19. Initial immune inflammatory responses induce cytokine storm [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-7, IL-22, IL-17, etc.] during rapid progression phase Early evaluation continued monitoring damage (cTnI NT-proBNP) (D-dimer) after hospitalization identify predict complications. Preventive measures (social distancing social isolation) risk. Cardiovascular therapies currently used, including remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, ribavirin, interferons, lopinavir/ritonavir, as well experimental therapies, such human recombinant (rhACE2), are discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

1397
Loneliness and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic DOI Creative Commons
Tzung‐Jeng Hwang, Kiran Rabheru, Carmelle Peisah

et al.

International Psychogeriatrics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 32(10), P. 1217 - 1220

Published: May 26, 2020

An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to content, full HTML content provided on page. A PDF of also in through the 'Save PDF' action button.

Language: Английский

Citations

889
Transportation noise pollution and cardiovascular disease DOI

Thomas Münzel,

Mette Sørensen, Andreas Daiber

et al.

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(9), P. 619 - 636

Published: March 31, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

370
Are loneliness and social isolation associated with cognitive decline? DOI
Elvira Lara, Francisco Félix Caballero, Laura Alejandra Rico‐Uribe

et al.

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 34(11), P. 1613 - 1622

Published: July 15, 2019

Objective This study aimed to examine the association of loneliness and social isolation on cognition over a 3‐year follow‐up period in middle‐ older‐aged adults. Methods Data from Spanish nationally representative sample were analyzed (n = 1691; aged 50 years or older). Loneliness, isolation, (immediate recall, delayed verbal fluency, forward digit span, backward composite cognitive score) assessed both at baseline follow‐up. Adjusted generalized estimating equations models performed. Results Loneliness was significantly associated with lower scores score, immediate span ( B −0.14 −3.16; P < .05) more rapid decline two out six tests. Higher −0.06 −0.85; .05). The effect remained significant after exclusion individuals depression. Conclusions Both are decreased function period. development interventions that include enhancement participation maintenance emotionally supportive relationships might contribute prevention risk reduction.

Language: Английский

Citations

336
Effects of gaseous and solid constituents of air pollution on endothelial function DOI Creative Commons

Thomas Münzel,

Tommaso Gori, Sadeer Al‐Kindi

et al.

European Heart Journal, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 39(38), P. 3543 - 3550

Published: July 25, 2018

Ambient air pollution is a leading cause of non-communicable disease globally. The largest proportion deaths and morbidity due to now known be cardiovascular disorders. Several particulate gaseous pollutants can trigger acute events (e.g. myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure). While the mechanisms by which undergoing continual refinement, preponderant evidence support rapid effects diversity including all course, fine, ultrafine particles) such as ozone, on vascular function. Indeed alterations in endothelial function seem critically important transducing signals eventually promoting disorders hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis. Here, we provide an updated overview impact from human animal studies. for causal mechanistic pathways both studies that various hypothesized general their individual collective highlighted. We also discuss current gaps knowledge trials evaluating personal-level strategies reduce exposure fine matter (PM2.5) function, given lack definitive randomized using hard endpoints. conclude exhortation formal inclusion major risk factor societal guidelines provision recommendations prevent adverse attributable pollution.

Language: Английский

Citations

326
Understanding loneliness in the twenty-first century: an update on correlates, risk factors, and potential solutions DOI
Michelle H. Lim, Robert Eres, Shradha Vasan

et al.

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 55(7), P. 793 - 810

Published: June 10, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

318
Loneliness in the Modern Age: An Evolutionary Theory of Loneliness (ETL) DOI
John T. Cacioppo, Stephanie Cacioppo

Advances in experimental social psychology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 127 - 197

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

313
Neurobiology and consequences of social isolation stress in animal model—A comprehensive review DOI

Faiza Mumtaz,

Muhammad Imran Khan, Muhammad Zubair

et al.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 105, P. 1205 - 1222

Published: June 22, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

306
The effects of social isolation on well-being and life satisfaction during pandemic DOI Creative Commons
Ruta Clair,

Maya K. Gordon,

Matthew Kroon

et al.

Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 27, 2021

Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic placed many locations under ‘stay at home” orders and adults simultaneously underwent a form of social isolation that is unprecedented in the modern world. Perceived can have significant effect on health well-being. Further, one live with others still experience perceived isolation. However, there limited research psychological well-being during pandemic. In addition, much to older adult samples. This study examined effects across age span. Specifically, this documented prevalence COVID-19 as well various factors contribute individuals all ages feeling more or less isolated while they are required maintain physical distancing for an extended period time. Survey data was collected from 309 who ranged 18 84. measure consisted 42 item survey Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, Measures Social Isolation (Zavaleta et al., 2017), items specifically about demographics. Items included both Likert scale open-ended questions. A “snowball” collection process used build sample. While entire sample reported least some isolation, young highest levels χ 2 (2) = 27.36, p < 0.001. associated poor life satisfaction domains, work-related stress, lower trust institutions. Higher substance use coping strategy also related higher Respondents reporting subjective personal risk has negative consequences

Language: Английский

Citations

285
Does loneliness contribute to mild cognitive impairment and dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies DOI
Elvira Lara, Natalia Martín‐María, Alejandro de la Torre‐Luque

et al.

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 52, P. 7 - 16

Published: March 23, 2019

Language: Английский

Citations

273