Galectin‐1 Regulates Inflammatory Responses and Promotes Microglial M2 Polarization in Chronic Migraine

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(3)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Chronic migraine (CM) is a severe and debilitating neurological disorder with an unclear pathophysiology. Galectin-1, β-galactoside-binding protein, known for its anti-inflammatory immune-regulatory effects in various inflammation-related diseases. However, role CM has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we analysed data from patients employed nitroglycerin-induced mouse model to explore the potential of galectin-1. Serum galectin-1 levels were significantly lower compared healthy controls. Additionally, negatively correlated Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) scores. also exhibited elevated IL-6 TNF-α reduced IL-10. Notably, inversely positively model, expression was spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis (Sp5C) region. Supplementation increased paw periorbital mechanical thresholds light aversion anxiety-like behaviours. Moreover, enhanced microglial morphology, promoted M2 polarization, pro-inflammatory factors cytokine Mechanistically, on microglia may involve activation PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, as evidenced by phosphorylation PI3K AKT. summary, our study demonstrates that plays crucial pathogenesis chronic migraine. Exogenous supplementation effectively alleviates symptoms promotes suggesting represent novel therapeutic target CM.

Language: Английский

Fibroblast growth factor 22

Differentiation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100860 - 100860

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский