medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 9, 2024
Abstract
Background
Heroin
and
other
opioid
use
disorders
(HUD
OUD)
cause
massive
public
health
morbidity
mortality.
Although
standard-of-care
medication
assisted
treatment
(MAT)
exists,
little
is
known
about
potential
predictors
of
change
during
recovery.
Recovery
can
include
normalization
the
brain’s
white
matter
(WM)
microstructure,
which
sensitive
to
cytokine
immune
signaling.
Here
we
aimed
determine
whether
blood-based
cytokine/immune
markers
predict
WM
microstructure
recovery
following
medication-assisted
treatment.
Methods
Inpatient
Individuals
with
HUD
(iHUD;
n=21)
healthy
controls
(HC;
n=24)
underwent
magnetic
resonance
scans
diffusion
tensor
imaging
(DTI)
provided
ratings
drug
cue-induced
craving,
arousal
valence
twice,
earlier
in
≈14
weeks
inpatient
MAT
(with
methadone
or
buprenorphine)
thereafter.
At
this
second
session
(MRI2),
they
also
a
peripheral
blood
sample
for
multiplex
relative
quantification
serum
proteins
proximity
extension
assay,
Olink).
We
explored
correlation
multi-target
biomarker
score
(based
on
principal
component
analysis
19
that
differed
significantly
between
iHUD
HC)
whole-brain
DTI
(ΔDTI;
MRI2
-
MRI1)
metrics
(fractional
anisotropy,
mean
diffusivity,
axial
diffusivity)
across
14
MAT.
Results
The
score,
obtained
at
stage,
was
correlated
ΔDTI
frontal,
fronto-parietal,
cortico-limbic
tracts
(e.g.,
including
genu
corpus
callosum,
anterior
corona
radiata,
others).
In
follow-up
analysis,
specific
cytokines
represented
such
as
interleukin
oncostatin
M
(OSM),
colony
stimulating
factor
(CSF21),
chemokine
CCL7
were
similar
iHUD,
but
not
HC.
Levels
(i.e.,
CCL19
CCL2)
negatively
craving
arousal.
Thus,
lower
levels
aforementioned
an
increase
two
stages
(MRI2
MRI1).
Conclusions
Studied
individual
targets,
are
highly
accessible
biomarkers
undergoing
Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 100480 - 100480
Published: March 1, 2025
Opioid
use
disorder
(OUD)
causes
major
public
health
morbidity
and
mortality.
Although
standard-of-care
treatment
with
medications
for
OUD
(MOUDs)
is
available,
there
are
few
biological
markers
of
the
clinical
process
recovery.
Neurobiological
aspects
recovery
can
include
normalization
brain
white
matter
(WM)
microstructure,
which
sensitive
to
cytokine
signaling.
Here,
we
determined
whether
blood-based
cytokines
be
change
in
WM
microstructure
following
MOUD.
Inpatient
individuals
heroin
(iHUDs)
(n
=
21)
methadone
or
buprenorphine
MOUD
underwent
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(MRI)
scans
diffusion
tensor
(DTI)
provided
ratings
drug
cue-induced
craving,
arousal,
valence
earlier
(MRI1)
≈14
weeks
thereafter
(MRI2).
Healthy
control
participants
(HCs)
24)
also
2
MRI
during
a
similar
time
interval.
At
MRI2,
peripheral
blood
sample
multiplex
quantification
serum
cytokines.
We
analyzed
correlation
multitarget
biomarker
score
(from
principal
component
analysis
19
that
differed
significantly
between
iHUDs
HCs)
treatment-related
DTI
metrics
(ΔDTI;
MRI2
-
MRI1).
The
was
negatively
correlated
ΔDTI
frontal,
frontoparietal,
corticolimbic
tracts
but
not
HCs.
Also,
levels
specific
score,
including
interleukin-related
oncostatin
M
(OSM),
similarly
Serum
other
were
changes
craving
arousal
iHUDs.
Specific
cytokines,
studied
alone
as
group,
may
serve
accessible
biomarkers
potential
undergoing
Science Translational Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(792)
Published: April 2, 2025
Reproducing
the
pathophysiology
of
human
multiple
sclerosis
(MS)
in
animal
models
is
critical
to
identifying
mechanisms
triggering
demyelination
and
developing
early
intervention
strategies.
Here,
we
aimed
model
overactivated
Wnt
(wingless-related
integration
site)
signaling
previously
shown
postmortem
brain
tissues
patients
with
MS
by
inducing
experimental
autoimmune
encephalomyelitis
(EAE)
Pdgfra
CreER
;Apc
fl/fl
Olig2
Cre
mice.
These
mice
have
oligodendrocyte
precursor
cells
(OPCs)
because
a
conditional
knockout
pathway
repressor
adenomatous
polyposis
coli
(APC).
EAE
exhibited
increased
expression
markers
for
activation
such
as
Axis
inhibition
protein
2
(AXIN2)
inhibitory
factor
1
(WIF1)
OPCs
showed
exacerbated
progression
both
spinal
cord
brain.
