Simulating the Potential Impacts of COVID-19 School Closures on Schooling and Learning Outcomes: A Set of Global Estimates DOI Creative Commons

Diana Goldemberg,

João Pedro Azevedo,

Syedah Aroob Iqbal

et al.

World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 1, 2020

School closures due to COVID-19 have left more than a billion students out of school. This paper presents the results simulations considering three, five and seven months school closure different levels mitigation effectiveness resulting in optimistic, intermediate pessimistic global scenarios. Using data on 157 countries, analysis finds that level schooling learning will fall. could result loss between 0.3 0.9 years adjusted for quality, bringing down effective basic achieve during their lifetime from 7.9 7.0 7.6 years. Close 7 million primary up secondary education drop income shock pandemic alone. Students current cohort could, average, face reduction $355, $872, or $1,408 yearly earnings. In present value terms, this amounts $6,472 $25,680 dollars lost earnings over typical student's lifetime. Exclusion inequality likely be exacerbated if already marginalized vulnerable groups, like girls, ethnic minorities, persons with disabilities, are adversely affected by closures. Globally, shutdown 5 generate losses $10 trillion. By measure, world stand lose as much 16 percent investments governments make students. The thus substantial setback achieving goal halving percentage poor unable meet 2030 unless drastic remedial action is taken.

Language: Английский

Medical and Surgical Education Challenges and Innovations in the COVID-19 Era: A Systematic Review DOI Open Access
Aikaterini Dedeilia, Marinos G. Sotiropoulos, John Hanrahan

et al.

In Vivo, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 34(3 suppl), P. 1603 - 1611

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

The aim of this systematic review was to identify the challenges imposed on medical and surgical education by COVID-19 pandemic, proposed innovations enabling continuation student resident training. A MEDLINE EMBASE databases performed April 18th, 2020, yielded 1288 articles. Sixty-one included manuscripts were synthesized in a qualitative description focused two major axes, "challenges" "innovative solutions", minor "mental health" "medical students frontlines". Shortage personal protective equipment, suspension clinical clerkships observerships reduction elective cases unavoidably affect education. Interesting solutions involving use virtual learning, videoconferencing, social media telemedicine could effectively tackle sudden cease Furthermore, trainee's mental health should be safeguarded, can involved treatment if needed.

Language: Английский

Citations

626
The impact of COVID-19 on emerging stock markets DOI Open Access
Mert Topçu, Ömer Serkan GÜLAL

Finance research letters, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 101691 - 101691

Published: July 10, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

614
The Natural History, Pathobiology, and Clinical Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Infections DOI Creative Commons
Jatin Machhi, Jonathan Herskovitz,

Ahmed M. Senan

et al.

Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 359 - 386

Published: July 21, 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2, a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus with epithelial cell and system proclivity. Like its predecessor, SARS-CoV, COVID-19 can lead to life-threatening disease. Due wide geographic impact affecting an extremely high proportion world population it was defined by World Health Organization as global public health pandemic. The infection known readily spread from person-to-person. This occurs through liquid droplets cough, sneeze, hand-to-mouth-to-eye contact contaminated hard surfaces. Close human proximity accelerates SARS-CoV-2 spread. systemic that move beyond lungs blood-based dissemination affect multiple organs. These organs include kidney, liver, muscles, nervous system, spleen. primary cause mortality distress initiated alveolar macrophage activation in lungs. early cell-based portal for viral entry angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor. Viral origins are zoonotic genomic linkages bat coronaviruses but without identifiable intermediate animal reservoir. There currently few therapeutic options, while many being tested, although none effective curtailing death rates. no available vaccine yet. Intense efforts have targeted research into better understanding epidemiology, molecular biology, pharmacology, pathobiology SARS-CoV-2. fields study will provide insights directed this outbreak intense international impact. Graphical Abstract.

Language: Английский

Citations

596
Is the lockdown important to prevent the COVID-19 pandemic? Effects on psychology, environment and economy-perspective DOI Open Access
Abdülkadir Atalan

Annals of Medicine and Surgery, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 56, P. 38 - 42

Published: June 14, 2020

COVID-19's daily increasing cases and deaths have led to worldwide lockdown, quarantine some restrictions. This study aims analyze the effect of lockdown days on spread coronavirus in countries. COVID-19 data were collected for 49 countries that implemented between certain dates (without interruption). The correlation tests used analysis based unconstrained (normal) constrained (Tukey-lambda). was significantly correlated with pandemic (r = −0.9126, F-ratio 6.1654; t-ratio 2.40; prob > .0203 observations) Tukey-lambda 0.7402, λ 0.14). one social isolation restrictions, has been observed prevent pandemic, showed virus can be reduced by this preventive restriction study. offers initial evidence suppressed a lockdown. application governments is also thought effective psychology, environment economy besides having impact Covid-19.

