Full efficacy and long-term immunogenicity induced by the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate MVA-CoV2-S in mice DOI Creative Commons

Adrián Lázaro-Frías,

Patricia Pérez, Carmen Zamora

et al.

npj Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Feb. 9, 2022

Two doses of the MVA-CoV2-S vaccine candidate expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein protected K18-hACE2 transgenic mice from a lethal dose SARS-CoV-2. This vaccination regimen prevented virus replication in lungs, reduced lung pathology, and diminished levels pro-inflammatory cytokines. High titers IgG antibodies against S receptor-binding domain (RBD) proteins neutralizing were induced parental variants concern, markers that correlated with protection. Similar SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses observed at prechallenge postchallenge two-dose regimen, while single-dose treatment does not avoid breakthrough infection. All vaccinated animals survived infection also to reinfection. Furthermore, two long-term memory S-specific humoral cellular immune C57BL/6 mice, 6 months after immunization. The efficacy immunological benefits COVID-19 supports its consideration for human clinical trials.

Language: Английский

Obesity and Leptin Resistance in the Regulation of the Type I Interferon Early Response and the Increased Risk for Severe COVID-19 DOI Open Access
Frits A.J. Muskiet, Pedro Carrera‐Bastos, Leo Pruimboom

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 1388 - 1388

Published: March 26, 2022

Obesity, and obesity-associated conditions such as hypertension, chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular are important risk factors for severe Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The common denominator is metaflammation, a portmanteau of metabolism inflammation, which characterized by chronically elevated levels leptin pro-inflammatory cytokines. These induce the “Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 1 3” (SOCS1/3), deactivates receptor also other SOCS1/3 sensitive cytokine receptors in immune cells, impairing I III interferon early responses. By upregulating SOCS1/3, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV)-2 adds significant boost to this. ensuing consequence delayed but over-reactive response, high-grade inflammation (e.g., storm), endothelial damage, hypercoagulation, thus leading COVID-19. Superimposing an acute disturbance, SARS-CoV-2 infection, on metaflammation severely tests resilience. In long run, causes “typical western” associated with metabolic syndrome. COVID-19 serious infectious diseases can be added list its short-term consequences. Therefore, preventive measures should include not only vaccination well-established actions intended avoid dietary lifestyle interventions aimed at improving body composition preventing or reversing metaflammation.

Language: Английский

Citations

32
Persistent Lung Injury and Prothrombotic State in Long COVID DOI Creative Commons
Mengqi Xiang, Haijiao Jing, Chengyue Wang

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 7, 2022

Lung injury may persist during the recovery period of COVID-19 as shown through imaging, six-minute walk, and lung function tests. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to long COVID have not been adequately explained. Our aim is investigate basis pulmonary susceptibility sequelae possibility that prothrombotic states influence long-term symptoms COVID-19. patient’s lungs remain vulnerable stage due persistent shedding virus, inflammatory environment, state, subsequent repair blood-air barrier. transformation inflammation proliferation fibrosis, hypoxia-involved vascular remodeling, endothelial cell damage, phosphatidylserine-involved hypercoagulability, continuous changes in serological markers all contribute post-discharge injury. Considering important role microthrombus arteriovenous thrombus process functional lesions organic lesions, we further study states, including activation affect COVID. Early use combined anticoagulant antiplatelet therapy a promising approach reduce incidence sequelae. Essentially, early treatment can block occurrence thrombotic events. Because impeded circulation causes large pressure imbalances over alveolar membrane infiltration plasma into cavity, inhibition events prevent hypertension, formation hyaline membranes, consolidation.

Language: Английский

Citations

31
Mechanisms of long COVID: An updated review DOI Creative Commons
Yan Liu, Xiaoying Gu, Haibo Li

et al.

Chinese Medical Journal - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1(4), P. 231 - 240

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been ongoing for more than 3 years, with an enormous impact on global health and economies. In some patients, symptoms signs may remain after recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which cannot be explained by alternate diagnosis; this condition defined as long COVID. Long COVID exist in patients both mild is prevalent infection different SARS-CoV-2 variants. most common include fatigue, dyspnea, other involving multiple organs. Vaccination results lower rates of To date, the mechanisms unclear. narrative review, we summarized clinical presentations current evidence regarding pathogenesis

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Development of humoral and cellular immunological memory against SARS-CoV-2 despite B cell depleting treatment in multiple sclerosis DOI Creative Commons
Klara Asplund Högelin, Nicolas Ruffin, Elisa Pin

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 103078 - 103078

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

B cell depleting therapies (BCDTs) are widely used as immunomodulating agents for autoimmune diseases such multiple sclerosis. Their possible impact on development of immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has raised concerns with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We here evaluated frequency COVID-19-like symptoms and determined immunological responses in participants an observational trial comprising several sclerosis modulatory drugs (COMBAT-MS; NCT03193866) eleven patients after vaccination, a focus BCDT. Almost all seropositive 17.9% seronegative BCDT, enriched history symptoms, developed anti-SARS-CoV-2 T memory, cells displayed functional similarity controls producing IFN-γ TNF. Following vaccine-specific humoral memory was impaired, while specific response. These results indicate that BCDTs do not abrogate SARS-CoV-2 cellular provide explanation why majority recover from COVID-19.

Language: Английский

Citations

39
Full efficacy and long-term immunogenicity induced by the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate MVA-CoV2-S in mice DOI Creative Commons

Adrián Lázaro-Frías,

Patricia Pérez, Carmen Zamora

et al.

npj Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Feb. 9, 2022

Two doses of the MVA-CoV2-S vaccine candidate expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein protected K18-hACE2 transgenic mice from a lethal dose SARS-CoV-2. This vaccination regimen prevented virus replication in lungs, reduced lung pathology, and diminished levels pro-inflammatory cytokines. High titers IgG antibodies against S receptor-binding domain (RBD) proteins neutralizing were induced parental variants concern, markers that correlated with protection. Similar SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses observed at prechallenge postchallenge two-dose regimen, while single-dose treatment does not avoid breakthrough infection. All vaccinated animals survived infection also to reinfection. Furthermore, two long-term memory S-specific humoral cellular immune C57BL/6 mice, 6 months after immunization. The efficacy immunological benefits COVID-19 supports its consideration for human clinical trials.

Language: Английский

Citations

27