Animals,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(12), P. 1939 - 1939
Published: June 9, 2023
Cytochrome
P450
is
an
important
enzyme
that
metabolizes
a
variety
of
chemicals,
including
exogenous
substances,
such
as
drugs
and
environmental
endogenous
steroids,
fatty
acids,
cholesterol.
Some
CYPs
show
interspecific
differences
in
terms
genetic
variation.
As
little
known
about
the
mechanisms
elephant
metabolism,
we
carried
out
comparative
genomic
phylogenetic
analysis
CYP
elephants.
Our
results
suggest
genes
have
undergone
independent
duplication,
particularly
CYP2A,
CYP2C,
CYP3A
genes,
unique
cluster
specific
to
species.
However,
while
CYP2E
CYP4A
were
conserved
other
Afrotheria
taxa,
their
decay
elephants
resulted
dysfunction
(pseudogene).
These
findings
outline
several
remarkable
characteristics
CYP1–4
provide
new
insights
into
xenobiotic
metabolism.
Further
functional
investigations
are
necessary
characterize
CYP,
expression
patterns
interactions
with
sensitivities
chemicals.
Environment International,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
177, P. 108018 - 108018
Published: June 8, 2023
Microcystins
(MCs),
a
group
of
most
widespread
freshwater
cyanotoxins
that
possess
strong
neurotoxicity,
can
adversely
affect
brain
structures
and
functions
are
linked
to
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Despite
the
essential
role
lipids
in
functions,
lipidome
profile
mammals
exposed
MCs
remains
unexplored,
hindering
clear
understanding
neurotoxic
effects
underlying
mechanisms.
In
this
study,
we
performed
untargeted
lipidomic
profiling
using
ultra-performance
liquid
chromatography-mass
spectrometry
(UPLC-MS)
on
prefrontal
cortex
hippocampus
mice
orally
30
300
μg/kg
body
mass/day
microcystin-leucine
arginine
(MC-LR)
for
180
days
evaluate
impacts
MC-LR
functions.
Our
results
show
resulted
decline
cognitive
parameters,
as
assessed
by
Morris
water
maze
test.
Interestingly,
apparent
changes
were
observed
cortex,
but
not
hippocampus.
Comprehensive
analyses
uncovered
profound,
region-specific
phospholipid
sphingolipid
at
levels
lipid
subclasses,
species,
fatty
acyl
composition.
These
showed
overall
decrease
trends
content
yet
increasing
We
identified
distinct
transcriptional
regulations
metabolism
apoptosis
two
regions,
which
appeared
underlie
changes.
Collectively,
study
uncovers
induced
MCs,
shedding
light
dysfunction
neurotoxicity
mechanism
MCs.
Deleted Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
21(1)
Published: Nov. 20, 2024
The
rapid
rise
of
cyanotoxins
production
poses
a
serious
threat
to
global
freshwater
ecosystems
and
has
become
an
important
issue
public
health.
In
Africa,
continent
facing
environmental
problems,
including
poisoning
by
cyanotoxins,
knowledge
the
presence
distribution
these
toxins
remains
limited.
primary
objective
our
review
is
assess
occurrence
particularly
microcystins
(MCs),
in
African
ecosystems.
We
aim
analyze
limited
but
existing
literature
on
this
subject,
focusing
specifically
studies
published
between
2001
2023.
Recognizing
scarcity
research
topic
we
strive
elucidate
emerging
patterns
toxin
variants
their
correlation
with
variables,
such
as
water
temperature
nutrient
concentrations.
Our
investigation
reveals
MCs
predominant
cyanobacterial
secondary
metabolites
detected
across
majority
environments
where
have
been
documented.
Furthermore,
concentrations
exceeded
World
Health
Organization's
(WHO)
provisional
guideline
for
lifetime
human
exposure
through
drinking
water,
which
set
at
1
µg
L−1,
indicated
data
Table
1.
Highly
significant
positive
relationships
were
found
toxin-producing
cyanobacteria
factors,
particular
Given
associated
risks
recommend
frequent
monitoring
quality,
development
guidelines
based
international
best
practice,
toxicity
tests,
epidemiological
investigations
understand
health
impacts
cyanotoxin
exposure.
These
measures
are
essential
both
protect
well-being
humans
ensure
sustainability
aquatic
Frontiers in Sensors,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
5
Published: Feb. 9, 2024
Introduction:
Globally,
the
need
for
measuring
exposure
to
algal
toxins
has
become
urgent
due
ever-increasing
reports
of
contamination
in
sea
and
freshwater,
shellfish
fish
stocks
aerosols.
Methods:
To
address
this
issue,
we
evaluated
potential
determining
autoantibodies
a
panel
biomarkers
known
be
elevated
following
hepatotoxin
microcystin
leucine-arginine.
The
presence
autoantibodies,
specific
four
selected
stress-response,
metabolomic
chaperone
biomarkers,
namely,
Heat
shock
protein
1,
Triosephosphate
isomerase,
Peroxiredoxin
1
2
was
employed
screening
371
serum
samples
from
microcystin-exposed
individuals
Tanzania.
In
addition,
capacity
LightDeck
fluorescence-based
detector,
point-of-use
device,
monitor
these
autoantibody
responses
comparison
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assay
evaluated.
Results:
By
using
determination
novel
an
altered
response
observed
exposure,
with
levels
generally
upregulated.
leucine-arginine
water,
as
well
food
sources
Tanzania,
may
potentially
have
significant
health
effects
on
population.
Discussion:
This
biomarker
detection
various
exposure-associated
cancers
(e.g.,
hepatocellular
cancer
colorectal
cancer).
utilisation
device
proved
successful
rapid
analysis
panel.
