Detection and characterisation of a sixth Candida auris clade in Singapore: a genomic and phenotypic study

The Lancet Microbe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(9), P. 100878 - 100878

Published: July 13, 2024

BackgroundThe emerging fungal pathogen Candida auris poses a serious threat to global public health due its worldwide distribution, multidrug resistance, high transmissibility, propensity cause outbreaks, and mortality. We aimed characterise three unusual C isolates detected in Singapore, determine whether they constitute novel clade distinct from all previously known clades (I–V).MethodsIn this genotypic phenotypic study, we characterised clinical isolates, which were cultured epidemiologically unlinked inpatients at large tertiary hospital Singapore. The index isolate was April, 2023. performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) obtained hybrid assemblies of these isolates. complete genomes compared with representative clades. To provide context, 3651 international WGS data the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database included high-resolution single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. Antifungal susceptibility testing done antifungal resistance genes, mating-type locus, chromosomal rearrangements investigated further implemented Bayesian logistic regression models classify into simulate automatic detection belonging as their became available.FindingsThe separated by least 37 000 SNPs (range 000–236 900) existing These had opposite allele different when closest IV relatives. susceptible tested antifungals. Therefore, propose that represent new auris, VI. Furthermore, an independent dataset Bangladesh, accessed via NCBI Sequence Read Archive, found belong clade. As proof-of-concept, our model able flag outlier potential clade.InterpretationThe discovery Singapore Bangladesh Indomalayan zone, showing close relationship members most commonly South America, highlights unknown genetic diversity origin particularly under-resourced regions. Active surveillance settings, along effective strategies downstream analysis, will be essential identification strains, tracking transmission, containment adverse effects infections.FundingDuke-NUS Academic Medical Nurturing Clinician Researcher Scheme, Genedant-GIS Innovation Program.

Language: Английский

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Emergence of zoonotic sporotrichosis in Brazil: a genomic epidemiology study

The Lancet Microbe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. e282 - e290

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Zoonotic sporotrichosis is a neglected fungal disease, whereby outbreaks are primarily driven by Sporothrix brasiliensis and linked to cat-to-human transmission. To understand the emergence spread of in Brazil, epicentre current epidemic South America, we aimed conduct whole-genome sequencing (WGS) describe genomic epidemiology.

Language: Английский

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Whole Genome Sequence Analysis of Terbinafine Resistant and Susceptible Trichophyton Isolates from Human and Animal Origin

Mycopathologia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 190(1)

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

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Insights from Cutting-edge Diagnostics and Epidemiology of Sporotrichosis and Taxonomic Shifts in Sporothrix

Current Fungal Infection Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Sporothrix brasiliensis: Epidemiology, Therapy, and Recent Developments

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(9), P. 921 - 921

Published: Sept. 13, 2023

Sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis is an emergent mycosis that now a worldwide concern. One important step to sporotrichosis control its correct treatment. However, limitations abound; thus, new antifungals, mainly focused on S. brasiliensis, are urgently needed. We performed systematic review (following the PRISMA guideline) (1) global distribution of human and animal especially outside Brazil; (2) appraising therapies tested against this pathogen. identified reported in five countries (Paraguay, Chile, Argentina, United Kingdom, States) addition Brazil, occurring three continents, highlighting epidemiological scenario Argentina with increase cases recent years. Regarding antifungal activity drugs, 25 articles described vitro action 20 unique chemicals eight repurposed drugs brasiliensis. Only studies vivo (five drugs) using invertebrate vertebrate models. has impact it no longer specifically Brazilian problem. need for understanding disease epidemiology, education clinicians populace, organization health care delivery respond spreading epidemic, research therapy sporotrichosis.

