Vaccine adjuvants: mechanisms and platforms

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: July 19, 2023

Abstract Adjuvants are indispensable components of vaccines. Despite being widely used in vaccines, their action mechanisms not yet clear. With a greater understanding the by which innate immune response controls antigen-specific response, adjuvants’ beginning to be elucidated. can categorized as immunostimulants and delivery systems. Immunostimulants danger signal molecules that lead maturation activation antigen-presenting cells (APCs) targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) other pattern recognition (PRRs) promote production antigen signals co-stimulatory signals, turn enhance adaptive responses. On hand, systems carrier materials facilitate presentation prolonging bioavailability loaded antigens, well antigens lymph nodes or APCs. The systematically summarized at this review. This is followed an introduction mechanisms, properties, progress classical vaccine adjuvants. Furthermore, since some adjuvants under investigation exhibit potency than adjuvants, could compensate for deficiencies summary adjuvant platforms subsequently presented. Notably, we highlight different immunological properties these platforms, will provide wide range options rational design basis, review points out development prospects problems should paid attention future.

Language: Английский

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Self-Assembled STING-Activating Coordination Nanoparticles for Cancer Immunotherapy and Vaccine Applications

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(15), P. 10439 - 10453

Published: April 3, 2024

The cGAS-STING pathway plays a crucial role in innate immune activation against cancer and infections, STING agonists based on cyclic dinucleotides (CDN) have garnered attention for their potential use immunotherapy vaccines. However, the limited drug-like properties of CDN necessitate an efficient delivery system to system. To address these challenges, we developed immunostimulatory agonists. Here, examined aqueous coordination interactions between metal ions report that mixed with Zn2+ Mn2+ formed distinctive crystal structures. Further pharmaceutical engineering led development functional nanoparticle, termed Zinc–Mn–CDN Particle (ZMCP), produced by simple one-pot synthesis. Local or systemic administration ZMCP exerted robust antitumor efficacy mice. Importantly, recombinant protein antigens from SARS-CoV-2 can be simply loaded during resulting elicited strong cellular humoral responses neutralized SARS-CoV-2, highlighting as self-adjuvant vaccine platform COVID-19 other infectious pathogens. Overall, this work establishes paradigm developing translational nanomedicine drug–metal ion broadens applicability medicine proteins biologics.

Language: Английский

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Nanomaterial-encapsulated STING agonists for immune modulation in cancer therapy

Biomarker Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Jan. 7, 2024

Abstract The cGAS-STING signaling pathway has emerged as a critical mediator of innate immune responses, playing crucial role in improving antitumor immunity through effector responses. Targeting the holds promise for overcoming immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments (TME) and promoting effective elimination. However, systemic administration current STING agonists faces challenges related to low bioavailability potential adverse effects, thus limiting their clinical applicability. Recently, nanotechnology-based strategies have been developed modulate TMEs robust immunotherapeutic encapsulation delivery within nanoparticles (STING-NPs) present an attractive avenue immunotherapy. This review explores range designed encapsulate agonists, highlighting benefits, including favorable biocompatibility, improved penetration, efficient intracellular agonists. also summarizes immunomodulatory impacts STING-NPs on TME, enhanced secretion pro-inflammatory cytokines chemokines, dendritic cell activation, cytotoxic T priming, macrophage re-education, vasculature normalization. Furthermore, offers insights into co-delivered nanoplatforms involving alongside agents such chemotherapeutic compounds, checkpoint inhibitors, antigen peptides, other adjuvants. These platforms demonstrate remarkable versatility inducing immunogenic responses ultimately amplifying

Language: Английский

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Molecular dynamics simulation and experimental research on the influence of SiO2-H2O nanofluids on wettability of low-rank coal

Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 679, P. 132580 - 132580

Published: Oct. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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Nanomaterial-mediated modulation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway for enhanced cancer immunotherapy

Acta Biomaterialia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176, P. 51 - 76

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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STING agonist-conjugated metal-organic framework induces artificial leukocytoid structures and immune hotspots for systemic antitumor responses

National Science Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7)

Published: May 10, 2024

ABSTRACT Radiotherapy is widely used for cancer treatment, but its clinical utility limited by radioresistance and inability to target metastases. Nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown promise as high-Z nanoradiosensitizers enhance radiotherapy induce immunostimulatory regulation of the tumor microenvironment. We hypothesized that MOFs could deliver small-molecule therapeutics synergize with enhanced antitumor efficacy. Herein, we develop a robust nanoradiosensitizer, GA-MOF, conjugating STING agonist, 2′,3′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate (GA), on synergistic radiosensitization activation. GA-MOF demonstrated strong anticancer efficacy forming immune-cell-rich nodules (artificial leukocytoid structures) transforming them into hotspots radiotherapy. Further combination an immune checkpoint blockade suppressed distant tumors through systemic Our work not only demonstrates potent also provides detailed mechanisms regarding MOF distribution, regulatory pathways long-term effects.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing Dendritic Cell Activation Through Manganese-Coated Nanovaccine Targeting the cGAS-STING Pathway

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 263 - 280

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Background: Nanovaccines have emerged as a promising vaccination strategy, exhibiting their capacity to deliver antigens and adjuvants elicit specific immune responses. Despite this potential, optimizing the design delivery of nanovaccines remains challenge. Methods: In study, we engineered dendritic mesoporous silica-based nanocarrier enveloped in metal-phenolic network (MPN) layer containing divalent manganese ions tannic acid (MSN@MT). This was tailored for antigen loading serve nanovaccine, aiming activate cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway cells (DCs). Our experimental approach encompassed both cellular assays mouse immunizations, allowing comprehensive evaluation nanovaccine's impact on DC activation its influence generation antigen-specific T-cell Results: MSN@MT demonstrated remarkable enhancement humoral responses mice compared control groups. highlights potential effectively trigger cGAS-STING DCs, resulting robust Conclusion: study introduces MSN@MT, unique incorporating acid, showcasing exceptional ability amplify by activating DCs. innovation signifies stride refining nanovaccine potent activation. Keywords: nanocarrier, network, ions,

Language: Английский

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CaCO3-coated hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles for pH-responsive fungicides release

Chinese Chemical Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(12), P. 109697 - 109697

Published: March 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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In situ bio-mineralized Mn nanoadjuvant enhances anti-influenza immunity of recombinant virus-like particle vaccines

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 368, P. 275 - 289

Published: March 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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Design Principles for Immunomodulatory Biomaterials

ACS Applied Bio Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 26, 2024

The immune system is imperative to the survival of all biological organisms. A functional protects organism by detecting and eliminating foreign host aberrant molecules. Conversely, a dysfunctional characterized an overactive or weakened causes life-threatening autoimmune immunodeficiency diseases. Therefore, critical need exists develop technologies that regulate ensure homeostasis treat several Accumulating evidence shows biomaterials─artificial materials (polymers, metals, ceramics, engineered cells tissues) interact with systems─can trigger responses, offering science-based strategy modulate system. This Review discusses expanding frontiers biomaterial-based immunomodulation, focusing on principles for designing these materials. also presents examples immunomodulatory biomaterials, which include polymers metal- carbon-based nanomaterials, capable regulating innate adaptive systems.

Language: Английский

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