Cardiovascular disease and cancer: shared risk factors and mechanisms

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(9), P. 617 - 631

Published: April 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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Myocarditis: Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Their Implications in Clinical Practice

Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 874 - 874

Published: June 17, 2023

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium caused by infectious or non-infectious agents. It can lead to serious short-term and long-term sequalae, such as sudden cardiac death dilated cardiomyopathy. Due its heterogenous clinical presentation course, challenging diagnosis limited evidence for prognostic stratification, myocarditis poses a great challenge clinicians. As it stands, pathogenesis etiology only partially understood. Moreover, impact certain features on risk assessment, patient outcomes treatment options not entirely clear. Such data, however, are essential in order personalize care implement novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discuss possible etiologies myocarditis, outline key processes governing summarize best available regarding state-of-the-art approaches.

Language: Английский

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PCSK9 Inhibitors in Cancer Patients Treated with Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors to Reduce Cardiovascular Events: New Frontiers in Cardioncology

Cancers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 1397 - 1397

Published: Feb. 22, 2023

Cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are exposed to a high risk of atherosclerosis and cardiometabolic diseases due systemic inflammatory conditions immune-related atheroma destabilization. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is key protein involved in metabolism low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. PCSK9 blocking agents clinically available involve monoclonal antibodies, SiRNA reduces LDL levels high-risk atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events multiple patient cohorts. Moreover, induces peripheral tolerance (inhibition cancer cell- recognition), cardiac mitochondrial metabolism, enhances cell survival. The present review summarizes the potential benefits inhibition through selective antibodies siRNA cancer, especially those ICIs therapies, order reduce potentially improve ICIs-related anticancer functions.

Language: Английский

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Cardiovascular disease and lung cancer

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Lung cancer is the second most common worldwide and leading cause of cancer-related death. While survival rates have improved with advancements in therapeutics, additional health challenges surfaced. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) a morbidity mortality patients lung cancer. CVD share many risk factors, such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes, advanced age, obesity. Optimal management this patient population requires full understanding potential cardiovascular (CV) complications treatment. This review outlines shared spectrum cardiotoxicities associated prevention short- long-term non-small cell (NSCLC) small (SCLC) Due to medical complexity these patients, multidisciplinary collaborative care among oncologists, cardiologists, primary physicians, other providers essential.

Language: Английский

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Applications, challenges and future directions of artificial intelligence in cardio‐oncology

European Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 55(S1)

Published: April 1, 2025

Abstract Background The management of cardiotoxicity related to cancer therapies has emerged as a significant clinical challenge, prompting the rapid growth cardio‐oncology. As treatments become more complex, there is an increasing need enhance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for managing their cardiovascular side effects. Objective This review investigates potential artificial intelligence (AI) revolutionize cardio‐oncology by integrating diverse data sources address challenges management. Methods We explore applications AI in cardio‐oncology, focusing on its ability leverage multiple sources, including electronic health records, electrocardiograms, imaging modalities, wearable sensors, circulating serum biomarkers. Results demonstrated improving risk stratification longitudinal monitoring cardiotoxicity. By optimizing use non‐invasive imaging, biomarkers, facilitates earlier detection, better prediction outcomes, personalized interventions. These advancements are poised patient outcomes streamline decision‐making. Conclusions represents transformative opportunity advancing capabilities. However, successful implementation requires addressing practical such integration, model interpretability, clinician training. Continued collaboration between clinicians developers will be essential fully integrate into routine workflows.

