Tracking the response of industrial fishing fleets to large marine protected areas in the Pacific Ocean

Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 34(6), P. 1571 - 1578

Published: Oct. 8, 2020

Abstract Large marine protected areas (MPAs) of unprecedented size have recently been established across the global oceans, yet their ability to meet conservation objectives is debated. Key debate include uncertainty over nations’ abilities enforce fishing bans vast, remote regions and intensity human impacts before after MPA implementation. We used a developed vessel tracking data set (produced using Automatic Identification System detections) quantify response industrial fleets 5 largest MPAs in Pacific Ocean since 2013. After implementation, all successfully kept effort exceptionally low. Detected was already low 4 large prior particularly relative nearby that did not receive formal protection. Our results suggest these may present major opportunities relatively intact ecosystems with immediate impact fisheries, but we considered often significantly reduce because baseline typically It be determined how shape ocean future if footprint influence continues expand. Continued improvement understanding interact fisheries crucial step toward defining role management.

Language: Английский

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Conserving threatened marine species and biodiversity requires 40% ocean protection

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 264, P. 109368 - 109368

Published: Nov. 3, 2021

Global prioritisation of where to locate Marine Protected Areas (MPA) has not considered both a comprehensive range measures biodiversity as well threatened species distributions. Using maps 974 ranges, we found that areas high richness are distributed throughout the world's coastal and continental shelf in offshore regions well-known hotpots. We then assessed whether Representative Biodiversity (RBAs), top 30% global ocean prioritised based on holistic from genes ecosystems, adequately cover ranges species. Implementing RBAs could protect minimum most but 26 have distributions with poor overlap priorities. decision support software 40% is required over 68% all aspects IUCN Red List ranges. Priority outside Exclusive Economic Zones (39%) demonstrate importance High Seas (59% oceans) conservation. Recognising uncertainties inherent our approach due limited proportion taxa by List, used an uncertainty analysis findings. currently, only 2.5% priority within marine reserves, highlighting urgent need for increased protection important across EEZs Seas.

Language: Английский

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Stepping stones towards Antarctica: Switch to southern spawning grounds explains an abrupt range shift in krill

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 28(4), P. 1359 - 1375

Published: Dec. 18, 2021

Poleward range shifts are a global-scale response to warming, but these vary greatly among taxa and hard predict for individual species, localized regions or over shorter (years decadal) timescales. Moving poleward might be easier in the Arctic than Southern Ocean, where evidence is sparse contradictory. Here, we compiled database of larval Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba and, together with an adult database, it showed how their shift out step pace warming. During 70-year period rapid warming (1920s-1990s), distribution centres both larvae adults SW Atlantic sector remained fixed, despite by 0.5-1.0°C losing sea ice. This was followed hiatus surface ice loss, yet during this distributions krill life stages shifted greatly, ~1000 km, south-west. Understanding mechanism such changes essential, since they herald system reorganizations that current modelling approaches. We propose abrupt driven climatic controls acting on recruitment hotspots, superimposed thermal niche conservatism. hiatus, Annular Mode index continued become increasingly positive likely through reduced feeding success larvae, led precipitous decline from main reproduction hotspot along southern Scotia Arc. cut replenishment northern portion stock, as evidenced declining density swarm frequency. Concomitantly, new, area developed after 1990s, reinforcing lack New spawning hotspots may provide stepping stones needed into polar regions, so planning climate-ready marine protected areas should include key future habitat.

Language: Английский

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Smart Oceans: Artificial intelligence and marine protected area governance

Earth System Governance, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13, P. 100141 - 100141

Published: June 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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The Voice of Science on Marine Biodiversity Negotiations: A Systematic Literature Review

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Dec. 23, 2020

Over one hundred governments are currently negotiating a new legally binding instrument for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ). The agreement is to address four broad themes: genetic resources (MGRs); area-based management tools (ABMTs), including protected (MPAs); environmental impact assessments (EIAs); capacity building transfer technology (CB&TT). Although large corpus scientific BBNJ literature exists, comprehensive overview critical analysis academic debate missing. This systematic review seeks fill this gap by examining main priority topics recommendations sample 140 multidisciplinary, geographically diverse publications. As an up-to-date summary analysis, it intended researchers from disciplines natural social sciences, policy-makers, practitioners. It untangles complex negotiations, highlights policy relevance existing work, facilitates links between science, policy, practice. presents made each package elements future treaty identifies overarching ocean connectivity, institutional design, role digital technology. paper two important gaps that need be addressed if we conserve biodiversity international waters: science-policy interfaces transformative change.