Language: Английский

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Sporothrix brasiliensis Causing Atypical Sporotrichosis in Brazil: A Systematic Review

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 287 - 287

Published: April 13, 2024

Zoonotic sporotrichosis, a subcutaneous mycosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis, has become hyperendemic and serious public health issue in Brazil an emerging disease throughout the world. Typical sporotrichosis is defined as fixed or lymphocutaneous lesion development, however, reports of atypical presentations have been described areas, which may result worse prognosis. Thus, considering increase cases more severe extracutaneous hospitalizations reported Brazil, we aimed to perform systematic review search for hypersensitivity reactions (HRs) associated with zoonotic sporotrichosis. A was performed, following PRISMA guidelines atypical/extracutaneous (mucosal, osteoarthritis, HRs, pulmonary, meningeal) total 791 published over 26 years (1998–2023) eleven Brazilian states were reviewed. Most corresponded HR (47%; n = 370), followed mucosal (32%; 256), multifocal (8%; 60), osteoarthritis (7%; 59), meningeal (4%; 32), pulmonary (2%; 14) infections. When available (n 607), outcome death 7% 43) cases. Here, show frequent worrisome scenario high dispersed incidence territory. Therefore, educational measures are necessary make professionals overall population aware this fungal pathogen well other countries Americas.

Language: Английский

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Multicenter Candida auris outbreak caused by azole‐susceptible clade IV in Pernambuco, Brazil

Mycoses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67(6)

Published: June 1, 2024

Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant yeast, frequently causing outbreaks in health care facilities. The pathogen persistently colonises human skin and inanimate surfaces such as catheters, aiding to its spread. Moreover, colonisation a risk factor develop invasive infection.

Language: Английский

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Genotyping and antifungal susceptibility testing of Sporothrix brasiliensis isolates from Southern Brazil

Mycoses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 66(7), P. 585 - 593

Published: March 27, 2023

Sporotrichosis is an implantation mycosis caused by the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix and mostly involves cutaneous subcutaneous tissues lymphatic vessels. Among more than 50 different species, only schenckii, globosa brasiliensis are frequently reported to cause infections in humans. remarkably virulent has been spreading rapidly Brazil other Latin American countries. In this study, we aimed determine genetic relatedness antifungal susceptibility of strains analysing 89 isolates from humans cats Curitiba, Southern Brazil. Calmodulin sequencing identified 81 S. seven schenckii isolates. Amplified fragment length polymorphism genotyping analysis showed feline human clustering together. vitro testing with antifungals demonstrated a broad activity against all tested isolates, no significant differences minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values between Resistance was solely observed one isolate itraconazole posaconazole, MICs ≥16 μg/mL both antifungals. Whole genome (WGS) on two related susceptible did not reveal any unique substitutions resistance-associated genes, including cyp51, hmg erg6, when compared The novel olorofim exhibited excellent large collection, considered as susceptible. Altogether, indicate zoonotic transmission based revealed common antifungals, olorofim, collection.

Language: Английский

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Short Tandem Repeat Genotyping of Medically Important Fungi: A Comprehensive Review of a Powerful Tool with Extensive Future Potential

Mycopathologia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 189(5)

Published: Aug. 3, 2024

Abstract Fungal infections pose an increasing threat to public health. New pathogens and changing epidemiology are a pronounced risk for nosocomial outbreaks. To investigate clonal transmission between patients trace the source, genotyping is required. In last decades, various typing assays have been developed applied different medically important fungal species. While these methods will be briefly discussed, this review focus on development application of short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping. This method relies amplification comparison highly variable STR markers isolates. For most common pathogens, schemes were compared other methods, like multilocus sequence (MLST), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) whole genome sequencing (WGS) single nucleotide (SNP) analysis. The pros cons as well requirements solid assay. resolution typing, in general, higher than MLST AFLP, with WGS SNP analysis being gold standard when it comes resolution. Although modern laboratories capable perform little progress has made standardize schemes. Allelic ladders, Aspergillus fumigatus, facilitate results develop global databases. Overall, extremely powerful tool, often complimentary sequencing. Crucial details assay development, its applications merit discussed review.

Language: Английский

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Genotyping and clonal origin of Sporothrix brasiliensis in human sporotrichosis cases in Argentina

Medical Mycology Case Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43, P. 100633 - 100633

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

is considered a highly virulent emerging pathogen that causes sporotrichosis in humans, mainly after zoonotic transmission from infected cats. The epidemic of this zoonosis originated Brazil has spread the last decades, generating hyperendemic regions Latin America. We present two cases human by

Language: Английский

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