Understanding Chronic Venous Disease: A Critical Overview of Its Pathophysiology and Medical Management

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(15), P. 3239 - 3239

Published: July 22, 2021

Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a multifactorial condition affecting an important percentage of the global population. It ranges from mild clinical signs, such as telangiectasias or reticular veins, to severe manifestations, ulcerations. However, varicose veins (VVs) are most common manifestation CVD. The explicit mechanisms not well-understood. seems that genetics and plethora environmental agents play role in development progression exposure these factors leads altered hemodynamics system, described ambulatory hypertension, therefore promoting microcirculatory changes, inflammatory responses, hypoxia, wall remodeling, epigenetic variations, even with systemic implications. Thus, proper management patients CVD essential prevent potential harms disease, which also entails significant loss quality life individuals. Hence, aim present review collect current knowledge CVD, including its epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, but emphasizing pathophysiology medical care patients, diagnosis, treatments. Furthermore, future directions will be covered this work order provide fields explore context

Language: Английский

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Deep-belief network for predicting potential miRNA-disease associations

Briefings in Bioinformatics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 22(3)

Published: July 22, 2020

Abstract MicroRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in the occurrence, development, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. More more researchers begin to pay attention relationship between miRNA disease. Compared with traditional biological experiments, computational method integrating heterogeneous data predict potential associations can effectively save time cost. Considering limitations previous models, we developed model deep-belief network for miRNA-disease association prediction (DBNMDA). We constructed feature vectors pre-train restricted Boltzmann machines all pairs applied positive samples same number selected negative fine-tune DBN obtain final predicted scores. supervised models that only use known label training, DBNMDA innovatively utilizes information during pre-training process. This step could reduce impact too few on accuracy some extent. achieves AUC 0.9104 based global leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV), 0.8232 local LOOCV average 0.9048 ± 0.0026 5-fold validation. These AUCs are better than other models. In addition, three different types case studies diseases were implemented demonstrate DBNMDA. As a result, 84% (breast neoplasms), 100% (lung neoplasms) 88% (esophageal top 50 miRNAs verified by recent literature. Therefore, conclude is effective associations.

Language: Английский

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Nucleic acid drug vectors for diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 17, 2023

Abstract Nucleic acid drugs have the advantages of rich target selection, simple in design, good and enduring effect. They been demonstrated to irreplaceable superiority brain disease treatment, while vectors are a decisive factor therapeutic efficacy. Strict physiological barriers, such as degradation clearance circulation, blood-brain barrier, cellular uptake, endosome/lysosome release, obstruct delivery nucleic by vectors. against single inefficient treating diseases complex pathogenesis. Differences between individual patients lead severe uncertainties treatment with drugs. In this Review, we briefly summarize classification Next, discuss barriers during drug universal coping strategies introduce application methods these Subsequently, explore drug-based multidrug regimens for combination construction corresponding following, address feasibility patient stratification personalized therapy through diagnostic information from medical imaging manner introducing contrast agents into Finally, take perspective on future remaining challenges vector-based integrated diagnosis gene diseases.

Language: Английский

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MicroRNA-21 prevents excessive inflammation and cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction through targeting KBTBD7

Cell Death and Disease, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(7)

Published: July 10, 2018

The excessive inflammation triggered by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) after myocardial infarction (MI) is responsible for the development of cardiac dysfunction and adverse remodeling, while mechanisms which fine tuned remain to be fully elucidated. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) has been shown function in cardiovascular diseases, its role inflammatory responses post MI mice remains unknown. Here, we found that miR-21 expression was markedly increased border infarct areas tissues during early phase model established ligating left-anterior descending coronary artery. MiR-21 knockout had decreased survival rates, worse dysfunction, scar compared with WT mice. showed significantly higher levels cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α tissues, as well infiltration CD11b+ monocytes/macrophages level cytokines. induced great release high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) heat shock 60 (HSP60) tissue. deficiency promoted cytokine production DAMPs macrophages, whereas, overexpression inhibited production. Mechanistically, enhanced p38 NF-κB signaling activation tissue macrophages treated DAMPs. directly target kelch repeat BTB (POZ) domain containing 7 (KBTBD7), DAMP-triggered macrophages. Furthermore, KBTBD7 interacted MKK3/6 their activation, turn downstream Therefore, our findings demonstrate attenuates inflammation, maladaptive remodeling through targeting inhibiting suggesting may a novel potential therapeutic MI.