Language: Английский

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Circulating biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis: time for a risk-based approach

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies that block immune checkpoints and therefore activate cells, allowing them to recognize attack cancer cells. ICIs have revolutionized oncology practice, but their use has been complicated by immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Of cardiovascular (CV) irAEs, ICI-related myocarditis received significant attention due high mortality rates, ranging from 25% 50%, despite its overall low incidence. Establishing the early diagnosis of ICI-myocarditis is important for initiation steroids consideration hospitalization in patients who at risk hemodynamic compromise need acuity care a tertiary setting. In this review, we summarize diagnostic prognostic tools ICI-myocarditis, including electrocardiography, echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, with emphasis on circulating biomarkers. Cardiac troponins (cTns) an essential component provide summary recent studies utilized different assays (cTnI vs. cTnT) outcomes (diagnosis prognosis major outcomes). With exponential increase ICI across indications, there include biomarkers stratification guide treatment. Our review proposes framework future multisite registries, cTn evaluation baseline time irAE suspicion, development central biobanking allow head-to-head clinical validation biomarker ICI-myocarditis. This approach, inclusion CV into pragmatic trials, holds promise improve recognition management thus leading better outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Risk Factors for Psoriasis Flares: A Narrative Review

Psoriasis Targets and Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 14, P. 39 - 50

Published: May 1, 2024

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disease with multifactorial pathogenesis involving both genetic and environmental factors as well the innate acquired immune response. Several triggering may exacerbate or worsen disease. In this context, we performed review manuscript aim of investigating current literature on psoriasis risk factors, also showing possible mechanisms by which they act psoriasis. Globally, can be divided in classic (eg, mechanical stress, infections dysbiosis skin, common drugs, environment pollution, lifestyle, psychological hormonal metabolic alterations) have long been known to responsible for worsening and/or reoccurrence psoriatic manifestations, emerging biological immunotherapy oncologic disease, Covid-19, vaccines) defined those newly identified factors. Accurate patient information monitoring planned follow-ups help prevent treat consequently improve quality life patients.

Language: Английский

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Cardiac Troponin I and T in ICI Myocarditis Screening, Diagnosis, and Prognosis

JACC CardioOncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(5), P. 804 - 807

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Impact of Immunity on Coronary Artery Disease: An Updated Pathogenic Interplay and Potential Therapeutic Strategies

Life, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 2128 - 2128

Published: Oct. 27, 2023

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. It a result buildup atherosclerosis within coronary arteries. The role immune system in CAD complex and multifaceted. responds to damage or injury arterial walls by initiating an inflammatory response. However, this response can become chronic lead plaque formation. Neutrophiles, macrophages, B lymphocytes, T NKT cells play key immunity response, both with proatherogenic antiatherogenic signaling pathways. Recent findings provide new roles activities referring endothelial vascular smooth muscle cells, which help clarify intricate crosstalk between involved actors. Research ongoing explore immunomodulatory therapies that target reduce inflammation its contribution atherosclerosis. This review aims summarize pathogenic interplay potential therapeutic strategies,

Language: Английский

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Circulating Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Cancer Therapeutics‐Related Cardiotoxicity: Review of Critical Challenges, Solutions, and Future Directions

Journal of the American Heart Association, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(21)

Published: Oct. 27, 2023

Cardiotoxicity is a growing concern in the oncology population. Transthoracic echocardiography and multigated acquisition scans have been used for surveillance but are relatively insensitive resource intensive. Innovative imaging techniques constrained by cost availability. More sensitive, cost-effective cardiotoxicity strategies needed. Circulating cardiovascular biomarkers could provide low-cost solution. Biomarkers such as troponins, natriuretic peptides (NPs), novel upstream signals of oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis well panomic technologies shown substantial promise, guidelines recommend baseline measurement troponins NPs all patients receiving potential cardiotoxins. Nonetheless, supporting evidence has hampered several limitations. Previous reviews provided valuable perspectives on cancer populations, important analytic aspects remain to be examined depth. This review provides comprehensive assessment critical challenges solutions this field, with focus analytical issues relating biomarker interpretation. Examination pertaining common serious forms reveals that improved study designs incorporating larger, more diverse registry-based approaches, refinement current definitions key. Further efforts harmonize methodologies including centralized biobanking analyses, decision limits, head-to-head comparisons Multimarker algorithms machine learning may allow rapid, personalized risk assessment. These improvements will not only augment predictive value circulating elucidate both direct indirect relationships between disease cancer, allowing greater role development success anticancer therapies.

Language: Английский

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