Progress and prospects of mRNA-based drugs in pre-clinical and clinical applications DOI Creative Commons
Yingying Shi,

Miaoyuan Shi,

Yì Wáng

et al.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Abstract In the last decade, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based drugs have gained great interest in both immunotherapy and non-immunogenic applications. This surge can be largely attributed to demonstration of distinct advantages offered by various mRNA molecules, alongside rapid advancements nucleic delivery systems. It is noteworthy that immunogenicity presents a double-edged sword. context immunotherapy, extra supplementation adjuvant generally required for induction robust immune responses. Conversely, non-immunotherapeutic scenarios, activation unwanted considering host tolerability high expression demand mRNA-encoded functional proteins. Herein, mainly focused on linear non-replicating mRNA, we overview preclinical clinical progress prospects medicines encompassing vaccines other therapeutics. We also highlight importance focusing host-specific variations, including age, gender, pathological condition, concurrent medication individual patient, maximized efficacy safety upon administration. Furthermore, deliberate potential challenges may encounter realm disease treatment, current endeavors improvement, as well application future advancements. Overall, this review aims present comprehensive understanding mRNA-based therapies while illuminating prospective development drugs.

Language: Английский

Risks of and risk factors for COVID-19 disease in people with diabetes: a cohort study of the total population of Scotland DOI Creative Commons
Stuart J. McGurnaghan, Amanda Weir,

Jen Bishop

et al.

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 82 - 93

Published: Dec. 24, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

318
A retrospective case-control study on menstrual cycle changes following COVID-19 vaccination and disease DOI Creative Commons
Alexandra Alvergne, Gabriella Kountourides,

M. Austin Argentieri

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 106401 - 106401

Published: March 15, 2023

There has been increasing public concern that COVID-19 vaccination causes menstrual disturbance regarding the relative effect of compared to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our objectives were test potential risk factors for reporting cycle changes following and compare parameters disease. We performed a secondary analysis retrospective online survey conducted in UK March 2021. In pre-menopausal vaccinated participants (n = 4,989), 18% reported after their first vaccine injection. The prevalence any was higher women who smoke, have history disease, or are not using estradiol-containing contraceptives. second sample including both unvaccinated 12,579), alone associated with abnormal parameters, while disease an increased heavier bleeding, "missed" periods, inter-menstrual bleeding.

Language: Английский

Citations

69
The conneXion between sex and immune responses DOI
Katherine S. Forsyth, Nikhil Jiwrajka, Claudia D. Lovell

et al.

Nature reviews. Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 487 - 502

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

65
Incidence of New-Onset Hypertension Post–COVID-19: Comparison With Influenza DOI
Vincent Zhang, Molly Fisher, Wei Hou

et al.

Hypertension, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 80(10), P. 2135 - 2148

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

SARS-CoV-2 may trigger new-onset persistent hypertension. This study investigated the incidence and risk factors associated with hypertension during COVID-19 hospitalization at ≈6-month follow-up compared influenza.This retrospective observational was conducted in a major academic health system New York City. Participants included 45 398 patients (March 2020 to August 2022) 13 864 influenza (January 2018 without history of hypertension.At 6-month follow-up, seen 20.6% hospitalized 10.85% nonhospitalized COVID-19. Persistent among did not vary across pandemic, whereas that decreased from 20% March ≈10% October (R2=0.79, P=0.003) then plateaued thereafter. Hospitalized were 2.23 ([95% CI, 1.48-3.54]; P<0.001) times 1.52 1.22-1.90]; P<0.01) more likely develop than counterparts. common older adults, males, Black, preexisting comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary artery chronic kidney disease), those who treated pressor corticosteroid medications. Mathematical models predicted 79% 86% accuracy. In addition, 21.0% no prior developed hospitalization.Incidence is higher influenza, constituting burden given sheer number Screening at-risk for following illness be warranted.

Language: Английский

Citations

55
Patterns and predictors of sick leave after Covid-19 and long Covid in a national Swedish cohort DOI Creative Commons
Emma Westerlind, Annie Palstam, Katharina S. Sunnerhagen

et al.

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: May 31, 2021

Abstract Background The impact of Covid-19 and its long-term consequences is not yet fully understood. Sick leave can be seen as an indicator health in a working age population, the present study aimed to investigate sick-leave patterns after Covid-19, potential factors predicting longer sick hospitalised non-hospitalised people with Covid-19. Methods comprehensive national registry-based Sweden 4-month follow-up. All who started receive sickness benefits for during March 1 August 31, 2020, were included. Predictors ≥1 month long Covid (≥12 weeks) analysed logistic regression total population separate models depending on inpatient care due Results A 11,955 within inclusion period. median was 35 days, 13.3% Covid, 9.0% remained whole follow-up There 2960 received which strongest predictor leave. year prior older also predicted No clear pattern socioeconomic noted. Conclusions substantial number are may protracted, quite common. severity (needing care), leave, all seem predict likelihood However, no factor could clearly indicating complexity this condition. group needing seems heterogeneous, knowledge gap.

Language: Английский

Citations

101
COVID-19: Understanding Inter-Individual Variability and Implications for Precision Medicine DOI Open Access
Naveen L. Pereira, Ferhaan Ahmad, Mirnela Byku

et al.

