Efficacy and Safety of Anlotinib and PD-1/L1 Inhibitors as Maintenance Therapy for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients who Have Achieved Stable-Disease After First-Line Treatment with Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy: A Retrospective Study DOI Creative Commons
Yi Peng,

De Pei Wu,

Jing Tang

et al.

Cancer Control, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 32

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Objective To develop personalized treatment strategies for maintenance therapy in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Materials and Methods We analyzed data from ES-SCLC who achieved stable disease (SD) following initial chemotherapy combined immunotherapy. These subsequently received (MT) a combination of anlotinib PD-1/L1 inhibitors. The primary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall (OS), objective response rate (ORR), control (DCR), treatment-related adverse events (AEs). Results Preliminary findings suggest that this regimen is highly effective, median PFS 6 months OS 13.5 months, alongside DCR exceeding 60%. Subgroup analysis revealed enhanced efficacy fewer than three metastatic sites those experienced hypertension, proteinuria, or hand-foot syndrome during MT. Mechanistic studies showed notable increase the proportion CD8+ T cells peripheral blood post-MT, correlating improved outcomes. imply therapeutic effect MT may be partly due to direct activation cells, producing synergistic anti-tumor response. Despite prevalence AEs, AEs were generally manageable, underscoring anlotinib’s potential context. Conclusion inhibitors offers promising manageable MT, making it viable option achieve SD post-initial therapy. results justify further prospective validate approach.

Language: Английский

Current and future therapies for small cell lung carcinoma DOI Creative Commons
Xiaoqian Zhai, Zhengkun Zhang, Yuxin Chen

et al.

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: April 1, 2025

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy characterized by rapid proliferation and high metastatic potential. It universal inactivation of RB1, overexpression the MYC family dysregulation multiple oncogenic signaling pathways. Among different patients, SCLCs are similar at genetic level but exhibit significant heterogeneity molecular level. The classification SCLC has evolved from a simple neuroendocrine (NE)/non-neuroendocrine (non-NE) system to transcription factor-based subtype system; lineage plasticity adds further complexity poses challenges for therapeutic development. While initially sensitive platinum-based chemotherapy, resistance develops rapidly, leading dismal prognosis. Various antibodies, including PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors antibody‒drug conjugates, have been introduced into clinical practice or being evaluated in trials. However, their benefits patients remain limited. This review summarizes carcinogenic mechanisms, tumor heterogeneity, immune microenvironment SCLC, with focus on recent advances metastasis mechanisms. Additionally, corresponding progress tackling these discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
A review of obstructive sleep apnea and lung cancer: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and therapeutic options DOI Creative Commons
Yuan Fang, Yanxia Hu, Fei Xu

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 28, 2024

Despite undeniable advances in modern medicine, lung cancer still has high morbidity and mortality rates. Lung is preventable treatable, it important to identify new risk factors for cancer, especially those that can be treated or reversed. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) a very common sleep-breathing disorder grossly underestimated clinical practice. It cause, exacerbate, worsen adverse outcomes, including death various diseases, but its relationship with unclear. A possible causal between OSA the onset progression of been established biologically. The pathophysiological processes associated OSA, such as fragmentation, intermittent hypoxia, increased sympathetic nervous excitation, may affect normal neuroendocrine regulation, impair immune function (especially innate cellular immunity), ultimately contribute occurrence accelerate progression, induce treatment resistance. contributor cause cancer. However, whether this effect exists independently other Therefore, by reviewing literature on epidemiology, pathogenesis, we hope understand relationships two promote interdisciplinary exchange ideas basic respiratory oncology.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and lung cancer: We should be hopeful or hopeless? DOI
Reza Arefnezhad,

Maryam Helfi,

Rana Okhravijouybari

et al.

Tissue and Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 88, P. 102410 - 102410

Published: May 18, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Gender disparities in lung cancer incidence in the United States during 2001–2019 DOI Creative Commons

Yu Fu,

Jun Liu, Runsheng Chen

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

Abstract Lung cancer ranks as one of the top malignancies and leading cause death in both males females US. Using a database covering entire population, this study was to determine gender disparities lung incidence during 2001–2019. Cancer patients were obtained from National Program Registries (NPCR) Surveillance, Epidemiology End Results (SEER) database. The SEER*Stat software applied calculate age-adjusted rates (AAIR). Temporal changes analyzed by Joinpoint software. A total 4,086,432 (53.3% males) diagnosed with cancer. Among them, 52.1% 70 years or older, 82.7% non-Hispanic white, 39.7% South, 72.6% non-small cell (NSCLC). AAIR continuously reduced 91.0 per 100000 59.2 period, while it increased 55.0 2001 56.8 2006 females, then decreased 48.1 2019. female male rate ratio Gender observed among age groups, races, histological types. In those aged 0–54 years, had higher overall than recent which all races (except black), regions, adenocarcinoma small (but not squamous cell). Non-Hispanic black faster decline since 2013. API demonstrated an trend period. continues decrease Continuous anti-smoking programs plus reduction related risk factors are necessary lower further.

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Updates on lung neuroendocrine neoplasm classification DOI Creative Commons
Giulia Trucco, Luisella Righi, Marco Volante

et al.

