bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 29, 2024
SUMMARY
Tissue-resident
memory
T
(Trm)
cells
are
a
specialized
cell
population
that
resides
in
tissues
and
can
play
both
protective
pathogenic
role.
The
mechanism
enables
Trm
to
provide
rapid
response
while
restricting
their
function
homeostasis
remains
unclear.
Here,
we
show
human
mouse
CD4
+
exist
poised
state,
characterized
by
storage
of
proinflammatory
type-1
type-3
cytokine
mRNAs
without
protein
production.
In
steady-state
conditions,
mRNA
translation
is
suppressed
the
integrated
stress
(ISR)/eIF2α
pathway,
whereas
Trm-cell
activation
under
inflammatory
conditions
results
eIF2α
dephosphorylation,
leading
derepression
stored
granules.
Pharmacological
inhibition
dephosphorylation
resulted
reduced
production
from
cells,
ameliorated
autoimmune
kidney
disease
mice.
Consistent
with
these
results,
ISR
pathway
was
downregulated
patients
immune-mediated
diseases
intestine.
Our
identify
ISR/eIF2α-mediated
control
as
an
underlying
restricts
activity
but
also
promotes
upon
local
infection
or
reaction.
Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
35(11), P. 981 - 995
Published: May 4, 2024
Lipid-associated
macrophages
(LAMs)
are
phagocytic
cells
with
lipid-handling
capacity
identified
in
various
metabolic
derangements.
During
disease
development,
they
locate
to
atherosclerotic
plaques,
adipose
tissue
(AT)
of
individuals
obesity,
liver
lesions
steatosis
and
steatohepatitis,
the
intestinal
lamina
propria.
LAMs
can
also
emerge
metabolically
demanding
microenvironment
certain
tumors.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
major
questions
regarding
LAM
recruitment,
differentiation,
self-renewal,
and,
ultimately,
their
acute
chronic
functional
impact
on
development
diseases.
Further
studies
need
clarify
whether
under
which
circumstances
drive
progression
or
resolution
how
phenotype
be
modulated
ameliorate
disorders.
Biochemical Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
225, P. 116324 - 116324
Published: May 28, 2024
Obesity
is
characterized
by
adipose
tissue
expansion,
extracellular
matrix
remodelling
and
unresolved
inflammation
that
contribute
to
insulin
resistance
fibrosis.
Adipose
macrophages
represent
the
most
abundant
class
of
immune
cells
in
could
be
key
mediators
adipocyte
dysfunction
fibrosis
obesity.
Although
macrophage
activation
states
are
classically
defined
M1/M2
polarization
nomenclature,
novel
studies
have
revealed
a
more
complex
range
phenotypes
response
external
condition
or
surrounding
microenvironment.
Here,
we
discuss
plasticity
(ATMs)
their
microenvironment
obesity,
with
special
focus
on
infiltration
polarization,
contribution
A
better
understanding
role
ATMs
as
regulators
may
provide
therapeutic
strategies
against
obesity
associated
metabolic
diseases.
Immunity,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
57(2), P. 364 - 378.e9
Published: Jan. 31, 2024
Mutations
of
the
CBP/p300
histone
acetyltransferase
(HAT)
domain
can
be
linked
to
leukemic
transformation
in
humans,
suggestive
a
checkpoint
leukocyte
compartment
sizes.
Here,
we
examined
impact
reversible
inhibition
this
by
small-molecule
A485.
We
found
that
A485
triggered
acute
and
transient
mobilization
leukocytes
from
bone
marrow
into
blood.
Leukocyte
was
equally
potent
as,
but
mechanistically
distinct
from,
granulocyte
colony-stimulating
factor
(G-CSF),
which
allowed
for
additive
neutrophil
when
both
compounds
were
combined.
These
effects
maintained
models
leukopenia
conferred
augmented
host
defenses.
