Robust induction of B cell and T cell responses by a third dose of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine DOI Creative Commons
Yihao Liu,

Qin Zeng,

Caiguanxi Deng

et al.

Cell Discovery, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2022

SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccines have shown remarkable efficacy in clinical trials, especially reducing severe illness and casualty. However, the waning of humoral immunity over time has raised concern durability immune memory following vaccination. Thus, we conducted a nonrandomized trial among healthcare workers (HCWs) to investigate long-term sustainability SARS-CoV-2-specific B cells T stimulated by potential need for third booster dose. Although neutralizing antibodies elicited standard two-dose vaccination schedule dropped from peak 29.3 arbitrary units (AU)/mL 8.8 AU/mL 5 months after second vaccination, spike-specific were still detectable, forming basis quick recall response. As expected, faded response was vigorously elevated 63.6 7.2 folds 1 week dose along with abundant circulating follicular helper parallel. Meanwhile, CD4

Language: Английский

Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine through 6 Months DOI Open Access
Stephen J. Thomas, Edson Duarte Moreira, Nicholas Kitchin

et al.

New England Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 385(19), P. 1761 - 1773

Published: Sept. 15, 2021

BNT162b2 is a lipid nanoparticle-formulated, nucleoside-modified RNA vaccine encoding prefusion-stabilized, membrane-anchored severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) full-length spike protein. highly efficacious against disease 2019 (Covid-19) and currently approved, conditionally or authorized for emergency use worldwide. At the time of initial authorization, data beyond months after vaccination were unavailable.In an ongoing, placebo-controlled, observer-blinded, multinational, pivotal efficacy trial, we randomly assigned 44,165 participants 16 years age older 2264 12 to 15 receive two 30-μg doses, at 21 days apart, placebo. The trial end points laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 safety, which both evaluated through 6 vaccination.BNT162b2 continued be safe have acceptable adverse-event profile. Few had adverse events leading withdrawal from trial. Vaccine was 91.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 89.0 93.2) follow-up among without evidence previous SARS-CoV-2 infection who could evaluated. There gradual decline in efficacy. 86 100% seen across countries populations with diverse ages, sexes, race ethnic groups, risk factors SARS-CoV-2. 96.7% CI, 80.3 99.9). In South Africa, where variant concern B.1.351 (or beta) predominant, 53.5 100) observed.Through despite efficacy, favorable safety profile preventing Covid-19. (Funded by BioNTech Pfizer; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04368728.).

Language: Английский

Citations

897
mRNA vaccines induce durable immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern DOI Creative Commons
Rishi R. Goel, Mark M. Painter, Sokratis A. Apostolidis

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 374(6572)

Published: Oct. 15, 2021

Immune memory after vaccination Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has proven highly effective at preventing COVID-19. However, the evolution of viral variants, and waning antibody levels over time, raise questions regarding longevity vaccine-induced immune protection. Goel et al . examined B T lymphocyte responses in individuals who received SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccines. They performed a 6-month longitudinal study never had infection compared with people recovered from SARS-CoV-2. Humoral cellular was observed vaccinated individuals, as were functional Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Delta (B.1.617.2) variants. Analysis cell activity suggested that robust may prevent hospitalization by limiting development disease. —PNK

Language: Английский

Citations

807
Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of BNT162b2 booster in ChAdOx1-S-primed participants (CombiVacS): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial DOI Creative Commons
Alberto M. Borobia, Antonio J. Carcas, Mayte Pérez‐Olmeda

et al.