Genetic
or
antibody-mediated
ablation
CC-chemokine
ligand
4
(CCL4)
prevented
infiltration
CD4
+
T
arrested
disease
these
A
characterization
CNS
(central
nervous
system)
immune
cell
clusters
identified
an
augmented
subpopulation
NK1.1
CD11b
Gr-1
cytotoxic
macrophages
Microinjection
this
into
brains
wild-type
C57/B6J
was
sufficient
induce
demyelination.
Ablation
effects
overactivation
on
infiltration.
Antagonizing
chemokine
receptor
5
(CCR5)
using
European
Medicines
Agency–approved
drug,
maraviroc,
reduced
infiltration,
alleviated
demyelination,
attenuated
progression.
We
found
OPC-orchestrated
cellular
network
that
instigates
provides
insight
pathophysiology,
suggests
avenues
interventions.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: April 17, 2025
Monocytes
and
neutrophils
from
the
myeloid
lineage
contribute
to
multiple
sclerosis
(MS),
but
dynamics
of
myelopoiesis
during
MS
are
unclear.
Here
we
uncover
a
disease
stage-specific
relationship
between
lifestyle,
neuroinflammation.
In
mice
with
relapsing-remitting
experimental
autoimmune
encephalomyelitis
(RR-EAE),
in
femur,
vertebrae
spleen
is
elevated
prior
onset
remission,
preceding
peaks
clinical
disability
progressive
EAE
(P-EAE),
vertebral
rises
steadily
throughout
disease,
while
femur
splenic
early
before
waning
later
height.
parallel,
sleep
disruption
or
hyperlipidemia
cardiometabolic
syndrome
augment
M-CSF
generation
multi-organ
worsen
P-EAE
symptoms,
neuroinflammation,
spinal
cord
demyelination,
blockade
abrogating
these
symptoms.
Lastly,
results
previous
trial
show
that
Mediterranean
diet
restrains
myelopoietic
activity
progenitor
skewing
improves
symptomology
MS.
Together,
our
data
suggest
dynamic
dependent
on
stage
location,
lifestyle
factors
modulate
by
influencing
M-CSF-mediated
myelopoiesis.
Journal of Neuroinflammation,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: April 17, 2025
Mitochondrial
dynamics
in
neurons
accompanied
by
neuroinflammation
has
been
proved
as
pivotal
events
during
repeated
morphine
exposure,
however,
the
relationship
between
mitochondrial
and
still
remains
unknown.
This
study
was
designed
to
investigate
potential
role
of
astrocyte
Drp1
addiction.
Nucleus
accumbens
(NAc)
tissues
were
collected
for
immunofluorescence,
transmission
electron
microscopy
(TEM)
quantitative
real-time
polymerase
chain
reaction
(qRT-PCR)
detect
expression
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
fission
proteins.
Morphine-induced
conditioned
place
preference
(CPP)
open
field
test
(OFT)
used
determine
effects
Mdivi-1,
a
selective
inhibitor
protein
rewarding
properties
morphine.
Astrocyte-specific
knockdown
experiments
an
adeno-associated
virus
(AAV)
vector
containing
shRNADrp1-EGFP
infusion
performed
NAc
mice
with
treatment.
In
this
study,
we
found
that
exposure
induced
fragmentation
neurons,
astrocytes,
microglia
NAc,
correlating
increased
inflammatory
markers
addictive
behaviors.
The
application
Mdivi-1
effectively
mitigated
astrocyte-mediated
within
thereby
alleviating
morphine-induced
Crucially,
astrocyte-specific
significantly
curtailed
drug-seeking
behavior
substantially
reduced
neuroinflammation.
Collectively,
our
findings
suggest
alterations
dynamics,
particularly
play
important
regulating
associated
research
offers
novel
insights
into
therapeutic
strategies
addressing
substance
use
disorder
(SUD)
astrocyte.
Cell Communication and Signaling,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: May 3, 2024
Abstract
IL-3/STAT5
signaling
pathway
is
crucial
for
the
development
and
activation
of
immune
cells,
contributing
to
cellular
response
infections
inflammatory
stimuli.
Dysregulation
have
been
associated
with
autoimmune
diseases
characterized
by
cell
infiltration
organ
damage.
IL-3
receptor
α
(IL-3Rα)
specifically
binds
initiates
intracellular
signaling,
resulting
in
phosphorylation
STAT5.
However,
regulatory
mechanisms
IL-3Rα
remain
unclear.
Here,
we
identified
E3
ubiquitin
ligase
RNF128
as
a
negative
regulator
targeting
lysosomal
degradation.
was
shown
selectively
bind
IL-3Rα,
without
interacting
common
beta
chain
IL-3Rβ,
which
shares
subunit
GM-CSF.
The
deficiency
Rnf128
had
no
effect
on
GM-CSF-induced
Stat5,
but
it
resulted
heightened
Il-3-triggered
Stat5
increased
transcription
Id1
,
Pim1
Cd69
genes.
Furthermore,
found
that
promoted
K27-linked
polyubiquitination
activity-dependent
manner,
ultimately
facilitating
its
degradation
through
pathway.
inhibited
chemotaxis
macrophages
LPS
stimulation,
thereby
attenuating
excessive
responses.