Mechanistically,
activation
hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal
gland
(HPA)
axis
relayed
shifts
distribution
through
corticotropin-releasing
hormone
receptor
1
(CRHR1)
adrenocorticotropic
(ACTH),
independently
glucocorticoids.
Our
findings
identify
strategy
rapid
expansion
blood
via
neuroendocrine
loop,
with
implications
treatment
human
pathologies.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: April 8, 2024
Interactions
between
macrophages
and
adipocytes
in
adipose
tissue
are
critical
for
the
regulation
of
energy
metabolism
obesity.
Macrophage
polarization
induced
by
cold
or
other
stimulations
can
drive
metabolic
reprogramming
adipocytes,
browning,
thermogenesis.
Accordingly,
investigating
roles
maintenance
homeostasis
is
development
novel
therapeutic
approaches
specifically
targeting
disorders
such
as
Current
review
outlines
macrophage
not
only
regulates
release
central
nervous
system
inflammatory
factors,
but
controls
mitochondrial
function,
factor
that
induce
maintain
homeostasis.
We
also
emphasized
on
how
conversely
motivate
macrophage.
Exploring
interactions
may
provide
new
strategies
management
obesity-related
diseases.
Mucosal Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Innate
lymphoid
cells
(ILC)
have
emerged
as
critical
immune
effectors
with
key
roles
in
orchestrating
the
wider
response.
While
ILC
are
relatively
rare
they
found
enriched
within
discrete
microenvironments,
predominantly
barrier
tissues.
An
emerging
body
of
evidence
implicates
complex
and
multi-layered
interactions
between
cell
types,
tissue
structure
external
environment
determinants
function
these
niches.
In
this
review
we
will
discuss
specific
components
that
constitute
ILC-associated
microenvironments
consider
how
act
to
determine
health
disease.
The
development
holistic,
integrated
models
environments
inform
new
understanding
contextual
cues
mechanisms
protective
versus
disease-causing
family.
Nature Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 6, 2025
Tissue-resident
memory
T
(TRM)
cells
are
a
specialized
cell
population
that
reside
in
tissues
and
provide
rapid
protective
response
upon
activation.
Here,
we
showed
human
mouse
CD4+
TRM
existed
poised
state
stored
messenger
RNAs
encoding
proinflammatory
cytokines
without
protein
production.
At
steady
state,
cytokine
mRNA
translation
was
suppressed
by
the
integrated
stress
(ISR)
pathway.
Upon
activation,
central
ISR
regulator,
eIF2α,
dephosphorylated
translated
for
immediate
Genetic
or
pharmacological
activation
of
ISR-eIF2α
pathway
reduced
production
ameliorated
autoimmune
kidney
disease
mice.
Consistent
with
these
results,
downregulated
patients
immune-mediated
diseases
intestine
compared
to
healthy
controls.
Our
results
indicated
translational
regulation
facilitate
during
local
immune
response.
Science Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
10(106)
Published: April 4, 2025
Changes
in
energy
availability
alter
the
dynamics
of
circulating
immune
cells.
The
existing
view
is
that
these
effects
are
due
to
altered
nutrient
levels
affecting
peripheral
tissue
metabolism.
Here,
using
mice
and
genetic
approaches
manipulate
activity
distinct
molecularly
defined
neurons,
we
show
brain’s
perception
hunger
satiety
alone
sufficient
drive
changes.
Hunger-promoting
Agouti-related
peptide
(AgRP)
neurons
hypothalamus
were
both
necessary
reduce
Ly6C
Hi
classical
monocytes
during
fasting.
Mechanistically,
suppressed
hepatic
mammalian
target
rapamycin
signaling
via
sympathetic
regulation,
decreasing
chemokine
ligand
2
monocyte
numbers.
AgRP
neuron–induced
corticosterone
release
glucocorticoid
receptor
activation
played
a
permissive
role
this
process.
These
changes
can
occur
independently
actual
levels,
revealing
an
unexpected
brain-mediated
control
immunity
response
perceived
variation
state.
