Journal of Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
2023, P. 1 - 36
Published: March 31, 2023
The
isolation
of
nanocellulose
has
been
extensively
investigated
due
to
the
growing
demand
for
sustainable
green
materials.
Cellulose
nanocrystals
(CNCs)
and
cellulose
nanofibers
(CNFs),
which
have
same
chemical
composition
but
different
morphology,
particle
size,
crystallinity,
other
properties
depending
on
precursor
synthesis
method
used.
In
comparison,
CNC
particles
a
short
rod-like
shape
smaller
dimensions
when
compared
CNF
in
form
fibers.
was
carried
out
chemically
(hydrolysis
method),
mechanically
(homogenization,
ball
milling,
grinding),
both
can
be
modified
because
they
large
surface
area
are
rich
hydroxyl
groups.
Modifications
were
made
increase
adsorption
ability
heavy
metal
ions.
Fourier
transform
infrared
spectroscopy
(FTIR),
X-ray
diffraction
(XRD),
scanning
electron
microscopy
(SEM),
transmission
(TEM),
thermogravimetric
(TG),
dynamic
light
scattering
(DLS)
reveal
characteristics
morphology
CNCs
CNFs.
success
effectiveness
process
influenced
by
few
factors.
These
factors
include
adsorbent
structure
changes,
area,
availability
active
sites
adsorbent’s
surface,
constants,
ionic
size
differences,
pH,
temperature,
dosage,
contact
time
during
process.
this
review,
we
will
discuss
CNFs
synthesized
from
various
precursors
methods,
modification
application
as
ion
adsorbents,
includes
suitable
isotherm
kinetics
models
effect
pH
selectivity
types
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(1)
Published: March 31, 2022
Abstract
The
resources
of
clean
water
worldwide
are
very
limited,
and
climate
change
is
already
affecting
the
available
supplies.
Therefore,
developing
a
low-cost,
highly
efficient,
recyclable
adsorbent
to
upgrade
quality
has
become
an
essential
task.
Herein,
we
report
fabrication
activated
carbon
(AC)
adsorbents
derived
from
lignocellulosic
wastes.
Both
physical
chemical
activation
were
investigated
modify
surface
texture
properties.
results
indicated
that
increasing
temperature,
whether
physically
or
chemically,
increases
specific
area
(S
BET
).
On
contrary,
amount
activating
agent
significantly
decreases
S
values.
1771,
2120,
2490
m
2
g
−1
obtained
for
vapor,
K
CO
3
KOH,
at
temperatures
950
°C,
800
respectively.
Methylene
blue
(MB)
phenol
used
as
adsorbates
adsorption
experiment.
Adsorption
methylene
dye
revealed
ability
remove
more
than
95%
(100
ppm)
within
5
min
with
capacity
148.8
mg
.
For
adsorption,
Several
parameters
investigated,
including
initial
concentration
(50–250
ppm),
pH
(2–10),
contact
time
(5–60
min),
temperature
(25–45
°C).
highest
achieved
was
158.9
kinetics
better
described
by
pseudo-second-order
reaction
while
isotherm
process
using
Langmuir
model.
This
study
presents
roadmap
conversion
biomass
waste
into
efficient
porous
adsorbents.
Polymers,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(13), P. 2972 - 2972
Published: July 7, 2023
The
research
of
starch
as
a
matrix
material
for
manufacturing
biodegradable
films
has
been
gaining
popularity
in
recent
years,
indicating
its
potential
and
possible
limitations.
To
compete
with
conventional
petroleum-based
plastics,
an
enhancement
their
low
resistance
to
water
limited
mechanical
properties
is
essential.
This
review
aims
discuss
the
various
types
nanofillers
additives
that
have
used
plasticized
including
nanoclays
(montmorillonite,
halloysite,
kaolinite,
etc.),
poly-saccharide
(cellulose,
starch,
chitin,
chitosan
nanomaterials),
metal
oxides
(titanium
dioxide,
zinc
oxide,
zirconium
essential
oils
(carvacrol,
eugenol,
cinnamic
acid).
These
reinforcements
are
frequently
enhance
several
physical
characteristics
properties,
thermal
stability,
moisture
resistance,
oxygen
barrier
capabilities,
biodegradation
rate,
providing
antimicrobial
antioxidant
properties.
paper
will
provide
overview
development
starch-based
nanocomposite
coatings
applied
food
packaging
systems
through
application
additives.
