International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(9), P. 4046 - 4046
Published: April 24, 2025
Chronic
venous
disease
(CVD)
involves
complex
pathophysiological
mechanisms,
particularly
an
imbalance
between
matrix
metalloproteinases
(MMPs)
and
their
tissue
inhibitors
(TIMPs),
contributing
to
remodeling
varicosities.
Elevated
MMP-2
MMP-9
levels
are
commonly
found
in
tissues
affected
by
ulcers.
Inflammation
plays
a
central
role
CVD,
with
higher
of
pro-inflammatory
markers
present
varicose
veins
compared
healthy
ones.
Syndecans,
key
components
the
endothelial
glycocalyx,
involved
inflammatory
responses.
Alterations
glycocalyx
structure
associated
vascular
damage
both
arterial
diseases.
This
study
aimed
investigate
changes
CVD
patients,
focusing
on
therapeutic
mesoglycan,
glycosaminoglycan-based
drug.
A
prospective,
monocentric
included
23
patients
C2
clinical–etiological–anatomical–pathological
(CEAP)
CVD.
Serum
samples
were
collected
before
after
mesoglycan
treatment.
Results
showed
significantly
elevated
VCAM-1,
MMP-2,
MMP-9,
SDC-1,
IL-6,
IL-8
blood
from
versus
systemic
circulation.
Patients
received
50
mg
orally
every
12
h
for
90
days.
After
treatment,
notable
reduction
was
observed.
These
results
support
hypothesis
that
may
alleviate
local
inflammation,
providing
insights
into
new
strategies
management.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(3), P. 568 - 568
Published: Feb. 6, 2022
The
placenta
is
a
central
structure
in
pregnancy
and
has
pleiotropic
functions.
This
organ
grows
incredibly
rapidly
during
this
period,
acting
as
mastermind
behind
different
fetal
maternal
processes.
relevance
of
the
extends
far
beyond
pregnancy,
being
crucial
for
programming
before
birth.
Having
integrative
knowledge
maternofetal
helps
significantly
understanding
development
either
proper
or
pathophysiological
context.
Thus,
aim
review
to
summarize
main
features
placenta,
with
special
focus
on
its
early
development,
cytoarchitecture,
immunology,
functions
non-pathological
conditions.
In
contraposition,
role
examined
preeclampsia,
worrisome
hypertensive
disorder
order
describe
implications
disease.
Likewise,
dysfunction
growth
restriction,
major
consequence
also
discussed,
emphasizing
potential
clinical
strategies
derived.
Finally,
emerging
chronic
venous
disease
causative
agent
equally
treated.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(3), P. 1560 - 1560
Published: Jan. 26, 2024
One
of
the
early
symptoms
chronic
venous
disease
(CVD)
is
varicose
veins
(VV)
lower
limbs.
There
are
many
etiological
environmental
factors
influencing
development
insufficiency
(CVI),
although
genetic
and
family
history
play
a
key
role.
All
these
induce
changes
in
hemodynamic
system
limbs
leading
to
blood
stasis,
hypoxia,
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
proteolytic
activity
matrix
metalloproteinases
(MMPs),
microcirculation
and,
consequently,
remodeling
wall.
The
aim
this
review
present
current
knowledge
on
CVD,
including
pathophysiology
mechanisms
related
vein
wall
remodeling.
Particular
emphasis
has
been
placed
describing
role
inflammation
stress
involvement
extracellular
hemoglobin
as
pathogenetic
VV.
Additionally,
active
substances
used
treatment
VV
were
discussed.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(3), P. 1928 - 1928
Published: Jan. 18, 2023
Chronic
Venous
Disease
(CVD)
refers
to
several
pathological
and
hemodynamic
alterations
of
the
veins
lower
limbs
causing
a
wide
range
symptoms
signs
with
high
prevalence
in
general
population
disabling
consequences
most
severe
forms.
The
etiology
pathophysiology
CVD
is
complex
multifactorial,
involving
genetic,
proteomic,
cellular
mechanisms
that
result
changes
venous
structure
functions.
Expressions
genes
associated
angiogenesis,
vascular
development,
regulation
are
responsible
for
susceptibility
CVD.
Current
evidence
shows
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
could
be
identified
some
cases
pharmacologically
targeted.
This
review
up
date
information
on
molecular
determinants
order
provide
complete
overview
current
knowledge
this
topic.
In
particular,
article
explores
genetic
influence,
hormonal
ECM
imbalance,
histopathology
role
endothelial
dysfunction
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(1), P. 150 - 150
Published: Jan. 9, 2025
Background:
Chronic
venous
disease
(CVD)
comprises
a
set
of
vascular
disorders
that
affect
the
system
with
important
local
and
systemic
repercussions.
A
growing
body
evidence
displays
relationship
between
suffering
from
CVD
marked
deregulation
immune
inflammatory
system.
In
this
sense,
previous
literature
has
reported
some
significant
changes
in
level
various
circulating
parameters
these
patients.
However,
more
research
is
required
to
detail
deepen
complex
relationship.