Mayo Clinic Proceedings, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 96(2), P. 446 - 463

Published: Dec. 3, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

84
COVID-19 vaccination and menstrual cycle changes: A United Kingdom (UK) retrospective case-control study DOI Creative Commons
Alexandra Alvergne, Gabriella Kountourides, M. Austin Argentieri

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 23, 2021

Abstract Background There has been increasing public concern that COVID-19 vaccines cause menstrual cycle disturbances, yet there is currently limited data to evaluate the impact of vaccination on health. Our objectives were (1) prevalence changes following against COVID-19, (2) test potential risk factors for any such changes, and (3) identify patterns symptoms in participants’ written accounts. Methods We performed a secondary analysis retrospective online survey titled “The Covid-19 Pandemic Women’s Reproductive Health”, conducted March 2021 UK before widespread media attention regarding impacts SARS-CoV-2 menstruation. Participants recruited via Facebook ad campaign eligibility criteria completion age greater than 18 years, having ever menstruated living UK. In total, 26,710 people gave consent completed survey. For this we selected 4,989 participants who pre-menopausal vaccinated. These aged 28 43, predominantly from England (81%), white background (95%) not using hormonal contraception (58%). Findings Among vaccinated individuals (n=4,989), 80% did report up 4 months after their first vaccine injection. Current use combined oral contraceptives was associated with lower odds reporting by 48% (OR = 0.52, 95CI [0.34 0.78], P <0.001). Odds increased 44% current smokers 1.44, [1.07 1.94], <0.01) more 50% positive COVID status [Long Covid 1.61, [1.28 2.02], <0.001), acute 1.54, [1.27 1.86], <0.001)]. The effects remain adjusting self-reported magnitude over year preceding Written accounts diverse symptoms; most common words include “cramps”, “late”, “early”, “spotting”, “heavy” “irregular”, low level clustering among them. Conclusions Following disturbance occurred 20% sample. Out 33 variables investigated, smoking previous history infection found be while oestradiol-containing protective factor. Diverse experiences reported, bleeding cessation heavy bleeding.

Language: Английский

Citations

78
Sex and gender differences in COVID-19: More to be learned! DOI Creative Commons
Lina Ya’qoub, Islam Y. Elgendy, Carl J. Pepine

et al.

American Heart Journal Plus Cardiology Research and Practice, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3, P. 100011 - 100011

Published: March 1, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions of patients across the globe. Multiple studies, national and international governmental data have shown important sex gender differences in incidence outcomes with COVID-19. These are not only attributed to age comorbid conditions but likely a combination factors, including hormonal differences, immune response, inflammatory markers behavioral attitudes, among others. In this review, we discuss studies addressing sex- gender-specific infections focus on potential pathophysiological mechanisms these differences.

Language: Английский

Citations

63
Sex Differences on Clinical Characteristics, Severity, and Mortality in Adult Patients With COVID-19: A Multicentre Retrospective Study DOI Creative Commons

Jing Sha,

Guoqiang Qie,

Qingchun Yao

et al.

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Feb. 12, 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) epidemic is spreading globally. Sex differences in the severity and mortality of COVID-19 emerged. This study aims to describe impact sex on outcomes COVOD-19 with a special focus effect estrogen. Methods: We performed retrospective cohort which included 413 patients (230 males 183 females) from three designated hospitals China follow up time January 31, 2020, April 17, 2020. Women over 55 were considered as postmenopausal according previous epidemiological data China. The interaction between age in-hospital was determined through Cox regression analysis. In addition, multivariate models explore risk factors associated COVID-19. Results: Age had significant for ( P &lt; 0.001). Multivariate showed that (HR 1.041, 95% CI 1.009–1.073, = 0.012), male 2.033, 1.007–2.098, 0.010), 1.118, 1.003–1.232, 0.018), comorbidities 9.845, 2.280–42.520, 0.002) independently patients. this multicentre study, female experienced lower fatality than (4.4 vs. 10.0%, 0.031). Interestingly, stratification by group revealed no difference noted women under compared (3.8 5.2%, 0.144), well same men 4.0%, 0.918). However, there significantly (5.2 21.0%, 0.007). Compared patients, higher lymphocyte 0.001) high-density lipoprotein 0.001), high sensitive c reaction protein level incidence rate acute cardiac injury (6.6 13.5%, 0.022). Conclusion: Male an independent factor mortality. Although male, it might not be directly related Further warranted identify mechanisms involved.

Language: Английский

Citations

56
Risk factors for developing severe COVID-19 in China: an analysis of disease surveillance data DOI Creative Commons

Mengjie Geng,

Liping Wang, Xiang Ren

et al.

Infectious Diseases of Poverty, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: April 12, 2021

Abstract Background COVID-19 has posed an enormous threat to public health around the world. Some severe and critical cases have bad prognoses high case fatality rates, unraveling risk factors for are of significance predicting preventing illness progression, reducing rates. Our study focused on analyzing characteristics exploring developing COVID-19. Methods The data this was disease surveillance symptomatic reported from 30 provinces in China between January 19 March 9, 2020, which included demographics, dates symptom onset, clinical manifestations at time diagnosis, laboratory findings, radiographic underlying history, exposure history. We grouped mild moderate together as non-severe categorized cases. compared explored severity. Results total number were 12 647 with age less than 1 year old 99 years old. 1662 (13.1%), median 57 [Inter-quartile range(IQR): 46–68] 43 (IQR: 32–54). being male [adjusted odds ratio (a OR ) = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.2–1.5]; fever 2.3, 2.0–2.7), cough 1.4, 1.2–1.6), fatigue 1.2–1.5), chronic kidney 2.5, 1.4–4.6), hypertension 1.5, 1.2–1.8) diabetes 1.96, 1.6–2.4). With increase age, severity gradually higher [20–39 3.9, 1.8–8.4), 40–59 7.6, 3.6–16.3), ≥ 60 20.4, 9.5–43.7)], longer symtem onset diagnosis [3–5 days 1.2–1.7), 6–8 1.8, 1.5–2.1), 9 days(a 1.9, 1.6–2.3)]. Conclusions showed large sample size, male, older fever, cough, fatigue, delayed hypertension, diabetes, diasease. Based these factors, can be predicted. So should paid more attention prevent

Language: Английский

Citations

56