Exploring the Benefits and Prescribing Informations of Combining East Asian Herbal Medicine with Conventional Medicine in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Multifaceted Analysis of 415 Randomized Controlled Trials

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107616 - 107616

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Notwithstanding progress in conventional medicine (CM), the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) continues to be problematic due factors such as limited patient response treatment and restricted medication access. This study aimed evaluate extent which East Asian herbal with CM combination therapy (EACM) provides additional benefits effectiveness safety. We conducted a comprehensive search across 11 databases English, Chinese, Korean, Japanese for randomized controlled trials. The review followed Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses guidelines, using American College Rheumatology (ACR) 20/50/70 Response Criteria incidence adverse events (AEI) primary outcomes. meta-analysis was performed random-effects model. quality each assessed according RoB 2. Of 1,036 full-text articles screened, 415 were included review. data from 37,839 participants. EACM associated higher ACR responses: 20 (RR: 1.2332; 95% CI: 1.1852 1.2831, p < 0.0001), 50 1.3782; 1.2936 1.4684, 70 1.7084; 1.5555 1.8762, well favorable AEI (OR: 0.3977; 0.3476 0.4551, indicating both better efficacy safety compared alone. These patterns consistent eight secondary outcomes measuring pain, inflammation, disease activity RA. Subgroup analyses showed that EACM's effects independent control type. Through analysis polyherbal prescription dataset, we identified 18 key herbs 16 significant rules, further supported by relevant preclinical evidence. synergistic combinations anticipated most pharmacologically influential contributing outcomes, substantiated analytical metrics including network topology intricate association pattern evaluations. findings suggest may serve valuable complementary strategy RA patients insufficiently managed In particular, given index integrates multiple aspects patients, results are expected provide decision support who do not respond therapy, medical economic reasons. Additionally, derived through multifaceted analysis, actively reflect clinicians' implicit preferences prescribing EACMs, important hypotheses research clinical application. However, qualitative quantitative improvements needed more definitive conclusions. Further prescriptions presented this will direction future research.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Tongxinluo Capsule in Cardiac Disease: Composition, Mechanisms, and Applications

Cardiology in Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2025

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has remained the leading cause of death among adults for more than one hundred years. With persistently suboptimal outcomes and a profound economic burden on our healthcare system, there is growing interest in alternative treatment approaches CVD. One such approach Tongxinluo (TXL) capsules, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). TXL commonly used China offers potentially safe, efficacious, cost-effective option. To address limited awareness United States, this narrative review will provide broad overview its composition, pharmacological mechanisms, clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Aromatic Molecular Compatibility Attenuates Influenza Virus-Induced Acute Lung Injury via the Lung–Gut Axis and Lipid Droplet Modulation

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 468 - 468

Published: March 26, 2025

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a major cause of death in patients with various viral pneumonias. Our team previously identified four volatile compounds from aromatic Chinese medicines. Based on molecular compatibility theory, we defined their combination as (AC), though its therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods: This study used influenza A virus (IAV) A/PR/8/34 to construct cell mouse models ALI explore AC’s protective against infection. The effect AC was verified by evaluating the antiviral efficacy models, including improvements colon inflammation, oxidative stress, suppression NLRP3 inflammasome. In addition, 16S rDNA lipid metabolomics were analyze potential AC. Results: vitro vivo studies demonstrated that increased survival IAV-infected cells mice, inhibited replication expression proinflammatory factors tissues, ameliorated barrier damage colonic tissues. ROS inflammasome improved inflammatory infiltration into Finally, effectively regulated intestinal flora disorders metabolism model significantly reduced cholesterol triglyceride expression, thus abnormal accumulation droplets (LDs) after IAV Conclusions: this study, could treat IAV-induced ALIs through multiple pathways, anti-inflammatory pathways modulation LDs.

Language: Английский

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Natural products protect against spinal cord injury by inhibiting ferroptosis: a literature review

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 3, 2025

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe traumatic condition that frequently results in various neurological disabilities, including significant sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunctions. Ferroptosis, recently identified non-apoptotic form of cell death, characterized by the accumulation reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular iron overload, lipid peroxidation, ultimately culminating death. Recent studies have demonstrated ferroptosis plays critical role pathophysiology SCI, contributing significantly to neural demise. Three key cellular enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), been elucidated crucial components defense against ferroptosis. Natural products, which are bioactive compounds mostly derived from plants, garnered considerable attention for their potential therapeutic effects. Numerous reported several natural products can effectively mitigate death alleviate SCI symptoms. This review summarizes fifteen containing (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), Proanthocyanidin, Carnosic acid, Astragaloside IV, Trehalose, 8-gingerol, Quercetin, Resveratrol, Albiflorin, Alpha-tocopherol, Celastrol, Hispolon, Dendrobium Nobile Polysaccharide, Silibinin, Tetramethylpyrazine shown promise treating inhibiting Additionally, this provides an overview mechanisms involved these proposes perspectives guide future research directions.

Language: Английский

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Inhibitory Effects of Reynoutria japonica Houtt. on Pain and Cartilage Breakdown in Osteoarthritis Based on Its Multifaceted Anti-Inflammatory Activity: An In Vivo and In Vitro Approach

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(19), P. 10647 - 10647

Published: Oct. 3, 2024

In the past 30 years, number of years lived with disability due to osteoarthritis (OA) has doubled, making it an increasing global health burden. To address this issue, interventions that inhibit progressive pathology driven by age-related low-grade inflammation, primary mechanism OA, are being actively pursued. Recent investigations have focused on modulating inflammatory disease as a therapeutic target. However, no agent successfully halted disease’s progression or reversed its irreversible course. Reynoutria japonica Houtt. (RJ), promising East Asian herbal medicine, been utilized for several diseases potent anti-inflammatory activity. This study aims determine RJ’s capacity OA symptoms and associated exploring potential further development. vivo in vitro experiments demonstrated anti-OA activity modulation multifaceted targets. RJ significantly inhibited pain, gait deterioration, cartilage destruction monosodium iodoacetate-induced rat model, analgesic effect confirmed acetic acid-induced writhing model. exhibited consistent against multiple targets serum model lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The inhibition cytokines, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, matrix metalloproteinase-13, tumor necrosis factor-α, nitric oxide synthase 2, suggests alleviation manifestations relates These results indicate merits investigation disease-modifying drug candidate targeting OA’s pathology. characterize pharmacological properties RJ, future studies expanded designs warranted.

Language: Английский

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Elemene Hydrogel Modulates the Tumor Immune Microenvironment for Enhanced Treatment of Postoperative Cancer Recurrence and Metastases

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 3, 2024

As a representative active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and clinically approved anticancer drug, elemene (ELE) exhibits exciting potential in the antitumor field; however, appropriate drug formulations still need to be explored for specific diseases such as postoperative cancer recurrence metastasis. Herein, we report an ELE hydrogel with controlled release kinetics that can allow maintain effective concentrations at local lesion sites extended periods enhance bioavailability ELE. Concretely, dopamine-conjugated hyaluronic acid is synthesized utilized prepare nanodrug-embedded hydrogels. In model breast metastasis, demonstrates 96% inhibition rate recurrence; contrast, free nanodrug shows only 65.5% recurrence. Importantly, markedly stimulates potent immune response microenvironment lesions, increasing cells CD8+ T cells, CD4+ M1-type macrophages, well elevating cytokines including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6. Overall, this study not advances field TCM but also highlights transformative impact controlled-release hydrogels improving therapy.

Language: Английский

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