Methods:
work,
we
studied,
using
multiplex
technique,
levels
cytokines
chemokines
detectable
serum
40
patients
compared
it
38
healthy
controls
(HCs).
parallel,
performed
Spearman's
correlation
analysis
explore
potential
networks
CVD.
Results:
study,
measured
assay.
Results
showed
increased
several
pro-inflammatory
mediators
(IL-1β,
IL-2,
IL-5,
IL-6,
IL-7,
IL-8,
IL-12,
IL-17A,
IL-23,
TNF-α,
IFN-γ,
fractalkine,
ITAC,
GM-CSF)
decrease
IL-13,
no
IL-4,
IL-10,
IL-21,
MIP-1α,
MIP-1β,
or
MIP-3α.
The
Spearman
revealed
strong,
positive
correlations
among
HC,
particularly
TNF-alpha,
IL-1β,
forming
highly
interconnected
cytokine
network.
contrast,
fewer,
weaker,
distinct
correlations,
new
associations
such
as
IFN-γ
IL-1β
suggesting
disrupted
profile.
Conclusions:
profile
patients,
characterized
by
altered
chemokine
less
coordinated
network,
underscores
reconfiguration
pathways
condition.
These
findings
highlight
therapeutic
targets
aimed
at
restoring
balance
mitigating
chronic
inflammation
Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproduction,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
19(1), P. 110 - 115
Published: March 6, 2025
Pregnancy
and
childbirth
in
women
with
varicose
vein
disease
(VVD)
are
typically
associated
a
high
risk
of
developing
thrombotic,
obstetric
fetal
complications.
Lipodermatosclerosis
(LDS)
is
one
the
less
common
complications
related
to
chronic
venous
insufficiency
(CVI).
This
article
presents
clinical
case
where
LDS
developed
during
late-stage
pregnancy
(35–36
weeks)
as
complication
pre-existing
VVD,
which
noteworthy
due
rarity
such
condition
that
demonstrates
relevant
diagnostic
challenges
particularly
pregnancy.
Enhancing
effectiveness
multidisciplinary
approach
essential
for
diagnosing
rare
VVD
pregnant
women.
Molecules,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
27(23), P. 8232 - 8232
Published: Nov. 25, 2022
Phlebotropic
flavonoids,
including
diosmin
and
its
aglycone
diosmetin,
are
natural
polyphenols
widely
used
in
the
prevention
treatment
of
chronic
venous
insufficiency
(CVI).
As
oxidative
stress
plays
an
important
role
development
pathophysiology
cardiovascular
system,
study
aimed
to
investigate
protective
effects
diosmetin
on
hydrogen
peroxide
(H2O2)-induced
endothelial
cells.
The
cells
were
pretreated
with
different
concentrations
flavonoid
prior
H2O2
exposure.
cell
viability,
level
intracellular
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
activity
cellular
antioxidant
enzymes-including
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD),
catalase
(CAT),
glutathione
peroxidase
GPx-and
malondialdehyde
(MDA)
assessed.
It
was
found
that
H2O2-induced
ameliorated
by
diosmin/diosmetin
a
concentration-dependent
manner.
flavonoids
restored
enzymes
lowered
MDA
upregulated
These
results
indicate
may
prevent
cells;
therefore,
they
protect
against
progression
oxidative-stress-related
disorders.
Frontiers in Genetics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Feb. 26, 2024
Vascular
diseases
pose
major
health
challenges,
and
understanding
their
underlying
molecular
mechanisms
is
essential
to
advance
therapeutic
interventions.
Cellular
senescence,
a
hallmark
of
aging,
cellular
state
characterized
by
cell-cycle
arrest,
senescence-associated
secretory
phenotype
macromolecular
damage,
metabolic
dysregulation.
senescence
has
been
demonstrated
play
key
role
in
different
vascular
diseases,
such
as
atherosclerosis,
peripheral
arterial
disease,
hypertension,
stroke,
diabetes,
chronic
venous
ulcers.
Even
though
was
first
described
1961,
significant
gaps
persist
comprehending
the
epigenetic
driving
its
subsequent
inflammatory
response.
Through
comprehensive
analysis,
we
aim
elucidate
these
knowledge
exploring
network
alterations
that
contribute
senescence.
In
addition,
describe
consequent
cascades
triggered
modifications.
Finally,
explore
translational
applications
involving
biomarkers
emerging
field
senotherapy
targeting
this
biological
process.
VASA,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
53(5), P. 308 - 313
Published: Aug. 14, 2024
Chronic
venous
disease
is
a
vascular
disorder
characterized
by
impaired
return
and
progressive
dysfunction
of
the
system.
Pathological
reflux
can
occur
due
to
abnormal
dilation
weakening
vein
wall.
The
circulatory
system
natural
structure
in
which
physical
laws,
such
as
law
closed
containers
gravity,
operate.
malfunctions
also
adhere
these
laws
nature.
This
article
explains
how
principles
fluid
dynamics
apply
flow
blood
veins
legs.
I
am
discussing
Pascal's
law,
Torricelli's
Bernoulli's
Poiseuille's
they
are
relating
anatomy
physiology