Language: Английский

Citations

581
Timing of State and Territorial COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders and Changes in Population Movement — United States, March 1–May 31, 2020 DOI Open Access

Amanda Moreland,

Christine Herlihy, Michael A. Tynan

et al.

MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 69(35), P. 1198 - 1203

Published: Sept. 3, 2020

SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 , is thought to spread from person primarily by respiratory route and mainly through close contact (1).Community mitigation strategies can lower risk for transmission limiting or preventing personto-person interactions (2).U.S. states territories began implementing various community policies in March 2020.One widely implemented strategy was issuance of orders requiring persons stay home, resulting decreased population movement some jurisdictions (3).Each state territory has authority enact its own laws protect public's health, varied type timing issued related stay-at-home requirements.To identify broader impact these stay-athome orders, using publicly accessible, anonymized location data mobile devices, CDC Georgia Tech Research Institute analyzed changes relative during 1-May 31, 2020, all 50 states, District Columbia, five U.S. territories.*During this period, 42 mandatory orders.When counties subject state-and territory-issued were stratified along rural-urban categories, significantly preorder baseline strata.Mandatory stayat-home help reduce activities associated with COVID-19, including person-to-person outside household.Data on territorial obtained government websites containing executive administrative press releases each jurisdiction.Each order coded into one mutually exclusive categories: 1) persons; 2) only certain areas jurisdiction; 3) at increased 4) 5) advisory recommendation (i.e., nonmandatory).

Language: Английский

Citations

569
Impact of COVID-19 on the social, economic, environmental and energy domains: Lessons learnt from a global pandemic DOI Open Access

M. Mofijur,

I.M. Rizwanul Fattah, Md. Asraful Alam

et al.

Sustainable Production and Consumption, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26, P. 343 - 359

Published: Oct. 14, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

561
Depression, Anxiety and Stress Among Indians in Times of Covid-19 Lockdown DOI Creative Commons
Usama Rehman, Mohammad Shahnawaz, Neda Haseeb Khan

et al.

Community Mental Health Journal, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 57(1), P. 42 - 48

Published: June 23, 2020

Covid-19 has caused significant distress around the globe. Apart from evident physical symptoms in infected cases, it serious damage to public mental health. India, like other countries, implemented a nationwide lockdown contain and curb transmission of virus. The current research is an attempt explore psychological among people residing India during lockdown. Four hundred three participants were asked complete questionnaire with questions depression, anxiety, stress, family affluence. results indicated that who do not have enough supplies sustain most affected, affluence was found be negatively correlated depression. Among different professions, students healthcare professionals experience depression more than others. Despite situation, normal ranges for health highlighting their capabilities remain times distress. Policymakers authorities may take assistance help overcome issues related Covid-19.

Language: Английский

Citations

552
Antivirus-built environment: Lessons learned from Covid-19 pandemic DOI Open Access
Naglaa A. Megahed,

Ehab M. Ghoneim

Sustainable Cities and Society, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 61, P. 102350 - 102350

Published: June 24, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

550
COVID-19 implications on household income and food security in Kenya and Uganda: Findings from a rapid assessment DOI Creative Commons
Monica K. Kansiime, Justice A. Tambo, Idah Mugambi

et al.

World Development, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 137, P. 105199 - 105199

Published: Sept. 18, 2020

This study assessed implications of the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic on household income and food security in two East African countries - Kenya Uganda, using online survey data from 442 respondents. Results show that more than two-thirds respondents experienced shocks due to COVID-19 crisis. Food dietary quality worsened, as measured by insecurity experience scale frequency consumption nutritionally-rich foods. The proportion insecure increased 38% 44% Uganda respectively, both countries, regular fruits decreased about 30% during pandemic, compared a normal period (before pandemic). probit regressions income-poor households those dependent labour were vulnerable shock, had poorer other respondent categories. As such, they likely employ food-based coping strategies pursuing alternative livelihoods, who generally relied savings. Farmers less worsened categories depended great extent market sources for food. In participation national social schemes was mitigate respondents' shock period. Conversely, membership savings loan groups correlated with likelihood suffering reduction consumption. results suggest ongoing future government responses should focus structural changes developing responsive packages cushion members pushed into poverty such pandemics while building strong financial institutions support recovery businesses medium term, ensuring resilience supply chains particularly making available nutrient-dense

Language: Английский

Citations

545
Hospitality and tourism industry amid COVID-19 pandemic: Perspectives on challenges and learnings from India DOI Open Access
Vikrant Kaushal, Sidharth Srivastava

International Journal of Hospitality Management, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 92, P. 102707 - 102707

Published: Oct. 1, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

531