Collectively,
these
results
reveal
negatively
regulates
IL-3Rα.
This
study
uncovers
novel
pathway,
providing
potential
molecular
targets
treatment
diseases.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: June 13, 2024
Interleukin
(IL)-3
has
long
been
known
for
its
hematopoietic
properties.
However,
recent
evidence
expanded
our
understanding
of
IL-3
function
by
identifying
as
a
critical
orchestrator
inflammation
in
wide
array
diseases.
Depending
on
the
type
disease,
course
inflammation,
cell
or
tissue
involved,
promotes
either
pathologic
resolution.
Here,
we
describe
cell-specific
functions
and
summarize
role
We
discuss
current
treatments
targeting
receptor,
highlight
potential
limitations
clinics.
NeuroImmune Pharmacology and Therapeutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
3(2), P. 71 - 95
Published: June 1, 2024
Abstract
Certain
diseases
such
as
Multiple
Sclerosis
(MS),
a
chronic
demyelinating
disease,
affect
more
women
than
men,
despite
males
appearing
to
be
predisposed
infections
and
malignancies.
X-linked
genes
contribute
increased
MS
susceptibility.
Currently,
an
immense
body
of
research
exists
that
explores
the
complexity
surrounding
underlying
risk
factors
for
development
including
X-chromosome-linked
inflammatory
processes.
Female–male
disparities
in
disease
susceptibility
have
been
found
at
both
gene
chromosomal
level.
Genes
CXORF21
DDX3X
can
escape
X-chromosome
inactivation
(XCI)
various
pathogenesis.
Additionally,
blocking
immune
cell
entry
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
major
impact
on
MS.
Prior
has
shown
cells
T
dendritic
(DCs)
infiltrate
CNS.
Due
persistent
tissue
stress,
these
may
induce
local
inflammation
autoimmunity,
subsequent
neurodegeneration,
onset
progression
Chemokines
are
signaling
proteins
which
regulate
leukocyte
trafficking
site
injury,
contributing
recruitment,
CNS
inflammation,
severity.
Some
chemokine
receptors
(CXCR3)
XCI.
This
review
provides
account
contribution
x-linked
relation
chemotaxis
myeloid
into
neuroinflammation.
The
XCI
expression
is
evaluated.
Collectively,
analyses
from
this
seek
advance
our
understanding
advocate
patient-specific
therapies.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 3, 2024
Abstract
Astrocyte‐microglia
crosstalk
is
vital
for
neuronal
survival
and
clearing
aggregate
accumulation
in
neurodegenerative
diseases.
While
interleukin‐3
(IL‐3)
has
been
reported
to
exert
both
protective
detrimental
effects
diseases,
however,
its
role
α‐synuclein
pathology
remains
unclear.
In
this
study,
it
found
that
astrocytic
IL‐3
microglial
IL‐3R
are
positively
responsive
the
brains
of
transgenic
A53T
Parkinson's
disease
(PD)
mice
an
adeno‐associated
virus
(AAV)‐human
(AAV‐
h
α‐Syn)‐injected
PD
mouse
model.
Exogenous
infusion
reduces
behavioral
abnormities
nigrostriatal
pathology.
Mechanistically,
induces
phagocytosis
pathological
while
simultaneously
stimulating
dopaminergic
(DA)
neurons
clear
via
induction
autophagy
through
IFN‐β/Irgm1
pathway.
Due
limited
efficiency
crossing
blood–brain
barrier,
a
precise
delivery
strategy
developed
by
cross‐linking
RVG29
with
PEG‐Linker
(RVG‐modified
nanogels—RVG‐IL3
NGs).
Intravenous
administration
RVG‐IL3
NGs
shows
efficient
uptake
microglia
DA
within
brain.
ameliorate
motor
deficits
improving
function
AAV‐
α‐Syn
model
PD.
Collectively,
may
represent
feasible
therapeutic
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 22, 2024
Abstract
Multiple
sclerosis
(MS)
is
characterized
by
neuroinflammation,
oxidative
stress,
iron
toxicity
and
mitochondrial
dysfunction.
Reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
produced
mononuclear
phagocytes
(MPs)
are
widely
held
to
drive
tissue
damage,
yet
the
specific
roles
of
central
nervous
system
(CNS)-
resident
versus
CNS-invading
MPs
remain
unclear.
Here,
combining
single-cell
profiling
with
conditional
gene
targeting,
we
systematically
dissected
interfered
ROS
production
across
CNS
in
a
preclinical
model
for
neuroinflammation.
We
show
that
monocyte
derived
cells
(MdCs)
exhibit
higher
stress
signature
produce
more
compared
CNS-resident
microglia.
While
NADPH
oxidase
2
(NOX2),
phagocytic
source
ROS,
proved
redundant,
our
findings
underscore
critical
role
(mtROS)
driving
damage.
Quenching
mtROS
through
mitocatalase
overexpression
MdCs,
but
not
microglia,
significantly
alleviated
neuroinflammation
mice.
Thus,
study
resolves
longstanding
controversy,
identifying
MdCs
as
primary
driver
ROS-mediated
neuropathology.