Mechanisms of Lung Damage and Development of COPD Due to Household Biomass-Smoke Exposure: Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, MicroRNAs, and Gene Polymorphisms

Cells, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 67 - 67

Published: Dec. 23, 2022

Chronic exposure to indoor biomass smoke from the combustion of solid organic fuels is a major cause disease burden worldwide. Almost 3 billion people use such as wood, charcoal, and crop residues for cooking heating, accounting approximately 50% all households 90% rural globally. Biomass contains many hazardous pollutants, resulting in household air pollution (HAP) that often exceeds international standards. Long-term biomass-smoke associated with Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) adults, leading morbidity mortality worldwide, chronic bronchitis, other lung conditions. smoke-associated COPD differs best-known cigarette smoke-induced several aspects, slower decline function, greater airway involvement, less emphysema, which suggests different phenotype pathophysiology. Despite high biomass-associated COPD, molecular, genetic, epigenetic mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis are poorly understood. This review describes pathogenic potentially involved damage, development wood-derived exposure, influence genetic factors on this disease.

Language: Английский

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The Effects of Wildfire Smoke on Asthma and Allergy

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(7), P. 375 - 387

Published: May 12, 2023

Language: Английский

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Effective density of inhaled environmental and engineered nanoparticles and its impact on the lung deposition and dosimetry

Particle and Fibre Toxicology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Airborne environmental and engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are inhaled deposited in the respiratory system. The dose of such NPs their deposition location lung determines impact on health. When calculating NP using particle inhalation models, a common approach is to use bulk material density, ρ

Language: Английский

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A review of the physicochemical characteristics of ultrafine particle emissions from domestic solid fuel combustion during cooking and heating

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 886, P. 163747 - 163747

Published: May 4, 2023

Residential solid fuel combustion has increased because of rising energy costs but little is known about the emission characteristics unregulated pollutants such as ultrafine particles (UFPs). This review aims to characterise emissions and chemical composition UFPs, build an understanding particle number size distribution (PSD), assesses factors affecting emission, efficacy mitigation strategies. A systematic appraisal literature suggests that from domestic are influenced by quality type fuels, stove types, conditions. Low volatile matter content fuels smokeless emit lesser PM2.5, NOX, SO2 than high wood. However, CO does not directly correlate with content, depend on air supply, temperature, size. Majority UFPs emitted during coking flaming phases combustion. Since have a large surface area, they adsorb significant amounts hazardous metals chemicals PAHs, As, Pb, NO3 in addition minor C, Ca Fe. Emission factor based concentration (PNC) can range 0.2 2 × 1015 # kg-1 fuel. were found be reduced improved stoves, mineral additives, or small-scale electrostatic precipitators (ESP). In fact, cook stoves increase UFP compared conventional stoves. demonstrated 35-66 % reduction PM2.5 emissions. Using within home puts occupants at risk being exposed concentrations short period time. As there limited studies topic further research different heating required better understand their UFPs.

Language: Английский

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Utilization of hemp stalk as a potential resource for bioenergy

Materials Science for Energy Technologies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7, P. 19 - 28

Published: July 6, 2023

Recent concerns regarding climate change and rising energy costs have dramatically increased interest in using alternative energies, especially biomass which is carbon neutral. Hemp among the fastest-growing plants with unique fiber characteristics. The objective of this study was to investigate physical chemical properties hemp stalks seven different clones assess their feasibility as a sustainable bioenergy resource. Seven (KU03, KU18, KU27, KU45, KU49, RPF1, RPF2) four-month-old (Cannabis sativa) were used work. Physical properties, volatile content, fixed carbon, ash calorific value, composition, metal element samples investigated. results revealed that stalk had desirable fuel characteristics high substance, heating low very nitrogen non-detectable sulfur. Selecting well-adapted appropriate technology can convert suitable forms are important aspects bioresource management. Based on our findings, some selected clone possessed excellent great potential be raw material for production.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing flame retardant wood’s versatility and adjustable properties through multi-scale micro-coating strategy

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 495, P. 153293 - 153293

Published: June 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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Physicochemical Characterization of the Particulate Matter in New Jersey/New York City Area, Resulting from the Canadian Quebec Wildfires in June 2023

