A review of the major threats and challenges to global bat conservation

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 1469(1), P. 5 - 25

Published: April 2, 2019

Abstract Bats are an ecologically and taxonomically diverse group accounting for roughly a fifth of mammalian diversity worldwide. Many the threats bats face (e.g., habitat loss, bushmeat hunting, climate change) reflect conservation challenges our era. However, compared to other mammals birds, we know significantly less about population status most bat species, which makes prioritizing planning actions challenging. Over third species assessed by International Union Conservation Nature (IUCN) considered threatened or data deficient, well over half have unknown decreasing trends. That equals 988 80% IUCN, needing research attention. Delivering will require sustained efforts assess trends address deficiencies. Successful must integrate identify stressors their solutions test efficacy stabilize increase populations. Global regional networks that connect researchers, practitioners, local stakeholders share knowledge, build capacity, prioritize coordinate efforts, vital ensuring sustainable populations

Language: Английский

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One strategy does not fit all: determinants of urban adaptation in mammals

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 365 - 376

Published: Dec. 20, 2018

Abstract Urbanisation exposes wildlife to new challenging conditions and environmental pressures. Some mammalian species have adapted these novel environments, but it remains unclear which characteristics allow them persist. To address this question, we identified 190 mammals regularly recorded in urban settlements worldwide, used phylogenetic path analysis test hypotheses regarding behavioural, ecological life history traits favour adaptation environments for different groups. Our results show that all produce larger litters; whereas other such as body size, behavioural plasticity diet diversity were important some not taxonomic This variation highlights the idiosyncrasies of process likely reflects niches roles can play. study contributes towards a better understanding mammal association humans, will ultimately design wildlife‐friendly contribute mitigate human‐wildlife conflicts.

Language: Английский

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Approaches to urban vegetation management and the impacts on urban bird and bat assemblages

Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 153, P. 28 - 39

Published: May 12, 2016

Language: Английский

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Zoonotic spillover: Understanding basic aspects for better prevention

Genetics and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 44(1 suppl 1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

The transmission of pathogens from wild animals to humans is called "zoonotic spillover". Most human infectious diseases (60-75%) are derived that originally circulated in non-human animal species. This demonstrates spillover has a fundamental role the emergence new diseases. Understanding factors facilitate essential establish strategies focused on reduction frequency events. In this context, article describes basic aspects zoonotic and main involved events, considering inter-species interactions, phylogenetic distance between host species, environmental drivers, specific characteristics pathogens, animals, humans. As an example, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic discussed, indicating what can be learned public health emergency, applied Brazilian scenario. Finally, discusses actions prevent or reduce

Language: Английский

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The evolutionary consequences of human–wildlife conflict in cities

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 178 - 197

Published: Sept. 17, 2020

Human-wildlife interactions, including human-wildlife conflict, are increasingly common as expanding urbanization worldwide creates more opportunities for people to encounter wildlife. Wildlife-vehicle collisions, zoonotic disease transmission, property damage, and physical attacks or their pets have negative consequences both wildlife, underscoring the need comprehensive strategies that mitigate prevent conflict altogether. Management techniques often aim deter, relocate, remove individual organisms, all of which may present a significant selective force in urban nonurban systems. Management-induced selection significantly affect adaptive nonadaptive evolutionary processes populations, yet few studies explicate links among wildlife management, evolution. Moreover, intensity management can vary considerably by taxon, public perception, policy, religious cultural beliefs, geographic region, underscores complexity developing flexible tools reduce conflict. Here, we cross-disciplinary perspective integrates evolution address how social-ecological drive adaptation cities. We emphasize variance implemented actions shapes strength rate phenotypic change. also consider specific either promote genetic plastic changes, leveraging those biological inferences could help optimize while minimizing Investigating an phenomenon provide insights into arises plays critical role shaping phenotypes.

Language: Английский

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Bats as bioindicators of heavy metal pollution: history and prospect

Mammalian Biology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 80(3), P. 220 - 227

Published: Jan. 15, 2015

Language: Английский

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Mitigating the impacts of agriculture on biodiversity: bats and their potential role as bioindicators

Mammalian Biology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 80(3), P. 191 - 204

Published: Oct. 30, 2014

Language: Английский

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Extraordinary range expansion in a common bat: the potential roles of climate change and urbanisation

The Science of Nature, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 103(3-4)

Published: Feb. 2, 2016

Language: Английский

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The breeding performance of raptors in urban landscapes: a review and meta-analysis

Journal of Ornithology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 159(1), P. 1 - 18

Published: Sept. 8, 2017

Global urbanisation is rapidly increasing and can have profound impacts on wild flora fauna. For many species, the are detrimental irreversible, whereas others able to colonise apparently thrive in these novel, human-made environments. Raptors particularly susceptible changes environment due their position at end of food chain, yet some species increasingly associated with towns cities. To explore impact raptors, we reviewed literature compared breeding performance urban rural populations globally. In general, raptors began earlier had larger brood sizes However, also fledged fewer young habitats, caused largely by a lack prey and, cases, increased human disturbance. As such, environments may act as ecological traps for raptor species. Species differed response urbanisation. particular, specialist bird predators such Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) higher (clutch size, number fledge nest success) showed positive those that predate small mammals, Eurasian Kestrels (F. tinnunculus), which negative response. This suggests availability one most important determinants success urban-nesting raptors. We demonstrate need continued research into live environments, stress importance focusing reasons any differences between non-urban order aid conservation management efforts this iconic group.

Language: Английский

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Social communication in bats

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 93(4), P. 1938 - 1954

Published: May 15, 2018

ABSTRACT Bats represent one of the most diverse mammalian orders, not only in terms species numbers, but also their ecology and life histories. Many are known to use ephemeral and/or unpredictable resources that require substantial investment find defend, engage social interactions, thus requiring significant levels coordination. To accomplish these tasks, bats must be able communicate; there is now evidence demonstrates complexity bat communication varied ways which solve some problems associated with unique However, while study rapidly growing, it still lags behind other taxa. Here we provide a comprehensive overview bats, from reasons why they communicate diversity application different signal modalities. The widespread form transmission signaller's characteristics, such as identity, sex, individual group membership, status body condition, because many can rely little on vision due nocturnal lifestyles, assumed sound olfaction particularly important signalling modes. For example, research suggests secretions specialized glands, often combination urine saliva, responsible for recognition several species. These olfactory signals may convey information about sex colony membership. Olfaction used sound, emit constant frequency (CF) echolocation calls, recognize conspecifics heterospecifics, yet simple structure high do allow much identity conveyed over long distances. By contrast, calls encode larger number cues lower frequencies increase range detection. Social deter predators, repel competitors foraging patches, attract mates roost sites, coordinate activities, during courtship. In addition visual displays wing flapping or hovering courtship, swarming around sites serve cue location. remains poorly studied modality. Finally, common tactile grooming, reproductive facilitate strengthen cooperative interactions. Overall, this review rapid advances made recent years, identifies topics further study, those us understand adaptation changing environmental conditions.

Language: Английский

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