Cancer Discovery,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(6), P. 1364 - 1385
Published: March 28, 2023
Abstract
Understanding
the
evolutionary
pathways
to
metastasis
and
resistance
immune-checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICI)
in
melanoma
is
critical
for
improving
outcomes.
Here,
we
present
most
comprehensive
intrapatient
metastatic
dataset
assembled
date
as
part
of
Posthumous
Evaluation
Advanced
Cancer
Environment
(PEACE)
research
autopsy
program,
including
222
exome
sequencing,
493
panel-sequenced,
161
RNA
22
single-cell
whole-genome
sequencing
samples
from
14
ICI-treated
patients.
We
observed
frequent
doubling
widespread
loss
heterozygosity,
often
involving
antigen-presentation
machinery.
found
KIT
extrachromosomal
DNA
may
have
contributed
lack
response
a
KIT-driven
melanoma.
At
lesion-level,
MYC
amplifications
were
enriched
ICI
nonresponders.
Single-cell
revealed
polyclonal
seeding
metastases
originating
clones
with
different
ploidy
one
patient.
Finally,
that
brain
diverged
early
molecular
evolution
emerge
late
disease.
Overall,
our
study
illustrates
diverse
landscape
advanced
Significance:
Despite
treatment
advances,
remains
deadly
disease
at
stage
IV.
Through
dense
sampling
combined
extensive
multiomic
profiling,
elucidates
many
mechanisms
melanomas
use
evade
immune
system,
whether
through
mutations,
copy-number
alterations,
or
DNA.
See
related
commentary
by
Shain,
p.
1294.
This
article
highlighted
In
Issue
feature,
1275
npj Precision Oncology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: Feb. 10, 2024
Abstract
Tumor
drug
resistance
emerges
from
the
interaction
of
two
critical
factors:
tumor
cellular
heterogeneity
and
immunosuppressive
nature
microenvironment
(TME).
Tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs)
constitute
essential
components
TME.
M2-like
TAMs
are
in
facilitating
metastasis
as
well
augmenting
tumors.
This
review
encapsulates
mechanisms
that
use
to
promote
resistance.
We
also
describe
emerging
therapeutic
strategies
currently
targeting
combination
with
other
antitumor
drugs,
some
still
undergoing
clinical
trial
evaluation.
Furthermore,
we
summarize
analyze
various
existing
approaches
for
developing
novel
drugs
target
overcome
resistance,
highlighting
how
can
effectively
stop
growth,
metastasis,
Cellular and Molecular Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
20(9), P. 983 - 992
Published: July 10, 2023
Abstract
Macrophages
are
critical
regulators
of
tissue
homeostasis
but
also
abundant
in
the
tumor
microenvironment
(TME).
In
both
primary
tumors
and
metastases,
such
tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs)
seem
to
support
development.
While
we
know
that
TAMs
dominant
immune
cells
TME,
their
vast
heterogeneity
associated
functions
only
just
being
unraveled.
this
review,
outline
various
known
TAM
populations
found
thus
far
delineate
specialized
roles
with
main
stages
cancer
progression.
We
discuss
how
may
prime
premetastatic
niche
enable
growth
a
metastasis
then
subsequent
metastasis-associated
can
secondary
growth.
Finally,
speculate
on
challenges
remain
be
overcome
research.
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(17)
Published: April 28, 2023
Immune-responsive
gene
1
(IRG1)
encodes
aconitate
decarboxylase
(ACOD1)
that
catalyzes
the
production
of
itaconic
acids
(ITAs).
The
anti-inflammatory
function
IRG1/ITA
has
been
established
in
multiple
pathogen
models,
but
very
little
is
known
cancer.
Here,
we
show
IRG1
expressed
tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs)
both
human
and
mouse
tumors.
Mechanistically,
tumor
cells
induce
Irg1
expression
by
activating
NF-κB
pathway,
ITA
produced
ACOD1
inhibits
TET
DNA
dioxygenases
to
dampen
inflammatory
genes
infiltration
CD8+
T
into
sites.
Deletion
mice
suppresses
growth
types
enhances
efficacy
anti-PD-(L)1
immunotherapy.
Our
study
provides
a
proof
concept
potential
target
for
immune-oncology
drugs
IRG1-deficient
represent
potent
cell
therapy
strategy
cancer
treatment
even
pancreatic
tumors
are
resistant
cell-based
Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
382(6675)
Published: Dec. 7, 2023
The
spatial
distribution
of
lymphocyte
clones
within
tissues
is
critical
to
their
development,
selection,
and
expansion.
We
have
developed
transcriptomics
variable,
diversity,
joining
(VDJ)
sequences
(Spatial
VDJ),
a
method
that
maps
B
cell
T
receptor
in
human
tissue
sections.
Spatial
VDJ
captures
match
canonical
distributions
amplifies
clonal
confirmed
by
orthogonal
methods.
found
congruency
between
paired
chains,
computational
framework
predict
pairs,
linked
the
expansion
distinct
different
tumor-associated
gene
expression
programs.
delineates
diversity
lineage
trajectories
anatomical
niche.
Thus,
architecture
across
tissues,
providing
platform
harness
for
therapy.
Biomarker Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: Nov. 28, 2023
Abstract
Today,
adoptive
cell
therapy
has
many
successes
in
cancer
therapy,
and
this
subject
is
brilliant
using
chimeric
antigen
receptor
T
cells.
The
CAR
with
its
FDA-approved
drugs,
could
treat
several
types
of
hematological
malignancies
thus
be
very
attractive
for
treating
solid
cancer.
Unfortunately,
the
cannot
functional
cancers
due
to
unique
features.
This
treatment
method
harmful
adverse
effects
that
limit
their
applications,
so
novel
treatments
must
use
new
cells
like
NK
cells,
NKT
macrophage
Among
these
innate
features,
are
more
tumor
seem
a
better
candidate
prior
methods.
have
vital
roles
microenvironment
and,
direct
effect,
can
eliminate
efficiently.
In
addition,
being
part
immune
system,
attended
sites.
With
high
infiltration,
modulations
effective.
review
investigates
last
achievements
CAR-macrophage
future
immunotherapy
method.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: May 7, 2024
Abstract
Breast
cancer,
the
most
frequent
female
malignancy,
is
often
curable
when
detected
at
an
early
stage.
The
treatment
of
metastatic
breast
cancer
more
challenging
and
may
be
unresponsive
to
conventional
therapy.
Immunotherapy
crucial
for
treating
but
its
resistance
a
major
limitation.
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
vital
in
modulating
immunotherapy
response.
Various
microenvironmental
components,
such
as
cancer-associated
fibroblasts
(CAFs),
tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs),
myeloid-derived
suppressor
cells
(MDSCs),
are
involved
TME
modulation
cause
resistance.
This
review
highlights
role
stromal
microenvironment,
including
involvement
CAF-TAM
interaction,
alteration
metabolism
leading
failure,
other
latest
strategies,
high
throughput
genomic
screening,
single-cell
spatial
omics
techniques
identifying
immune
genes
regulating
emphasizes
therapeutic
approach
overcome
through
CAF
reprogramming,
TAM
polarization,
metabolism,
alterations.