Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Syndrome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 7898 - 7898

Published: April 26, 2023

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions associated with the risk diabetes mellitus type 2 and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). closely related to obesity. Increased adiposity promotes inflammation oxidative stress, which are precursors various complications involving metabolic components, namely insulin resistance, hypertension, hyperlipidemia. An increasing number studies confirm importance stress chronic in etiology syndrome. However, few have reviewed mechanisms underlying role contributing In this review, we highlight by reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase mitochondrial dysfunction, protein damage, lipid peroxidation, impair antioxidant function Biomarkers can be used disease diagnosis evaluation severity.

Language: Английский

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Aging, oxidative stress and degenerative diseases: mechanisms, complications and emerging therapeutic strategies

Biogerontology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 609 - 662

Published: July 30, 2023

Language: Английский

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Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 1812 - 1812

Published: Sept. 29, 2023

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common pregnancy complications. It related to several gestational and fetal adverse outcomes. Moreover, women with GDM their infants have a high risk developing type 2 in future. The pathogenesis not completely understood; nevertheless, two factors that contribute its development are oxidative stress inflammation. Oxidative inflammation related; reactive oxygen species (ROS) production can activate inflammatory cells enhance mediators. Inflammation, turn, leads an increased ROS release, causing vicious circle ensue. Inflammatory responses be achieved via activation NF-κB signaling pathway. Herein, we review English literature regarding evaluated simultaneously same population, attempting identify mechanisms through which these GDM. Furthermore, modulation by different therapies used cell models included review. Probiotics nutrient supplementations been shown reduce biomarkers vitro

Language: Английский

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Oxidative stress: The nexus of obesity and cognitive dysfunction in diabetes

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 3, 2023

Obesity has been associated with oxidative stress. Obese patients are at increased risk for diabetic cognitive dysfunction, indicating a pathological link between obesity, stress, and dysfunction. can induce the biological process of stress by disrupting adipose microenvironment (adipocytes, macrophages), mediating low-grade chronic inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction (mitochondrial division, fusion). Furthermore, be implicated in insulin resistance, inflammation neural tissues, lipid metabolism disorders, affecting diabetics.

Language: Английский

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Pharmacological aspects of schiff base metal complexes: A critical review

Inorganic Chemistry Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 110449 - 110449

Published: Jan. 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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Diabetic Nephropathy: Significance of Determining Oxidative Stress and Opportunities for Antioxidant Therapies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(15), P. 12378 - 12378

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) belongs to the category of socially significant diseases with epidemic rates increases in prevalence. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a specific kind kidney damage that occurs 40% patients DM and considered serious complication DM. Most modern methods for treatments aimed at slowing down progression DN have side effects do not produce unambiguous positive results long term. This fact has encouraged researchers search additional or alternative treatment methods. Hyperglycemia negative effect on renal structures due number factors, including activation polyol hexosamine glucose metabolism pathways, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone sympathetic nervous systems, accumulation advanced glycation end products insulin resistance endothelial dysfunction tissues. The above mechanisms cause development oxidative stress (OS) reactions mitochondrial dysfunction, which turn contribute DN. Modern antioxidant therapies involve various phytochemicals (food antioxidants, resveratrol, curcumin, alpha-lipoic acid preparations, etc.), are widely used only diabetes but also other systemic diseases. It been suggested therapeutic approaches target source reactive oxygen species may certain advantages terms nephroprotection from OS. review describes significance studies OS biomarkers pathogenesis analyzes reducing intensity prevention

Language: Английский

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The Chemical Reactivity of Membrane Lipids

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(6), P. 3284 - 3330

Published: March 18, 2024

It is well-known that aqueous dispersions of phospholipids spontaneously assemble into bilayer structures.These structures have numerous applications across chemistry and materials science form the fundamental structural unit biological membrane.The particular environment lipid bilayer, with a water-poor low dielectric core surrounded by more polar better hydrated interfacial region, gives membrane biophysical physicochemical properties presents unique for chemical reactions to occur.Many different types molecule spanning range sizes, from dissolved gases through small organics proteins, are able interact membranes promote changes lipids subsequently affect bilayer.This Review describes reactivity exhibited in their form, an emphasis on conditions where well bilayers.Key topics include following: lytic glyceryl esters, including hydrolysis, aminolysis, transesterification; oxidation alkenes unsaturated fatty acids sterols, autoxidation singlet oxygen; headgroups, particularly reactive carbonyl species; E/Z isomerization alkenes.The consequences activity also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Free radicals and their impact on health and antioxidant defenses: a review

Cell Death Discovery, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Abstract Free radicals, characterized by the presence of unpaired electrons, are highly reactive species that play a significant role in human health. These molecules can be generated through various endogenous processes, such as mitochondrial respiration and immune cell activation, well exogenous sources, including radiation, pollution, smoking. While free radicals essential for certain physiological signaling defense, their overproduction disrupt delicate balance between oxidants antioxidants, leading to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress results damage critical biomolecules like DNA, proteins, lipids, contributing pathogenesis diseases. Chronic conditions cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, inflammatory diseases have been strongly associated with harmful effects radicals. This review provides comprehensive overview characteristics types mechanisms formation, biological impacts. Additionally, we explore natural compounds extracts studied antioxidant properties, offering potential therapeutic avenues managing radical-induced damage. Future research directions also discussed advance our understanding treatment radical-associated

Language: Английский

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Application of Natural Antioxidants as Feed Additives in Aquaculture: A Review

Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 87 - 87

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Oxidative stress, a critical factor affecting the health and productivity of aquatic organisms, arises from imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production antioxidant defenses. In aquaculture, natural antioxidants have gained increasing attention as sustainable feed additives to mitigate oxidative damage, enhance immune responses, improve overall growth performance. This review provides comprehensive synthesis antioxidative mechanisms key antioxidants, including carotenoids, polysaccharides, vitamins, polyphenols, flavonoids. By neutralizing ROS modulating cellular signaling pathways such Nrf2/ARE, these compounds offer significant protective effects against damage in species. The manuscript consolidates recent advancements research, highlighting their practical applications formulation role promoting sustainability aquaculture. aims provide an integrative framework for understanding antioxidants’ potential, guiding future research implementation aquaculture systems.

Language: Английский

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A Review on Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors Used in Assessing Antioxidant Activity

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 584 - 584

Published: March 18, 2022

Currently, there is growing interest in screening and quantifying antioxidants from biological samples the quest for natural effective to combat free radical-related pathological complications. Antioxidants play an important role human health provide a defense against many diseases. Due valuable dietary of these compounds, analysis determination their amount food particular importance. In recent years, attempts have been made simple, fast, economical analytical approaches on-site detection antioxidant activity antioxidants. this regard, electrochemical sensors biosensors are considered promising tools research due high sensitivity, fast response time, ease miniaturization; thus, they used variety fields, including analysis, drug screening, toxicity research. Herein, we review advances antioxidants, underlying principles, emphasizing advantages, along with limitations regarding ability discriminate between specific or total content. work, both direct indirect methods detecting analyzed detail. This aims prove how represent reliable alternatives conventional analysis.

Language: Английский

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