1, 8-Cineole Ameliorated Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Pneumonia through Modulation of TRP-KYN and Arginine-NO Reprogramming

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 2, 2025

1, 8-Cineole (Cin), a cyclic monoterpenoid derived from tea trees and eucalyptus species, exhibits diverse pharmacological properties. Yet, its therapeutic impact underlying mechanism against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) pneumonia remain to be elucidated. In this study, metabolomics based on UPLC-MS/MS was integrated with network pharmacology, molecular biology, docking investigate the effects of Cin. The findings demonstrated that Cin markedly reduced mortality lung bacterial load, lessened pulmonary damage while suppressing levels proinflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) infected mice. Additionally, 19 metabolites, primarily involved tryptophan metabolism arginine biosynthesis, were notably modified by via enzymatic activity indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), thereby attenuating inflammatory response. Notably, knockdown IDO1 or iNOS significantly diminished anti-inflammation effect conclusion, our study validates potential S. downregulating iNOS. Our results provide theoretical basis natural substances applied treatment.

Language: Английский

Natural products for the treatment of allergic rhinitis: focus on cellular signaling pathways and pharmacological targets

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Background Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disease dependent on immunoglobulin E and causes inflammation of the nasal mucosa, leading to decreased quality life for affected patients. Since common treatments, including corticosteroids antihistamines, have temporary therapeutic effects numerous side effects, investigating natural compounds effective in improving allergic with low complications high efficacy can be significant necessary. Purpose This study aims present a comprehensive critical evaluation effect rhinitis. Methods Studies were identified through systematic searches ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, Web Sciences databases. Eligibility checks conducted based predefined selection criteria. Forty-six articles included this study. Results discussion Phytochemicals, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, other showed anti-inflammatory antihistaminic effects. These alleviate symptoms by inhibiting mediators, oxidative stress, apoptosis, key signaling pathways such as MAPK/NFκB TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB. Conclusion Phytochemicals exhibit antioxidant properties, making them.

Language: Английский

Green carbon dots derived from Zingiberis Rhizoma Carbonisatum alleviate ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Nov. 28, 2024

Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects up to 40% of the population, leading significant healthcare expenditures. Current mainstream treatments, while effective, can lead side effects and do not address underlying immunological imbalances.

Language: Английский