Trait-Anxiety and Belief Updating: Exploring the predictions of the negativity bias and contrast avoidance model.

Published: June 8, 2023

Beliefs play a crucial role in shaping our behaviors and mental-health outcomes. Asymmetric belief updating refers to the phenomenon where desirable information is updated more readily than undesirable information. An essential feature of anxiety threat-overestimation tendency focus on negative aspects experience while avoiding sharp emotional contrasts. These two characteristics lead different predictions concerning updating. One scenario would suggest reduction asymmetric update behavior, indicating negativity bias, other indicate an increase update, contrast avoidance. To test these rival predictions, participants (n = 44) first completed trait-measures then performed task. Moreover, memory for presented was assessed short-term long-term. Skin conductance response measured assess arousal levels during Overall, findings revealed that higher trait-anxiety predicted greater integration but not In contrast, trait-intolerance uncertainty did exhibit association with behavior. were associated trait-measures. We discuss results line Contrast Avoidance Model anxiety, terms avoidance unexpected positive induced by relief

Language: Английский

Can glucose facilitate fear exposure? Randomized, placebo-controlled trials on the effects of glucose administration on fear extinction processes

Published: Dec. 4, 2023

Previous studies showed that glucose has beneficial effects on memory function and can enhance contextual fear learning. To derive potential therapeutic interventions, further research is needed regarding the of extinction. In two experimental with healthy participants (Study 1: N=68, 39 females; Study 2: N=89, 67 females), we investigated extinction learning its consolidation. Participants completed a differential conditioning paradigm consisting acquisition, extinction, return tests: reinstatement, recall. US-expectancy ratings, skin conductance response (SCR), potentiated startle (FPS) were collected. pseudorandomized double-blinded to one conditions: They received either drink containing or saccharine 20 minutes before 1) immediately after 2). The group significantly stronger decrease in FPS during recall Additionally, lower anxiety at test reinstatement Our findings provide first evidence supports process particular consolidation memory, thus as adjuvant extinction-based treatments.

Language: Английский

Neural and psychophysiological markers of intolerance of uncertainty

Published: Dec. 17, 2022

Editorial/Preface for the Special Issue: Neural and psychophysiological markers of intolerance uncertainty

Language: Английский