Anxiety and depression in COVID-19 survivors: Role of inflammatory and clinical predictors

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 89, P. 594 - 600

Published: July 30, 2020

Language: Английский

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Neuropathogenesis and Neurologic Manifestations of the Coronaviruses in the Age of Coronavirus Disease 2019

JAMA Neurology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 77(8), P. 1018 - 1018

Published: May 29, 2020

Importance

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 2019, causing human disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has now spread into a worldwide pandemic. The pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 have been well described the literature. Two similar coronaviruses that cause Middle East (MERS-CoV) and severe (SARS-CoV-1) are known to central peripheral nervous systems. Emerging evidence suggests neurologic consequences as well.

Observations

This review serves summarize available information regarding system, identify potential tissue targets routes entry SARS-CoV-2 describe range clinical neurological complications reported thus far their pathogenesis. Viral neuroinvasion may be achieved by several routes, including transsynaptic transfer across infected neurons, via olfactory nerve, infection vascular endothelium, or leukocyte migration blood-brain barrier. most common complaints anosmia, ageusia, headache, but other diseases, such stroke, impairment consciousness, seizure, encephalopathy, also reported.

Conclusions Relevance

Recognition understanding disorders associated with lead improved outcomes better treatment algorithms. Further neuropathological studies will crucial pathogenesis longitudinal cognitive assessment individuals after recovery from understand natural history system monitor for any long-term sequelae.

Language: Английский

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Exosomes Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Treatment for Severe COVID-19

Stem Cells and Development, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 29(12), P. 747 - 754

Published: May 8, 2020

This prospective nonrandomized open-label cohort study addresses the safety and efficacy of exosomes (ExoFlo™) derived from allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as treatment for severe COVID-19. During April 2020, ExoFlo was provided to 24 SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction-positive patients at a single hospital center, all whom met criteria COVID-19 well moderate-to-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Patients received 15 mL intravenous dose were evaluated both days 1 14 post-treatment. All endpoints with no adverse events observed within 72 h administration. A survival rate 83% observed. In total, 17 (71%) recovered, 3 (13%) remained critically ill though stable, 4 (16%) expired reasons unrelated treatment. Overall, after one treatment, patients' clinical status oxygenation improved an average pressure arterial oxygen fraction inspired ratio (PaO

Language: Английский

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From SARS and MERS to COVID-19: a brief summary and comparison of severe acute respiratory infections caused by three highly pathogenic human coronaviruses

Respiratory Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Aug. 27, 2020

Abstract Within two decades, there have emerged three highly pathogenic and deadly human coronaviruses, namely SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV SARS-CoV-2. The economic burden health threats caused by these coronaviruses are extremely dreadful getting more serious as the increasing number of global infections attributed deaths SARS-CoV-2 MERS-CoV. Unfortunately, specific medical countermeasures for hCoVs remain absent. Moreover, fast spread misinformation about ongoing pandemic uniquely places virus alongside an annoying infodemic causes unnecessary worldwide panic. shares many similarities with SARS-CoV MERS-CoV, certainly, obvious differences exist well. Lessons learnt from timely updated information summarized knowledge invaluable effectively efficiently contain outbreak By gaining a deeper understanding illnesses them, we can bridge gaps, provide cultural weapons fighting controling SARS-CoV-2, prepare effective robust defense lines against that may emerge or reemerge in future. To this end, state-of-the-art comparing biological features lethal clinical characteristics them systematically review.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 infection: an overview on cytokine storm and related interventions

Virology Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: May 26, 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a significant threat to global health. This virus affects tract and usually leads pneumonia in most patients distress (ARDS) 15% of cases. ARDS is one leading causes death with COVID-19 mainly triggered elevated levels pro-inflammatory cytokines, referred as cytokine storm. Interleukins, such interleukin-6 (1L-6), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-17 (IL-17), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) play very role lung damage through impairments epithelium. Cytokine storm defined overproduction uncontrolled release markers, both locally systemically. The eradication currently practically impossible, there no specific treatment for critically ill COVID-19; however, suppressing inflammatory response may be possible strategy. In light this, we review efficacy inhibitors IL6, IL1, IL-17, TNF-α treating COVID-19-related infections manage improve survival rate suffering from conditions.

Language: Английский

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Persistent psychopathology and neurocognitive impairment in COVID-19 survivors: Effect of inflammatory biomarkers at three-month follow-up

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 94, P. 138 - 147

Published: Feb. 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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The emergence and epidemic characteristics of the highly mutated SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 94(6), P. 2376 - 2383

Published: Feb. 4, 2022

Recently, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) was first identified in Botswana November 2021. It reported to World Health Organization (WHO) on 24. On 26, 2021, according advice of scientists who are part WHO's Technical Advisory Group SARS-CoV-2 Virus Evolution (TAG-VE), WHO defined strain as a concern (VOC) and named it Omicron. Compared other four VOCs (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta), most highly mutated strain, with 50 mutations accumulated throughout genome. The contains at least 32 spike protein, which twice many Delta variant. Studies have shown that carrying can increase infectivity immune escape compared early wild-type VOCs. is becoming dominant countries worldwide brings new challenges preventing controlling disease 2019 (COVID-19). current review article aims analyze summarize information data about biological characteristics amino acid mutations, epidemic characteristics, escape, vaccine reactivity variant, hoping provide scientific reference for monitoring, prevention, development strategies

Language: Английский

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Aging, Immunity, and COVID-19: How Age Influences the Host Immune Response to Coronavirus Infections?

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 12, 2021

The novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 causing the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has ravaged world with over 72 million total cases and 1.6 deaths worldwide as of early December 2020. An overwhelming preponderance is observed within elderly population, especially in those pre-existing conditions comorbidities. Aging causes numerous biological changes immune system, which are linked to age-related illnesses susceptibility infectious diseases. Age-related influence host response therefore not only weaken ability fight infections but also mount effective responses vaccines. Immunosenescence inflamm-aging considered key features aging system wherein accumulation senescent cells contribute its decline simultaneously increased inflammatory phenotypes cause dysfunction. quantitative qualitative affect soluble mediators both innate adaptive lymphoid non-lymphoid peripheral tissues. These determine infections, progression clinical outcomes thereafter. Furthermore, therapeutics vaccines influenced by system. Therefore, better understanding pathophysiology will help understand diseases guide targeted management strategies for deadly like COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19: Pathogenesis, cytokine storm and therapeutic potential of interferons

Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 53, P. 66 - 70

Published: May 7, 2020

Language: Английский

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Immunopathogenesis and treatment of cytokine storm in COVID-19

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 316 - 329

Published: Oct. 28, 2020

Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by systemic hyper-inflammation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ failure. Cytokine storm refers to a set of clinical conditions caused excessive immune reactions has been recognized as leading cause severe COVID-19. While comparisons have made between COVID-19 cytokine other kinds such hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis release the pathogenesis not clearly elucidated yet. Recent studies shown that impaired response type-1 IFNs in early stage infection played major role development storm, various cytokines IL-6 IL-1 were involved Furthermore, many evidences indicated importance anti-inflammatory therapy Several approaches are currently being used treat observed associated with COVID-19, expectations especially high for new cytokine-targeted therapies, tocilizumab, anakinra, baricitinib. Although number conducted on treatments no specific recommendations which drugs should be patients when. In this review, we provide an overview address it. addition, discuss potential therapeutic extracorporeal removal

Language: Английский

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