Fire,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(9), P. 298 - 298
Published: Aug. 23, 2024
High-volume
space
structures
are
characterized
by
high
combustible
loads,
rapid
fire
development,
difficulty
in
firefighting,
and
potential
building
collapse
risks,
making
early
detection
particularly
crucial.
The
effectiveness
of
technologies
relies
on
their
ability
to
adapt
the
characteristics
smoke-dominant
combustion
products
protected
space.
However,
there
is
a
lack
targeted
research
smoke
generated
during
low-power
stages
fires
high-volume
spaces,
which
has
not
supported
development
for
such
environments.
To
address
this,
this
paper
presents
an
experimental
study
that,
first
time,
collects
data
parameters
as
temperature,
velocity,
concentration,
particle
size
at
heights
ranging
from
6.5
m
18.5
using
lightweight
sensors.
analyzes
characteristic
correlations
these
impact
spaces
presenting
variation
patterns
plume
velocity
distribution
with
height.
It
identifies
three
distribution,
contrasting
previous
studies,
offers
qualitative
explanation
findings.
This
enhances
understanding
signals
large
valuable
insights
developing
more
accurate
efficient
strategies
technologies.
npj Climate and Atmospheric Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: March 8, 2024
Abstract
Atmospheric
soot
and
organic
particles
from
fossil
fuel
combustion
biomass
burning
modify
Earth’s
climate
through
their
interactions
with
solar
radiation
modifications
of
cloud
properties
by
acting
as
condensation
nuclei
ice
nucleating
particles.
Recent
advancements
in
understanding
individual
microscopic
composition
have
led
to
heightened
interest
microphysical
properties.
This
review
article
provides
an
overview
current
advanced
measurements
offers
insights
into
future
avenues
for
studying
these
To
quantify
morphology
ageing,
fractal
dimension
(
D
f
)
is
a
commonly
employed
quantitative
metric
which
allows
characterize
morphologies
aggregates
relation
ageing
factors
like
internal
mixing
state,
core-shell
structures,
phase,
heterogeneity.
Models
been
developed
incorporate
diversity
metrics
aged
particles,
enabling
assessment
optical
absorption
radiative
forcing
effects.
The
are
complex
they
influenced
particle
sources,
process,
meteorological
conditions.
Furthermore,
soluble
exhibit
diverse
forms
can
engage
liquid–liquid
phase
separation
sulfate
nitrate
components.
Primary
carbonaceous
such
tar
balls
warrant
further
attention
due
strong
light
absorbing
properties,
presence
toxic
constituents,
small
size,
impact
human
health.
Future
research
needs
include
both
atmospheric
modeling
approaches,
focusing
on
changes
the
structures
ensembles,
effects
dynamics
Particle and Fibre Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
21(1)
Published: Feb. 17, 2024
Airborne
environmental
and
engineered
nanoparticles
(NPs)
are
inhaled
deposited
in
the
respiratory
system.
The
dose
of
such
NPs
their
deposition
location
lung
determines
impact
on
health.
When
calculating
NP
using
particle
inhalation
models,
a
common
approach
is
to
use
bulk
material
density,
ρ
Aerosol Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
3(1), P. 1 - 13
Published: Jan. 13, 2025
Abstract.
Particle
light
absorption
enhancement,
also
known
as
the
lensing
effect,
is
a
complex
phenomenon
where
particles
undergo
optical
transformation
they
age.
This
process
influenced
by
several
factors,
including
particle
size.
To
investigate
this
study
introduces
and
validates
novel
method
for
size-resolved
measurements
using
nigrosin
model
system.
The
combines
three-wavelength
cantilever-enhanced
photoacoustic
spectrometer
(CEPAS)
with
differential
mobility
analyser
(DMA)
to
achieve
particle-size-resolved
measurements.
Nigrosin,
well-characterised,
spherically
shaped,
water-soluble
material,
was
selected
demonstrate
feasibility
precision
of
approach.
system
showed
strong
agreement
(R2>0.94)
Mie-modelled
absorption,
confirming
its
reliability.
While
broader
motivation
work
lies
in
advancing
techniques
studying
ageing,
coating,
enhancement
black
carbon
other
atmospheric
aerosols,
present
serves
foundational
step
validating
methodology
controlled
simplified
context.
Future
studies
will
expand
application
systems,
coated
aggregated
particles,
explore
phenomena
such
enhancement.
Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(3), P. 634 - 634
Published: Jan. 28, 2024
Measuring
the
size
distribution
and
temperature
of
high-temperature
dispersed
particles,
particularly
in-flame
soot,
holds
paramount
importance
across
various
industries.
Laser-induced
incandescence
(LII)
stands
out
as
a
potent
non-contact
diagnostic
technology
for
although
its
effectiveness
is
hindered
by
uncertainties
associated
with
pre-determined
thermal
properties.