Histopathology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 84(1), P. 67 - 85

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of pulmonary showing different morphological patterns and clinical biological characteristics. The World Health Organisation (WHO) classification lung NENs has been recently updated as part the broader attempt to uniform NENs. This much-needed update come at time when insights from seminal molecular characterisation studies revolutionised our understanding pathological architecture NENs, paving way for development novel diagnostic techniques, prognostic factors therapeutic approaches. In this challenging rapidly evolving landscape, relevance 2021 WHO questioned, particularly in terms its morphology-orientated approach implications. Here, we provide state-of-the-art review on contemporary NEN morphology potential contribution artificial intelligence, advances profiling with their impact system and, finally, key current upcoming factors.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
The Role of Inhaled Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles in Lung Cancer Therapy DOI Creative Commons

Allana Carvalho Silva,

Mirsiane Pascoal Costa,

Thiago Medeiros Zacaron

et al.

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 969 - 969

Published: July 23, 2024

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, largely due to limited efficacy anticancer drugs, which primarily attributed insufficient doses reaching lungs. Additionally, patients undergoing treatment experience severe systemic adverse effects distribution drugs non-targeted sites. In light these challenges, there has been a growing interest in pulmonary administration for lung cancer. This route allows be delivered directly lungs, resulting high local concentrations that can enhance antitumor while mitigating toxic effects. However, poses challenge overcoming mechanical, chemical, and immunological defenses respiratory tract prevent inhaled drug from properly penetrating To overcome drawbacks, use nanoparticles inhaler formulations may promising strategy. Nanoparticles assist minimizing clearance, increasing penetration into epithelium, enhancing cellular uptake. They also facilitate increased stability, promote controlled release, delivery target sites, such as tumor environment. Among them, chitosan-based demonstrate advantages over other polymeric nanocarriers their unique biological properties, including activity mucoadhesive capacity. These properties have potential when administered via route. view above, this paper provides an overview research conducted on drug-loaded incorporated devices Furthermore, article addresses emerging technologies, siRNA (small interfering RNA), context therapy. Particularly, recent studies employing are described.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Unlocking New Horizons in Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treatment: The Onset of Antibody–Drug Conjugates DOI Open Access
Lorenzo Belluomini, Marco Sposito, Alice Avancini

et al.

Cancers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(22), P. 5368 - 5368

Published: Nov. 10, 2023

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive disease, accounting for about 15% of all cases. Despite initial responses to chemoimmunotherapy, SCLC recurs and becomes resistant treatment. Recently, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as promising therapeutic option SCLC. ADCs consist an antibody that specifically targets tumor antigen linked cytotoxic drug. The delivers the drug directly cells, minimizing off-target toxicity improving index. Several targeting different antigens are currently being evaluated in clinical trials negative results rovalpituzumab tesirine (Rova-T), other antigens, such B7-H3, seizure-related homolog 6 (SEZ6), CEACAM5, also been investigated trials, including SCLC, their suggest preliminary activity, either alone or combination with therapies. More recently, sacituzumab govitecan, anti-TROP2 ADC, demonstrated activity cancer, Furthermore, anti-B7-H3 (CD276), ifinatamab deruxtecan (DS7300A), showed high response rate durable heavily pretreated Overall, represent intriguing approach treating particularly relapsed refractory setting. Further studies needed determine efficacy safety best location treatment algorithm In this review, we aim collect describe regarding past, present, future

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Association between blood heavy metals and lung cancer risk: A case-control study in China DOI
Kai Zhang, Tengteng Zhu, Xiaowei Quan

et al.

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 343, P. 140200 - 140200

Published: Sept. 21, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

11
NDRG2 acts as a negative regulator of the progression of small-cell lung cancer through the modulation of the PTEN-AKT-mTOR signalling cascade DOI

Zhenchuan Ma,

Yuefeng Ma,

Jie Feng

et al.

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 485, P. 116915 - 116915

Published: March 25, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting lung cancer based on acoustic–clinical features DOI Creative Commons
Zhou Lü,

Jiaojiao Sha,

Xunxia Zhu

et al.

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Objective Lung cancer—with its global prevalence and critical need for early diagnosis treatment—is the focus of our study. This study aimed to develop a nomogram based on acoustic–clinical features—a tool that could significantly enhance clinical prediction lung cancer. Methods We reviewed voice data information 350 individuals: 189 pathologically confirmed cancer patients 161 non-lung patients, which included 77 with benign pulmonary lesions 84 healthy volunteers. First, acoustic features were extracted from all participants, optimal selected by least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO) regression. Subsequently, integrating features, predicting was developed using multivariate logistic regression model. The performance evaluated area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) calibration curve. utility estimated decision analysis (DCA) confirm predictive value nomogram. Furthermore, model compared models six additional machine-learning (ML) methods. Results Our demonstrated strong discriminative ability, AUCs 0.774 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.716–0.832) 0.714 CI: 0.616–0.811) in training test sets, respectively. achieved an accuracy 0.642, sensitivity 0.673, specificity 0.611 set. showed excellent agreement between predicted actual values, DCA underscored usefulness Notably, outperformed other terms AUC, accuracy, specificity. Conclusion this demonstrates robust discrimination, calibration, application value. nomogram, unique contribution field, provides reliable

Language: Английский

Citations

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