New insights into the intestinal barrier through “gut-organ” axes and a glimpse of the microgravity’s effects on intestinal barrier

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Oct. 10, 2024

Gut serves as the largest interface between humans and environment, playing a crucial role in nutrient absorption protection against harmful substances. The intestinal barrier acts initial defense mechanism non-specific infections, with its integrity directly impacting homeostasis health of human body. primary factor attributed to impairment previous studies has always centered on gastrointestinal tract itself. In recent years, concept "gut-organ" axis gained significant popularity, revealing profound interconnection gut other organs. It speculates that disruption these axes plays pathogenesis progression damage. evaluation function detection enterogenic endotoxins can serve "detecting agents" for identifying early functional alterations heart, kidney, liver, thereby facilitating timely intervention disorders. Simultaneously, consolidating may also present potential therapeutic approach attenuate damage Studies have demonstrated diverse signaling pathways their corresponding key molecules are extensively involved pathophysiological regulation barrier. Aberrant activation dysregulated expression play pivotal process impairment. Microgravity, being predominant characteristic space, potentially exert influence barriers. We will discuss interaction damage, further elucidate underlying summarize various components under microgravity. This review aims offer novel perspective comprehending etiology molecular mechanisms injury well prevention management microgravity environment.

Language: Английский

---

Bacillus spp. as potential probiotics: promoting piglet growth by improving intestinal health

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: July 26, 2024

The application of

Language: Английский

---

Effects of high-dose glucose oxidase on broiler growth performance, antioxidant function, and intestinal microbiota in broilers

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Glucose oxidase (GOD) has been investigated as a potential additive for enhancing intestinal health and growth performance in poultry. However, limited research exists on the effects of ultra-high doses GOD practical poultry production. This study aimed to investigate impact high dietary levels broiler performance, antioxidant capacity, microbiota. A total 400 healthy, 1-day-old, slow-growing chickens were randomly assigned four treatment groups. The control group was fed standard basal diet, while other groups (G1, G2, G3) diet supplemented with 4 U/g, 20 100 U/g VTR GOD, respectively. results showed that dose significantly improved final body weight average daily feed intake (ADFI) ( p < 0.05). Additionally, G3 exhibited marked increase glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity 0.05), reflecting enhanced function. Gut morphology remained intact across all groups, indicating no adverse barrier integrity. Microbiota analysis revealed significant increases 0.05) Firmicutes Verrucomicrobiota abundance at phylum level GOD-supplemented Moreover, treatments increased Faecalibacterium , Mucispirllum CHKCI001 genus level. Metabolic function predictions suggested high-dose supplementation enriched carbohydrate metabolism, particularly starch sucrose metabolism. Correlation indicated CHCKI001 two bacteria strongly influenced by associated gut health. In conclusion, had demonstrated benefits, promoting both broilers.

Language: Английский

---

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Regulates the Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway to Improve the Intestinal (Caco-2 Cells and Chicken Jejunum) Oxidative Stress Response Induced by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1550 - 1550

Published: Dec. 17, 2024

This article aims to investigate the mechanism by which Bacillus amyloliquefaciens alleviates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal oxidative stress. The study involved two experimental subjects: human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells and Arbor Acres broiler chickens. experiment involving samples was designed with same treatment groups, specifically control (CK) group, (LPS) (JF) JF+LPS group. In Caco-2 experiment, we administered 2 μg/mL of LPS 1 × 106 CFU/mL JF respectively. group (19–21 d) received an abdominal injection 0.5 mg/kg BW LPS, whereas fed 107 CFU/g throughout entire duration (1–21 d). results indicated following: (1) significantly decreased DPPH free radical clearance rate hydrogen peroxide levels (p < 0.05). (2) enhanced total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px) activity in 0.05), while concurrently reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) content (3) Compared CK increased mRNA expression nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), SOD, catalase (CAT), GSH-Px, interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), Claudin, Occludin1, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), mucin (MUC2) Kelch-like ECH-associated protein (Keap1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-8 (IL-8) comparison demonstrated a significant increase Nrf2, IL-4, as well ZO-1, MUC2 alongside decrease Keap1, TNF-α, IL-1β (4) chickens, elevated T-AOC, CAT, GSH-Px jejunum MDA Furthermore, CAT level higher than that observed MDA, were (5) exhibited Nrf2 chickens Notably, IL-10, reduced also showed compared those Keap1 TNF-α diminished summary, can enhance stress response, improve barrier function, inflammatory factors regulating Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Language: Английский

---