To
tackle
this
challenge,
our
study
proposes
multi-parameter
inversion
strategy—simultaneous
particle
distribution,
accommodation
coefficient,
initial
soot
aggregates
using
time-resolved
LII
signals.
Analyzing
responses
different
heat
transfer
sub-models
to
rise
demonstrates
necessity
incorporating
sublimation
thermionic
emission
accurately
reproducing
signals
particles.
Consequently,
we
selected
particular
model
strategy.
Our
research
reveals
that
LII-based
sizing
sensitive
biases
in
particles
(equivalent
flame
temperature),
underscoring
need
proposed
Numerical
results
obtained
at
two
typical
temperatures,
1100
K
1700
K,
illustrate
selecting
an
appropriate
laser
fluence
enables
simultaneous
temperatures
high
accuracy
confidence
technique.
Carbon,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
226, P. 119197 - 119197
Published: April 28, 2024
The
mass
concentration
of
soot
aggregates
is
often
estimated
from
mobility
size
distributions
using
a
mobility-based
effective
density,
ρeff.
This
ρeff
changes
with
aggregate
morphology.
In
particular,
the
core
increases
when
it
becomes
compacted
by
surface
tension
condensing
coatings,
such
as
combustion-related
vapours,
secondary
aerosols,
and
cloud
water.
extent
this
compaction
function
coating
volume,
up
to
an
asymptotic
limit
complete
compaction.
While
has
previously
been
shown
correspond
universal,
scale-invariant
packing
factor
for
sufficiently
large
aggregates,
not
explicitly
quantified.
Here,
we
critically
reanalyze
multiple
datasets
compiled
literature
on
completely
compact
soot.
We
show
that,
regardless
material,
generally
become
following
5-fold
increase
in
volume.
final
shape
more
simply
described
than
diameter
or
factor.
Below
140
nm
(about
20
monomers),
obeys
power
law;
above
nm,
reaches
constant
value
651
±
8
kg
m–3.
3
times
larger
that
freshly-produced
at
nm.
provide
parameterization
estimation
after
coating,
or,
conversely,
use
benchmark
estimate
restructuring.
Our
can
be
easily
adapted
other
nanoparticle
whose
material
density
known.
Aerosol Science and Technology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 25
Published: Jan. 3, 2025
In
this
work,
we
introduce
and
validate
a
novel
device,
the
Mobility
Separator
Electrometer
(MSE).
The
MSE
classifies
particles
by
their
electrical
mobility,
separating
into
two
electrometer
outlets.
Automatic
adjustment
of
voltage
set-point
to
achieve
equal
currents
enables
autonomous
measurement
aerosol
population's
average
mobility.
transfer
function
device
was
experimentally
validated,
demonstrating
good
agreement
with
theory
once
calibrated
for
an
effective
length.
power
occurs
when
integrating
it
in
tandem
system
involving
Unipolar
Diffusion
Charger,
upstream
classifier
such
as
Centrifugal
Particle
Mass
Analyzer
(CPMA)
or
Aerodynamic
Aerosol
Classifier
(AAC)
Condensation
Counter
(CPC).
These
combinations
provide
mass,
aerodynamic
diameter
mobility
diameter,
enabling
particle
density.
Using
numerical
simulations,
show
density
various
aerosols
can
be
determined
within
5%
using
aforementioned
systems
over
extremely
wide
size
range
(30
nm
Small,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 5, 2025
Abstract
Assembling
1D
nanoparticles
(nanowires
(NW)
or
nanotubes)
as
networks
enables
bridging
multiple
scales
to
form
macroscopic
materials
such
fibers,
sheets
and
electrodes.
This
can
be
done
directly
in
the
gas
phase
from
nanoparticle
aerosols
grown
by
floating
catalyst
chemical
vapor
deposition
(FCCVD).
In
FCCVD
nanowires/nanotubes
grow
high
aspect
ratios
(10
2
–10
6
)
a
stream
agglomerate
an
aerogel.
work
studies
agglomeration
of
Si
nanowires
scanning
electron
microscopy
samples
taken
downstream
reaction
zone,
through
simulations
with
Brownian
collision
algorithm
models.
experimental
analysis
over
312
no
individualized
NWs
are
found,
only
agglomerates.
is
consistent
fast
binary
rates
0.24
s
estimated.
The
agglomerates
show
“fractal”
scaling,
fractional
dimension
D
f
1.8
size
increasing
number
power
1/D
,
diffusion
limited
cluster
aggregation
process.
Formation
nanowire
aerogel
involves
percolation
agglomerates,
therefore
occurring
at
much
lower
volume
fraction
than
for
particles
considering
excluded
theory.
Compared
carbon
nanotubes
higher
ratio,
these
SiNWs
require
longer
residence
time
gelation.