Language: Английский

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Pressing questions for science, policy, and governance in the high seas

Environmental Science & Policy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 139, P. 177 - 184

Published: Nov. 12, 2022

Language: Английский

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The Promise of Blue Carbon Climate Solutions: Where the Science Supports Ocean-Climate Policy

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: April 29, 2022

The ocean is gaining prominence in climate change policy circles as a tool for addressing the crisis. Blue carbon, carbon captured and stored by marine coastal ecosystems species, offers potential “nature-based solution” to change. protection restoration of specific can form part response within mitigation policies such Nationally Determined Contributions under United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. For that seek implement management actions drawdown ecosystem sequestration emissions must be measurable across temporal spatial scales, practical leading improved avoided emissions. However, some blue interventions may not suitable better suited other instruments those targeted toward biodiversity conservation. This paper gives context numerous pathways, quantifying their sequester from atmosphere, comparing these pathways point-source reductions. applicability then discussed terms multiple international frameworks, help individuals institutions utilize appropriate framework reach conservation goals.

Language: Английский

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Synthesizing connectivity information from migratory marine species for area-based management

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 283, P. 110142 - 110142

Published: May 31, 2023

Understanding the areas used by migratory marine animals and their movements is critical in supporting management decisions that target conservation. This especially important for long-lived species with large geographic extents are more vulnerable to multiple threats. We conducted a literature review on data collected 173 mammal, fish, sea turtle, seabird determined tracking animal telemetry methods was most effective tool demonstrating ecological connectivity. From references included review, we found turtles than other taxa, information all four taxa northern hemisphere. In addition, 30 % of presented process raw tracks, only 11 mentioned repository archiving data, there no significant trend number current conservation level. For case study (Atlantic bluefin tuna, humpback whale, loggerhead wandering albatross), published adults descriptions sites focused feeding breeding activities, while migration connectivity among were not well represented. Although reviewed, several knowledge gaps existed limitations within publications direct applications area-based management. provided recommendations address research guidance improve integration into decisions.

Language: Английский

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Applying environmental DNA approaches to inform marine biodiversity conservation: The case of the Ocean Twilight Zone

Marine Policy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 165, P. 106151 - 106151

Published: May 6, 2024

Effective governance of the global ocean under accelerating environmental and social changes depends on sufficient scientific knowledge that unravels complexity dynamic marine ecosystems. In case vast remote twilight zone (OTZ), management is particularly challenged by lack data. Traditional biodiversity monitoring methods are unable to scale efficiently or effectively address these gaps new technologies needed inform policy. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has quickly gained traction in recent years as an enabling technology for conservation will play a transformative role OTZ high seas general. Through comprehensive review science policy literature analysis existing data, we discuss importance OTZ, gaps, summarize developments eDNA research. We identify key components framework implications relevant Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Agreement. show integrated science-policy approach based transdisciplinary research essential achieving sustainability 30×30 target conserving biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Identifying Priorities for the Protection of Deep Mediterranean Sea Ecosystems Through an Integrated Approach

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: July 22, 2021

Benthic habitats of the deep Mediterranean Sea and biodiversity they host are increasingly jeopardized by increasing human pressures, both direct indirect, which encompass fisheries, chemical acoustic pollution, littering, oil gas exploration production marine infrastructures (i.e., cable pipeline laying), bioprospecting. To this, is added pervasive growing effects human-induced perturbations climate system. International frameworks provide foundations for protection deep-sea ecosystems, but lack standardized criteria identification areas deserving protection, insufficient legislative instruments poor implementation hinder an efficient set up in practical terms. Here, we discuss international legal management measures relation to status key species Basin. By comparing results a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) expert evaluation (EE), identify priority conservation select five designation future protected Sea. Our indicate that (1) with high ecological relevance (e.g., hosting endemic locally endangered rare habitats),(2) ensuring shelf-slope connectivity submarine canyons), (3) subject current foreseeable intense anthropogenic impacts, should be prioritized conservation. The presented here ecosystem-based strategy designating

Language: Английский

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