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(33), P. 14753 - 14763

Published: July 10, 2024

The global increase in wildfires, primarily driven by climate change, significantly affects air quality and health. Wildfire-emitted particulate matter (WFPM) is linked to adverse health effects, yet the toxicological mechanisms are not fully understood given its physicochemical complexity lack of spatiotemporal exposure data. This study focuses on characterization WFPM from a Canadian wildfire June 2023, which affected over 100 million people US Northeast, particularly around New Jersey/New York. Aerosol systems were deployed characterize during 3 day event, revealing unprecedented mass concentrations mainly

Language: Английский

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Health impacts of biomass burning aerosols: Relation to oxidative stress and inflammation

Aerosol Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(10), P. 1093 - 1113

Published: July 24, 2024

Exposure to biomass-burning particulate matter (PM) is associated with various adverse health effects, including respiratory and cardiovascular conditions, cancer, systemic effects. Multiple mechanisms underlying PM toxicity components derived from biomass burning elicit harmful such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, inflammation, genotoxicity, tissue-specific damage. Specific compounds or families of present in PM, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) their derivatives, have been identified key contributors the observed Their roles oxidative stress, DNA damage, cell death elucidated organs, lungs, liver, kidneys, brain, providing valuable insights into biological influence biomass-burning-related diseases. Current knowledge impact highlights imperative need for further research understand implications this environmental challenge importance mitigating effects increased exposure pollution protect well-being exposed populations worldwide. This review focuses on crucial stress inflammation mediating triggered by aerosols. It examines aspects health-related impacts emissions, particularly those components. The consequences populations, emphasizing specific biochemical responses, contributions mechanisms, responsible these

Language: Английский

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Assessment of the safety of short-term exposure of peat thermal degradation products in sublethal concentrations on rats

Toxicological Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 33(1), P. 5 - 16

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Introduction. The lack of information about the health safety firefighters and those taking part in extinguishing landscape fires from short-term exposure to sublethal concentrations carbon monoxide determines relevance this work. Material methods. study on rats used methods for assessing state central nervous system, including behavioral tests, electroencephalography, morphology cerebral cortex, cardiac tissue, testes liver. Chemical research included determination content CO PM2.5 air chamber. Genotoxicity blood cells was determined by DNA comet method. Results. experiment showed that peat smoke with a level CO=99±2.5 mg/m3 PM2.5=0.72±0.3 30 minutes had no pronounced adverse effect male rats. results studying motor behavior animals, EEG parameters, structure cardiomyocytes, epicardium, myocardium pericardium did not differ control In tissue sensorimotor cortex experimental group, an increase number acts neuronophagy revealed, liver – decrease polynuclear hepatocytes. animals exposed smoke, spermatogenesis index which demonstrates violation formation germ final stages spermatogenesis. No genotoxic detected. Collectively, identified changes may indicate compensatory reaction rat body when ingested toxicants. Conclusion. toxicity multicomponent mixture forest biomass combustion products exposure, containing concentration 100 mg/m3, be underestimated predicting long-term effects reproductive potential adult population. Limitation. It is caused uncertainties related insufficient high solid particles nervous, reproductive, genome/epigenome system

Language: Английский

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Impact of Canadian Wildfire-Emitted Particulate Matter on THP-1 Lung Macrophage Health and Function

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Increasing frequency and intensity of climate-driven wildfires in recent years have resulted increased human exposures to wildfire smoke raised serious public health concerns. One potential risk exposure is the impairment that it may cause lung macrophages, which serve as first line defense against inhaled pathogens particles. Size-fractionated particulate matter (WFPM) collected New Jersey/New York metropolitan area during June 2023 Canadian event was used assess effect on function THP-1 macrophages. Environmentally relevant vitro WFPM doses were determined using established vivo dosimetry models. Exposure WFPM0.1–2.5 (0.1–2.5 μm) for 24 h caused a significant (∼15%) increase reactive oxygen species, indicating oxidative stress. More importantly, either WFPM0.1 (≤0.1 or significantly reduced macrophage viability. Additionally, fractions phagocytosis unopsonized 1 μm polystyrene beads by approximately 50%, appeared be due defect binding, could turn result scavenger receptor blockade diminished viability thus ATP depletion, depriving macrophages energy required perform phagocytosis. Together, these findings suggest impair function, susceptibility respiratory infections. Further mechanistic studies are warranted better understand impacts innate immunity pulmonary infection.

Language: Английский

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