Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 22, 2023
Abstract
The
development
of
maize
(
Zea
mays
)
kernels
is
a
complex
physiological
process,
regulated
by
many
genes
in
spatio-temporal
manner.
However,
there
remain
unknown
regulatory
involved
kernel
development.
Here,
we
have
identified
gene
ZmZFP2
),
which
encodes
C4HC3-type
RING
zinc
finger
protein,
that
regulates
weight
and
size
based
on
the
suppression
subtractive
hybridization
from
endosperm
our
previous
studies.
Through
transgenic
technology,
over-expression
resulted
increased
compared
to
wild
type,
while
mutation
led
decreased
size.
Microscopic
observation
developing
revealed
affects
number
cells
their
filling,
as
well
starch
protein
contents
kernels.
shows
constitutive
expression
various
tissues.
Furthermore,
transcriptome
analysis
zmzfp2-ems
significantly
interfered
with
multiple
biological
processes,
especially
hormone
pathways
ubiquitin
degradation.
Together,
influencing
cell
providing
valuable
potential
for
increasing
yield.
ACS Agricultural Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(3), P. 274 - 282
Published: Jan. 13, 2024
As
a
primary
food
cereal,
maize
(Zea
mays
L.)
has
been
domesticated
for
thousands
of
years
and
undergoes
four
breeding
stages
to
date,
including
Breeding
1.0
(experience
breeding),
2.0
(experimental
3.0
(biological
4.0
(intelligent
breeding).
In
this
review,
we
focus
on
the
recent
advances
modern
strategies
their
applications
in
stage.
These
mainly
include
marker-assisted
selection,
genomic
genetic
engineering,
haploid
induced
breeding,
gene
editing,
synthetic
biology,
which
act
as
accelerators
lead
improvement
different
important
traits,
such
male
sterility,
grain
yield,
quality,
biotic
abiotic
stress
resistance,
nitrogen
use
efficiency.
Furthermore,
also
propose
several
promising
next
era
4.0,
will
improve
production
greatly
ensuring
global
security.
ACS Agricultural Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(1), P. 92 - 102
Published: Jan. 2, 2024
Recently,
China
released
its
first
5-year
plan
for
bioeconomy
development,
in
which
bioagriculture
was
identified
as
one
of
the
five
key
development
areas.
It
not
only
aims
to
cultivate
new
momentum
ensuring
food
security
but
also
outlines
a
direction
agro-biotechnology
innovation
and
bioindustry.
This
paper
elaborates
on
significance
agriculture
crucial
application
scenario
future
analyzes
demand
agricultural
biotechnology
context
China's
security.
Additionally,
it
summarizes
experiences
countries
regions,
such
United
States
European
Union
field
bioeconomy,
including
their
strategic
policies,
leading
technologies,
policy
impacts.
The
further
proposes
specific
ways
fully
leverage
supportive
role
These
methods
encompass
enhancement
capabilities,
biotechnological
achievements
agriculture,
refinement
regulatory
framework
biotechnology.
BMC Genomics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(1)
Published: April 23, 2024
Abstract
Background
Jasmonate
(JA)
is
the
important
phytohormone
to
regulate
plant
growth
and
adaption
stress
signals.
MYC2,
an
bHLH
transcription
factor,
master
regulator
of
JA
signaling.
Although
MYC2
in
maize
has
been
identified,
its
function
remains
be
clarified.
Results
To
understand
regulatory
mechanism
maize,
joint
analysis
DAP-seq
RNA-seq
conducted
identify
binding
sites
target
genes
ZmMYC2.
A
total
3183
are
detected
both
data,
potentially
as
directly
regulating
These
involved
various
biological
processes
including
response.
Besides
classic
cis
-elements
like
G-box
E-box
that
bound
by
some
new
motifs
also
revealed
recognized
ZmMYC2,
such
nGCATGCAnn,
AAAAAAAA,
CACGTGCGTGCG.
The
many
ZmMYC2
identified
IGV-sRNA.
Conclusions
All
together,
abundant
characterized
with
their
sites,
providing
basis
construct
network
better
understanding
for
signaling
maize.
The Plant Genome,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
18(1)
Published: Jan. 27, 2025
Abstract
Wheat
breeders
are
constantly
looking
for
genes
and
alleles
that
increase
grain
yield.
One
key
strategy
is
finding
new
genetic
resources
in
the
wild
domesticated
gene
pools
of
related
species
with
affecting
size.
This
study
explored
a
natural
population
Triticum
turgidum
(L.)
phenotyped
weight
size‐related
traits
three
field
trials
genotyped
single
nucleotide
polymorphism
markers
spread
across
entire
genome.