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 398(10295), P. 121 - 130

Published: June 25, 2021

BackgroundTo date, no immunological data on COVID-19 heterologous vaccination schedules in humans have been reported. We assessed the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of BNT162b2 (Comirnaty, BioNTech, Mainz, Germany) administered as second dose participants primed with ChAdOx1-S (Vaxzevria, AstraZeneca, Oxford, UK).MethodsWe did a phase 2, open-label, randomised, controlled trial adults aged 18–60 years, vaccinated single 8–12 weeks before screening, history SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive either (0·3 mL) via intramuscular injection (intervention group) or continue observation (control group). The primary outcome was 14-day immunogenicity, measured by immunoassays for trimeric spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD). Antibody functionality using pseudovirus neutralisation assay, cellular immune response an interferon-γ immunoassay. safety 7-day reactogenicity, solicited local systemic adverse events. analysis included all who received at least one had efficacy evaluation after baseline. BNT162b2. This study is registered EudraCT (2021-001978-37) ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04860739), ongoing.FindingsBetween April 24 30, 2021, 676 individuals enrolled intervention group (n=450) control (n=226) five university hospitals Spain (mean age 44 years [SD 9]; 382 [57%] women 294 [43%] men). 663 (98%) (n=441 intervention, n=222 control) completed up day 14. In group, geometric mean titres RBD antibodies increased from 71·46 BAU/mL (95% CI 59·84–85·33) baseline 7756·68 (7371·53–8161·96) 14 (p<0·0001). IgG against 98·40 85·69–112·99) 3684·87 (3429·87–3958·83). interventional:control ratio 77·69 59·57–101·32) 36·41 (29·31–45·23) IgG. Reactions mild (n=1210 [68%]) moderate (n=530 [30%]), site pain (n=395 [88%]), induration (n=159 [35%]), headache (n=199 [44%]), myalgia (n=194 [43%]) most commonly reported No serious events reported.InterpretationBNT162b2 given prime induced robust response, acceptable manageable profile.FundingInstituto de Salud Carlos III.TranslationsFor French Spanish translations abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

Language: Английский

Citations

369
Rapid and stable mobilization of CD8+ T cells by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine DOI Creative Commons

Valerie Oberhardt,

Hendrik Luxenburger, Janine Kemming

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 597(7875), P. 268 - 273

Published: July 28, 2021

SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA vaccines

Language: Английский

Citations

350
Mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity to the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine DOI Open Access
Chunfeng Li, Audrey Lee, Lilit Grigoryan

et al.

Nature Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(4), P. 543 - 555

Published: March 14, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

340
Respiratory mucosal immunity against SARS-CoV-2 after mRNA vaccination DOI Creative Commons
Jinyi Tang, Cong Zeng,

Thomas M Cox

et al.

Science Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(76)

Published: July 19, 2022

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination induces robust humoral and cellular immunity in the circulation; however, it is currently unknown whether elicits effective immune responses respiratory tract, particularly against variants of concern (VOCs), including Omicron. We compared S-specific total neutralizing antibody responses, B T cell immunity, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) blood COVID-19-vaccinated individuals hospitalized patients. Vaccinated had significantly lower levels D614G, Delta (B.1.617.2), Omicron BA.1.1 BAL with COVID-19 convalescents despite blood. Furthermore, induced circulating but contrast to convalescents, these were absent vaccinated individuals. Using a mouse immunization model, we demonstrated that systemic alone weak mucosal especially mice; combination plus adenovirus-S strong not only ancestral virus also variant. Together, our study supports contention current vaccines are highly severe disease development, likely through recruiting during reinfection, offer limited protection breakthrough infection, by sublineage. Hence, booster needed establish sterilizing tract SARS-CoV-2, infection sublineage future VOCs.

Language: Английский

Citations

274
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination elicits a robust and persistent T follicular helper cell response in humans DOI Creative Commons
Philip A. Mudd, Anastasia A. Minervina, Mikhail V. Pogorelyy

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 185(4), P. 603 - 613.e15

Published: Dec. 23, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

256
Adenoviral vector vaccine platforms in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic DOI Creative Commons

Samir Andrade Mendonça,

Réka Lőrincz, Paul J. Rice-Boucher

et al.

npj Vaccines, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Aug. 5, 2021

Abstract Adenoviral vectors have been explored as vaccine agents for a range of infectious diseases, and their ability to induce potent balanced immune response made them logical candidates apply the COVID-19 pandemic. The unique molecular characteristics these enabled rapid development vaccines with advanced designs capable overcoming biological challenges faced by early adenoviral vector systems. These successes urgency situation resulted in flurry candidate from both academia industry. represent some lead currently supported Operation Warp Speed other government agencies translational development. This review details human clinical trials provides an overview new technologies employed design. As formed cornerstone global vaccination campaign, this full consideration impact emerging platform.

Language: Английский

Citations

253
Correlates of protection against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and COVID‐19 disease DOI
David Goldblatt, Galit Alter, Shane Crotty

et al.

Immunological Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 310(1), P. 6 - 26

Published: June 5, 2022

Antibodies against epitopes in S1 give the most accurate CoP infection by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Measurement of those antibodies neutralization or binding assays both have predictive value, with antibody titers giving highest statistical correlation. However, protective functions are multiple. multiple other than influence efficacy. The role cellular responses can be discerned respect to CD4

Language: Английский

Citations

244
Innate immune mechanisms of mRNA vaccines DOI Creative Commons
Rein Verbeke, Michael J. Hogan, Karin Loré

et al.

Immunity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 55(11), P. 1993 - 2005

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

243