Advances in Anatomic Pathology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 25, 2024
Cartilage-forming
tumors
are
a
broad
and
diverse
group
of
neoplasms
frequently
affecting
the
skeleton.
Distinguishing
between
members
this
is
important
because
significant
differences
in
treatment
prognosis.
Accurate
diagnosis
can
be
challenging
similarities
their
clinical,
radiographic,
pathologic
features.
Immunohistochemistry
molecular
tools
helpful
select
instances.
Therefore,
careful
evaluation
correlation
these
features
essential
arriving
at
correct
appropriate
patient
management.
This
review
provides
an
overview
current
literature,
emphasizing
diagnosis.
Journal of Materials Chemistry B,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(17), P. 4148 - 4161
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Cyaonoside
A
(CyA),
derived
from
the
natural
Chinese
medicine,
Cyathula
officinalis
Kuan,
which
was
for
a
long
time
used
to
treat
knee
injuries
and
relieve
joint
pain
in
traditional
showed
an
unclear
mechanism
protecting
cartilage.
In
addition,
CyA
poorly
hydrosoluble
incapable
of
being
injected
directly
into
cavity,
limited
its
clinical
application.
This
study
reveals
that
resisted
IL-1β-mediated
chondrogenic
inflammation
apoptosis.
Next,
transcriptome
sequencing
is
explore
potential
mechanisms
underlying
regulation
MSC
differentiation.
Based
on
these
findings,
CyA-loaded
composite
hydrogel
microspheres
(HLC)
were
developed
they
possessed
satisfactory
loading
efficiency,
suitable
degradation
rate
good
biocompatibility.
HLC
increased
anabolic
gene
(Acan,
COL2A,
SOX9)
expression,
while
downregulating
expression
catabolic
marker
MMP13
vitro.
osteoarthritis
mouse
model,
demonstrated
promising
therapeutic
capabilities
by
integrity
articular
conclusion,
this
provides
insights
regulatory
chondrocytes
proposes
microsphere-based
advanced
strategy
osteoarthritis.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: May 29, 2024
Background
Cartilage
injury
is
the
main
pathological
manifestation
of
osteoarthritis
(OA).
Healthy
chondrocyte
a
prerequisite
for
cartilage
regeneration
and
repair.
Differences
between
healthy
OA
types
role
these
play
in
progression
are
unclear.
Method
This
study
conducted
single-cell
RNA
sequencing
(scRNA-seq)
on
from
normal
distal
femur
knee
(NC
group)
(OA
cartilage,
atlas
was
constructed,
differences
cell
subtypes
two
groups
were
compared.
Pseudo-time
velocity
analysis
both
performed
to
verify
possible
differentiation
sequence
subtypes.
GO
KEGG
pathway
enrichment
used
explore
potential
functional
characteristics
each
subtype,
predict
changes
during
differentiation.
transcriptional
regulation
explored
by
regulatory
network
inference
clustering
(SCENIC).
The
distribution
subtype
tissue
identified
immunohistochemical
staining
(IHC).
Result
A
total
75,104
cells
included,
they
divided
into
19
clusters
annotated
as
11
subtypes,
including
new
subtypes:
METRNL+
PRG4+
subtype.
an
early
stage
differentiation,
RegC-B
intermediate
state
before
dedifferentiation.
With
shift
genetic
expression
extracellular
matrix
adhesion
collagen
remodeling,
signal
pathways
HIF-1
Hippo.
finally
classified
intrinsic
chondrocytes,
effector
abnormally
differentiated
chondrocytes
dedifferentiated
chondrocytes.
IHC
presence
Conclusion
screened
novel
classification
proposed.
its
transcriptomic
specific
provide
foundation
regeneration.
EC-B,
RegC-B,
FC
typical
group,
HippO-Taz
enriched
may
repair
progression.
dedifferentiation,
theoretical
basis
intervening
Gels,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(11), P. 703 - 703
Published: Oct. 30, 2024
Hyaluronic
acid
(HA),
an
important
natural
polysaccharide
and
meanwhile,
essential
component
of
extracellular
matrix
(ECM),
has
been
widely
used
in
tissue
repair
regeneration
due
to
its
high
biocompatibility,
biodegradation,
bioactivity,
the
versatile
chemical
groups
for
modification.
Specially,
HA-based
dynamic
hydrogels,
compared
with
conventional
offer
adaptable
network
biomimetic
microenvironment
optimize
process
a
striking
resemblance
ECM.
Herein,
this
review
comprehensively
summarizes
recent
advances
hydrogels
focuses
on
their
applications
articular
cartilage
repair.
First,
fabrication
methods
advantages
HA
are
presented.
Then,
illustrated
from
perspective
cell-free
cell-encapsulated
and/or
bioactive
molecules
(drugs,
factors,
ions).
Finally,
current
challenges
prospective
directions
outlined.
The
articular
osteochondral
injury
involves
the
repair
of
hyaline
cartilage,
subchondral
bone
plate,
and
cancellous
bone.
Due
to
weak
regeneration
ability
chondrocytes
complex
structure
bone-cartilage
junction,
there
is
currently
no
excellent
method.
challenge
cartilage
avoid
fibrosis
hypertrophy,
which
has
been
solved
some
extent
after
advent
type
II
collagen
scaffolds;
difficulty
plate
lies
in
transition
tidemark,
calcified
Inspired
by
developmental
biology,
generation
this
during
development
depends
on
endochondral
ossification
(ECO).