The
genome‐wide
association
analysis
identified
39
quantitative
trait
loci
(QTL)
1000‐kernel
weight,
length,
width,
area,
aspect
consistent
at
least
two
environments.
Interestingly,
23
QTL
grain‐related
were
grouped
nine
clusters
located
on
chromosomes
1A,
1B,
2B,
3B,
4B,
5A,
6B,
respectively.
Moreover,
most
these
support
findings
from
previous
analyses
further
strengthened
by
known
functions
(such
as
BG2
,
GS5
SRS3
)
their
similarity
to
other
cereal
species.
harbored
participate
various
metabolic
processes
potentially
involved
seed
development,
phytohormone
signaling,
sugar
transport,
mitogen‐activated
protein
kinases
transcriptional
factors
MADS‐box
WRKY).
Identifying
controlling
will
provide
information
available
improve
yield,
well
opportunity
develop
close
be
used
marker‐assisted
selection
programs.
The Plant Journal,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
121(3)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
SUMMARY
The
optimal
plant
architecture,
characterized
by
short
stature,
helps
mitigate
lodging,
enables
high‐density
planting,
and
facilitates
mechanized
harvesting.
Internode
length
(IL),
a
crucial
component
of
height
in
maize,
plays
significant
role
these
processes.
However,
the
genetic
mechanisms
underlying
internode
elongation
remain
poorly
understood.
In
this
study,
we
conducted
genome‐wide
association
study
to
dissect
architecture
IL
maize.
lengths
five
internodes
above
below
ear
(referred
as
IL‐related
traits)
were
collected
across
multiple
environments,
revealing
substantial
variation.
A
total
108
quantitative
trait
loci
(QTL)
associated
with
11
traits,
17
QTL
co‐detected
different
traits.
Notably,
three
have
been
selected
maize
breeding
progress.
Three
hundred
genes
found
operate
through
hormone
signal
transduction,
receptor
activity,
carbon
metabolism
pathways,
influencing
elongation.
ZmIL1
,
which
encodes
alcohol
dehydrogenase,
exhibited
high
expression
level
during
vegetative
stage
has
Chinese
modern
breeding.
Additionally,
ZmIL2
ZmIL3
emerged
other
regulators
IL.
Importantly,
potential
applications
varieties
Huang‐Huai‐Hai
region.
This
represents
first
comprehensive
report
on
nearly
all
ILs
providing
profound
insights
into
resources.
These
findings
hold
implications
for
dwarf
programs
aimed
at
optimizing
enhancing
agronomic
performance.
Plants,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(6), P. 959 - 959
Published: March 19, 2025
Maize
kernel
traits
represent
crucial
agronomic
characteristics
that
significantly
determine
yield
potential.
Analyzing
the
genetic
basis
of
these
is
essential
for
improvement.
In
this
study,
we
utilized
1283
maize
inbred
lines
to
investigate
three
kernel-related
characteristics:
length
(KL),
width
(KW),
and
100-kernel
weight
(HKW).
We
conducted
a
genome-wide
association
study
(GWAS)
on
traits,
resulting
in
identification
29
associated
SNPs
six
candidate
genes.
Additionally,
compiled
quantitative
trait
loci
(QTL)
information
765
from
56
studies,
meta-analysis
QTL,
identified
65
meta-QTLs
(MQTLs).
Among
23
MQTLs,
found
25
functional
genes
reported
related
traits.
26
homologs
across
19
MQTLs
by
utilizing
affect
rice
grain
compared
significant
detected
with
physical
locations
3
were
located
within
MQTL
intervals,
another
10
proximity
being
less
than
2
Mb
away,
although
they
not
included
intervals.
The
results
provide
theoretical
foundation
elucidating
advancing
molecular
marker-assisted
breeding
selection.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: March 24, 2025
Grain
size
significantly
affects
rice
yield
and
quality.
Although
several
genes
that
regulate
grain
have
been
identified,
their
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
In
this
study,
we
characterized
the
swg5
mutant,
which
has
a
smaller
plant
height,
shorter
panicles,
grains
compared
to
wild
type
(WT).
MutMap
resequencing
gene
knockout
analysis
identified
SWG5
,
encoding
kinesin-13a
protein,
new
allele
of
SRS3
positively
regulates
length
weight.
RNA
sequencing
analyses
revealed
is
involved
in
diterpenoid
biosynthesis,
amino
sugar
metabolism,
pentose-glucuronate
interconversions.
Furthermore,
young
panicles
mutant
exhibited
decreased
sucrose
invertase
activity
as
well
reduced
starch
content.
These
findings
indicate
SWG5/SRS3
plays
significant
role
influencing
weight
rice.
This
research
provides
valuable
insights
into
breeding
varieties
with
improved