Language: Английский

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microRNAs: important regulators of stem cells

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: May 11, 2017

Stem cells are undifferentiated and have multi-lineage differentiation potential. Generally, stem classified into adult cells, embryonic (ESCs) induced pluripotent (iPSCs). great potential in clinical therapy due to their pluripotency self-renewal ability. microRNAs (miRNAs) small non-coding RNAs which evolutionarily conserved participate the pathogenesis of many diseases, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, aging, fate decisions, different signaling pathways. Different kinds possess distinct miRNA expression profiles. Our review summarizes critical roles miRNAs reprogramming, maintenance, differentiation. In future, may greatly contribute applications regenerative medicine.

Language: Английский

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MicroRNA Involvement in Signaling Pathways During Viral Infection

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: March 10, 2020

The study of miRNAs started in 1993, when Lee et al. observed their involvement the downregulation a crucial protein known as LIN-14 nematode

Language: Английский

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miR-128-3p Is a Novel Regulator of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switch and Vascular Diseases

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 126(12)

Published: March 27, 2020

MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that modulate gene expression by negatively regulating translation of target genes. Although the role several miRNAs in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has been extensively characterized, function miRNA-128-3p (miR-128) is still unknown.To determine if miR-128 modulates VSMC phenotype and to define underlying mechanisms.We screened for whose modulated an altered DNA methylation status VSMCs, among hits, we selected miR-128. We found was expressed various tissues, primary murine cells, pathological human specimens. Through gain- loss-of-function approaches, determined affects proliferation, migration, differentiation, contractility. The alterations those properties were dependent upon epigenetic regulation key differentiation genes; notably, Kruppel-like factor 4 be a direct able pivotal myosin heavy chain 11 (Myh11). Finally, vivo lentiviral delivery prevented intimal hyperplasia mouse model carotid restenosis without modifying vital cardiovascular parameters.miR-128 critical modulator VSMCs regulated modifications stress. Its modulation context disease could exploited therapeutic purposes.

Language: Английский

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MicroRNA-based therapeutics in cardiovascular disease: screening and delivery to the target

Biochemical Society Transactions, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 46(1), P. 11 - 21

Published: Dec. 1, 2017

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs of ∼22 nucleotides, which have increasingly been recognized as potent post-transcriptional regulators gene expression. MiRNA targeting is defined by the complementarities between positions 2–8 miRNA 5′-end with generally 3′-untranslated region target mRNAs (messenger RNAs). The capacity miRNAs to simultaneously inhibit many different allows for an amplification biological responses. Hence, extremely attractive targets therapeutic regulation in several diseases, including cardiovascular. Novel approaches emerging identify functions cardiovascular biology processes and improve delivery heart vasculature. In present study, we provide overview current studies cells use high-content screening. We also discuss challenge achieve a safe targeted therapeutics cells.

Language: Английский

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The regulatory role of microRNAs in angiogenesis‐related diseases

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 22(10), P. 4568 - 4587

Published: June 29, 2018

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level via either the degradation or translational repression of target mRNA. They play an irreplaceable role in angiogenesis by regulating proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration and tube formation angiogenesis-related cells, which indispensable for multitudinous physiological pathological processes, especially occurrence development vascular diseases. Imbalance between regulation miRNAs may cause many diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, aneurysm, Kawasaki aortic dissection, phlebothrombosis diabetic microvascular complication. Therefore, it is important to explore essential angiogenesis, might help uncover new effective therapeutic strategies This review focuses on interactions miRNA-based biomarkers diagnosis, treatment prognosis diseases, providing update understanding clinical value targeting angiogenesis.

Language: Английский

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Comparative Analysis of Circulating Noncoding RNAs Versus Protein Biomarkers in the Detection of Myocardial Injury

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 125(3), P. 328 - 340

Published: June 4, 2019

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), circular (circRNAs), and long noncoding (lncRNAs), are proposed novel biomarkers of myocardial injury. Their release kinetics have not been explored without confounding by heparin nor has their relationship to protein biomarkers.

Language: Английский

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