ECO
specific
proteins,
such
as
IHH,
PTHrP,
BMP,
WNT,
receptors
these
proteins.
Studies
have
shown
that
polydopamine
coating
can
promote
production
BMP
WNT
We
developed
a
collagen-based
double-layer
scaffold
(Col
&
Dopa-Col
II)
with
upper
layer
polydopamine-coated
lower
layer.
Proteomics
RNA
sequencing
analysis
found
mobilize
proliferation
hypertrophy
differentiation
chondrocytes,
induce
intra-chondral
vascular
nerve
invasion,
remodeling
upregulating
Parathyroid
hormone
signaling
pathway,
Hedgehog
VEGF
Axon
guidance.
All
results
indicate
Col
achieve
vascularized
regeneration.
Journal of Inflammation Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 18, P. 1459 - 1470
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
The
prevalence
of
osteoarthritis
(OA),
the
most
common
chronic
joint
condition,
is
increasing
due
to
aging
population
and
escalating
obesity
rates,
leading
a
significant
impact
on
human
health
well-being.
Thus,
analyzing
key
targets
OA
through
bioinformatics
can
help
discover
new
biomarkers
improve
its
diagnosis.
microarray
RNA-seq
results
were
screened
from
Gene
Expression
Omnibus
(GEO)
database.
Functional
enrichment
analyses,
protein-protein
interaction
(PPI)
analysis,
weighted
gene
co-expression
network
analysis
(WGCNA)
DEGs
performed.
RT-qPCR
WB
further
performed
verify
hub
expression
in
rat.
In
this
study,
35
genes
identified
differential
using
GSE169077
GSE114007
datasets.
Enrichment
revealed
that
these
predominantly
enriched
HIF-1
signaling
pathway,
ECM-receptor
interaction,
FoxO
pathway.
Through
integration
validation
animal
models
ROC
curve
four
pivotal
(GADD45B,
CLDN5,
HILPDA
CDKN1B)
finally
identified.
conclusion,
could
serve
as
novel
for
predicting
treating
OA,
offering
fresh
insights
into
etiology
pathogenesis.
Bone and Joint Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(3), P. 209 - 222
Published: March 10, 2025
Aims
Excessive
chondrocyte
hypertrophy
is
a
common
feature
in
cartilage
degeneration
which
susceptible
to
joint
overloading,
but
the
relationship
between
mechanical
overloading
and
still
remains
elusive.
The
aim
of
our
study
was
explore
mechanism
compression-induced
hypertrophy.
Methods
In
this
study,
temporomandibular
(TMJ)
model
built
through
forced
mandibular
retrusion
(FMR)-induced
compression
TMJ.
Chondrocytes
were
also
mechanically
compressed
vitro.
role
O-GlcNAcylation
manifested
specific
activator
Thiamet
G
inhibitor
OSMI-1.
Results
Both
vivo
vitro
data
revealed
that
hypertrophic
differentiation
promoted
by
compression.
Immunofluorescent
immunoblotting
results
showed
protein
pan-O-GlcNAcylation
levels
elevated
these
chondrocytes.
Pharmacologically
inhibiting
OSMI-1
partially
mitigated
Specifically,
runt-related
transcription
factor
2
(Runx2)
SRY-Box
9
(Sox9)
subjected
modification
under
compression,
pharmacological
activation
or
inhibition
affected
transcriptional
activity
Runx2
not
Sox9.
Furthermore,
chondrocytes
induced
enhanced
expression
glucose
transporter
1
(GLUT1),
depletion
GLUT1
WZB117
dampened
effect
on
Conclusion
Our
proposes
novel
function
GLUT1-mediated
driving
O-GlcNAc
Runx2,
its
strengthened
expressions
downstream
marker.
Cite
article:
Bone
Joint
Res
2025;14(3):209–222.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(9), P. 4033 - 4033
Published: April 24, 2025
Although
the
roles
of
proteoglycans
(PGs)
have
been
well
documented
in
development
and
homeostasis
temporomandibular
joint
(TMJ),
how
glycosaminoglycan
(GAG)
chains
PGs
contribute
to
TMJ
chondrogenesis
osteogenesis
still
requires
explication.
In
this
study,
we
found
that
FAM20B,
a
hexokinase
essential
for
attaching
GAG
core
proteins
PGs,
was
robustly
activated
condylar
mesenchyme
during
development.
The
inactivation
Fam20b
craniofacial
neural
crest
cells
(CNCCs)
dramatically
reduced
synthesis
accumulation
rather
than
cartilage,
which
resulted
hypoplastic
cartilage
by
severely
promoting
chondrocyte
hypertrophy
perichondral
ossification.
condyles
Wnt1-Cre;Fam20bf/f
mouse
embryos,
enlarged
Ihh-
COL10-expressing
domains
indicated
premature
resulting
from
an
attenuated
IHH-PTHRP
negative
feedback
chondrocytes,
while
increased
osteogenic
markers,
canonical
Wnt
activity,
type-H
angiogenesis
verified
enhanced
perichondrium.
Further
ex
vivo
investigations
revealed
loss
decreased
domain
area
but
activity
HH
signaling
embryonic
mesenchyme.
Moreover,
abrogation
heparan
sulfate
chondroitin
led
rapid
up-
then
downregulation
implicating
“slow-release”
manner
growth
factors
controlled
chains.
Overall,
study
comprehensive
role
FAM20B-catalyzed
chain
chondrogenic
differentiation
condyle.
