African Journal of Biology and Medical Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(3), P. 55 - 67
Published: Aug. 14, 2024
This
study
was
designed
to
examine
100
samples
of
bottled
drinking
water
from
20
different
markets
across
Iraq.
Samples
were
examined
using
the
membrane
method.
Among
32
samples,
fungi
ranged
between
29
-
388
colonies/100
ml,
with
19
having
a
colony
percentage
below
permissible
limit
and
13
higher
than
maximum
level
specified
in
International
Standard
for
Water
(no
more
ml).
So
12
fungal
species
found
product
(Aspergillus
niger,
Aspergillus
terreus,
parasiticus,
Penicillium
italicum,
expansum,
glabrum,
Alternaria
alternate,
Bipolaris
spp.,
Trichoderma
Rhizopus
Chladosporium
cladosporioides,
yeast
)
The
results
showed
that
same
isolated
both
plastic
packaging.
Antibiotic
susceptibility
tests
(ketoconazole,
griseofulvin,
itraconazole)
effective
against
fungi.
Microorganisms,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(8), P. 1573 - 1573
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
Microbial
infections
caused
by
bacteria,
viruses,
and
fungi
pose
significant
global
health
threats
in
diverse
environments.
While
conventional
disinfection
methods
are
effective,
their
reliance
on
frequent
chemical
applications
raises
concerns
about
resistance
environmental
impact.
Photodynamic
self-disinfecting
surfaces
have
emerged
as
a
promising
alternative.
These
incorporate
photosensitizers
that,
when
exposed
to
light,
produce
reactive
oxygen
species
target
eliminate
microbial
pathogens.
This
review
explores
the
concept
mechanism
of
photodynamic
surfaces,
highlighting
variety
characteristics
integrated
into
range
light
sources
used
across
different
applications.
It
also
highlights
effectiveness
these
against
broad
spectrum
pathogens,
including
fungi,
while
discussing
potential
for
providing
continuous
antimicrobial
protection
without
reapplication.
Additionally,
addresses
both
advantages
limitations
associated
with
concludes
future
perspectives
advancing
this
technology
meet
ongoing
challenges
infection
control.
Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
24(3)
Published: April 22, 2025
Abstract
Biofilm
formation
on
dairy
equipment
is
a
persistent
challenge
in
the
industry,
contributing
to
product
contamination,
inefficiency,
and
economic
losses.
Traditional
methods
such
as
manual
cleaning
basic
chemical
sanitation
are
discussed
foundational
approaches,
followed
by
an
in‐depth
investigation
of
cutting‐edge
technologies,
including
clean‐in‐place
systems,
high‐pressure
cleaning,
foam
ultrasonic
electrochemical
dry
ice
blasting,
robotics,
nanotechnology‐based
agents,
enzymatic
cleaners,
oxidizing
agents.
Enhanced
techniques,
steam,
pulsed
light,
acidic
alkaline
electrolyzed
water,
hydrogen
peroxide
vapor,
microbubble
technology,
biodegradable
biocides,
highlighted
for
their
potential
achieve
superior
while
promoting
sustainability.
The
effectiveness,
feasibility,
limitations
these
evaluated,
emphasizing
role
maintaining
hygiene
reducing
biofilm‐associated
risks.
Additionally,
challenges,
compatibility,
cost,
regulatory
compliance,
addressed,
along
with
insights
into
future
directions
innovations,
automation,
smart
green
solutions.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
resource
researchers,
industry
professionals,
policymakers
aiming
tackle
biofilm
production
systems
enhance
food
safety,
operational
efficiency,
