High-fat diets induce inflammatory IMD/NFκB signaling via gut microbiota remodeling in Drosophila

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 23, 2024

High-fat diets (HFDs), a prevailing daily dietary style worldwide, induce chronic low-grade inflammation in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues, promoting variety of diseases including pathologies associated with neuroinflammation. However, mechanisms linking HFDs to are not entirely clear. Here, using Drosophila HFD model, we explored mechanism HFD-induced remote tissues. We found that activated IMD/NFκB immune pathway head through remodeling commensal gut bacteria. Removal microbiota abolished such inflammatory response. Further experiments revealed significantly increased abundance Acetobacter malorum gut, re-association this bacterium was sufficient elicit response Mechanistically, produced greater amount peptidoglycan (PGN), well-defined microbial molecular pattern enters circulation remotely activates an Our results thus show trigger mediated by bacterial elicits host

Language: Английский

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Covariation Between Microbiome Composition and Host Transcriptome in the Gut of Wild Drosophila melanogaster: A Re‐Analysis

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Gut microbiota are fundamental for healthy animal function, but the evidence that host function can be predicted from taxonomy remains equivocal, and natural populations remain understudied compared to laboratory animals. Paired analyses of covariation in parameters powerful approaches characterise host–microbiome relationships mechanistically, especially wild animals also lab models, enabling insight into ecological basis at molecular cellular levels. The fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster is a preeminent model organism, amenable field investigation by ‘omic analyses. Previous work male D. guts analysed paired measurements (A) bacterial diversity abundance, measured 16S amplicon sequencing; (B) gut transcriptome, no signature was detected. Here, we re‐analyse those data comprehensively. We find orthogonal axes microbial genera, which correspond differential expression genes. differentially expressed gene sets were enriched functions including protein translation, mitochondrial respiration, immunity reproduction. Each set had distinct functional signature, suggesting flies exhibit range variation, microbiome variation. These findings lay foundation better connect ecology genetics leading host‐microbiome model.

Language: Английский

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A Drosophila holidic diet optimized for growth and development

Developmental Cell, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Diets composed of chemically pure components (holidic diets) are useful for determining the metabolic roles individual nutrients. For model organism Drosophila melanogaster, existing holidic diets unable to support rapid growth characteristic larval stage. Here, we use a nutrient co-optimization strategy across more than 50 diet variants design fast development (HolFast), medium tailored and development. We identify dietary amino acid ratios optimal developmental speed but show that they compromise survival unless vitamins sterols co-optimized. Rapid on HolFast is not improved by adding fatty acids, it dependent upon their de novo synthesis in fat body via synthase (FASN). outperforms other diets, supporting rates close those yeast-based and, under germ-free conditions, identical. has wide applications nutritional studies

Language: Английский

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Origin and function of beneficial bacterial symbioses in insects

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 27, 2025

Language: Английский

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A gut commensal niche regulates stable association of a multispecies microbiota

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 30, 2021

Abstract The intestines of animals are typically colonized by a complex, relatively stable microbiota that influences health and fitness, but the underlying mechanisms colonization remain poorly understood. As typical animal, fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is associated with consistent set commensal bacterial species, yet reason for this consistency unknown. Here, we use gnotobiotic flies, microscopy, microbial pulse-chase protocols to show niche exists within proventriculus region foregut selectively binds bacteria exquisite strain-level specificity. Primary colonizers saturate exclude secondary same strain, initial Lactobacillus physically remodels favor Acetobacter . Our results provide mechanistic framework understanding establishment stability an intestinal microbiome. One-Sentence Summary A strain-specific inhabits defined spatial gut forms niche.

Language: Английский

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