Per-
and
polyfluorinated
alkyl
substances
(PFAS)
are
a
group
of
man-made
chemicals
significant
environmental
ecological
concern.
Several
PFAS
classified
as
persistent
organic
pollutants,
due
to
their
long
half-lives,
ability
bioaccumulate,
human
health
impacts.
Due
ubiquity
in
the
environment,
development
reliable
affordable
detection
tool
for
measuring
surface,
ground,
drinking,
waste
waters
is
priority.
To
address
this
concern,
design
tube
passive
sampler
has
been
modified
optimized
diverse
aqueous
environments
using
multiple
different
approaches
account
diversity
compounds
contaminant
dynamics.
Applied Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(11), P. 6696 - 6696
Published: May 31, 2023
More
than
7000
synthetic
compounds
known
as
per-
and
poly-fluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
are
applied
to
food
packaging
other
materials
provide
fat,
fire,
and/or
water
resistance
properties.
These
have
exceptional
environmental
stability
persistence
due
the
strong
C-F
chemical
bond,
earning
them
moniker
“forever
chemicals”.
Emission
of
PFAS
from
industrial
waste
leads
water,
air,
soil
contamination.
Due
this
ubiquitous
nature,
combined
with
fact
that
in
humans
carcinogenic
reprotoxic
effects
cause
vaccine
depression
immunity
system,
may
constitute
a
major
threat
human
health.
For
reason,
attention
scientific
community
control
bodies
is
increasing
consequence
legislation
literature
on
constantly
evolving.
This
review
aims
comprehensive
overview
state
art
about
current
addressing
PFAS;
targeted
screening
method
for
identification,
detection
quantification
toxicity
contamination
matrices
contact
matrices.
A
latest
research
recent
developments
will
insights
into
understanding
its
health
implications.
Moreover,
it
serve
valuable
reference
further
studies
related
could
help
informing
future
policy
decisions.
Humans
experience
widespread
exposure
to
anthropogenic
per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
through
various
media,
which
can
lead
a
wide
range
of
negative
health
impacts.
Tap
water
is
an
important
source
in
communities
with
any
degree
contamination
but
routine
or
large-scale
PFAS
monitoring
often
depends
on
targeted
analytical
methods
limited
measuring
specific
PFAS.
We
analyzed
680
tap
samples
from
the
American
Healthy
Homes
Survey
II
for
using
non-targeted
analysis
(NTA)
expand
detectable
Based
detection
frequency
relative
abundance,
about
half
identified
were
found
only
by
NTA.
(with
varying
degrees
confidence)
75
distinct
PFAS,
including
57
exclusively
detected
The
are
members
seven
structural
subclasses
differentiated
their
head
groups
fluorination.
Clustering
categorized
into
four
coabundance
dominated
subclasses.
One
group
uniquely
NTA
contains
zwitterionic
other
transformation
products
likely
associated
aqueous
firefighting
foam
contaminants
small
number
spatially
correlated
samples.
These
results
help
further
characterize
scope
emerging
experienced
U.S.
population
via
augment
nationwide
targeted-PFAS
programs.
Environment International,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 109404 - 109404
Published: March 1, 2025
Emerging
environmental
contaminants
(EECs)
such
as
pharmaceuticals,
pesticides,
and
industrial
chemicals
pose
significant
challenges
for
detection
identification
due
to
their
structural
diversity
lack
of
analytical
standards.
Traditional
targeted
screening
methods
often
fail
detect
these
compounds,
making
non-target
analysis
(NTA)
using
high-resolution
mass
spectrometry
(HRMS)
essential
identifying
unknown
or
suspected
contaminants.
However,
interpreting
the
vast
datasets
generated
by
HRMS
is
complex
requires
advanced
data
processing
techniques.
Recent
advancements
in
machine
learning
(ML)
models
offer
great
potential
enhancing
NTA
applications.
As
such,
we
reviewed
key
developments,
including
optimizing
workflows
computational
tools,
improved
chemical
structure
identification,
quantification
methods,
enhanced
toxicity
prediction
capabilities.
It
also
discusses
future
perspectives
field,
refining
ML
tools
mixtures,
improving
inter-laboratory
validation,
further
integrating
into
risk
assessment
frameworks.
By
addressing
challenges,
ML-assisted
can
significantly
enhance
detection,
quantification,
evaluation
EECs,
ultimately
contributing
more
effective
monitoring
public
health
protection.
Environment International,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
198, P. 109444 - 109444
Published: April 1, 2025
Fluorine-related
industrial
discharges
are
the
main
source
of
per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
contamination
in
surrounding
surface
waters,
but
long-term
environmental
impacts
their
residual
PFAS
interactions
between
dissolved
organic
matter
(DOM)
field
waters
have
rarely
been
discussed.
In
this
study,
concentrations
32
target
were
quantified,
50
identified
semi-quantified
by
suspect
nontarget
screening,
molecular
characteristics
DOM
analyzed
water
Shanghai.
Concentrations
∑PFAS
284
∼
3018
ng/L.
Perfluorobutane
sulfonate
acid
(PFBS)
perfluorooctanoic
(PFOA)
remained
predominant
compounds
at
most
sampling
sites,
hexafluoropropylene
oxide
trimer
(HFPO-TA)
exhibited
extremely
high
values
a
few
specific
sites.
Near
historical
fluorotelomer
manufacturer
which
was
closed
2017,
concentration
still
high-level
1800
Thirteen
including
7
iodinated
perfluoroalkyl
acids
(IPFAAs)
100
%
samples.
A
total
8134
formulas
identified.
For
elemental
composition,
CHOS
(24
%)
has
highest
percentage,
while
for
species,
lignin
(36
proportion
molecules.
When
assignment
fluorine
included
analysis,
percentage
fluorine-containing
reached
to
55
%,
suggesting
anthropogenic
influences.
Emerging
PFAS,
i.e.,
perfluoropentanoic
(PFPeA)
dimer
(HFPO-DA)
negatively
related
(p
<
0.05)
due
microorganism
activities.
This
study
revealed
persistent
impact
fluorine-related
industries
behavior
aquatic
environments,
providing
support
systematic
comprehensive
evaluation
health.
