The origin and evolution of cell types

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 17(12), P. 744 - 757

Published: Nov. 7, 2016

Language: Английский

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Physiological and molecular determinants of embryo implantation

Molecular Aspects of Medicine, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 34(5), P. 939 - 980

Published: Jan. 2, 2013

Language: Английский

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Decidualization of the human endometrium

Reproductive Medicine and Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 220 - 227

Published: Feb. 1, 2018

Abstract Background Decidualization of the human endometrium, which involves a dramatic morphological and functional differentiation endometrial stromal cells ( ESC s), is essential for establishment successful pregnancy. results from complex interplay transcription factors, morphogens, cytokines, cell cycle regulators, signaling pathways. Methods Based on literature review, regulation of, molecular mechanisms involved in, decidualization endometrium are described. Main findings Progesterone, together with proteins that regulated by progesterone and/or cyclic adenosine monophosphate, including homeobox A10, forkhead box O1, signal transducers activators transcription, heart neural crest derivatives expressed transcript 2, forms critical network prerequisite to implantation. Decidualized s contribute microenvironment at feto–maternal interface its direct or indirect influence extracellular matrix remodeling, local immune response, anti‐oxidative stress, angiogenesis (vascular maturation). Impairment this process associated variety pregnancy disorders, infertility, recurrent miscarriages, uteroplacental disorders. Conclusion A deeper understanding expected provide new insights into fields reproductive biology medicine.

Language: Английский

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Human placental trophoblast invasion and differentiation: a particular focus on Wnt signaling

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Jan. 1, 2013

Wingless ligands, a family of secreted proteins, are critically involved in organ development and tissue homeostasis by ensuring balanced rates stem cell proliferation, death differentiation. Wnt signalling components also play crucial roles murine placental controlling trophoblast lineage determination, chorioallantoic fusion branching morphogenesis. However, the role pathway human placentation, differentiation is only partly understood. Here, we summarize our present knowledge about placenta discuss its potential physiological aberrant invasion, gestational diseases choriocarcinoma formation. Differentiation proliferative first trimester cytotrophoblasts into invasive extravillous trophoblasts associated with nuclear recruitment β-catenin induction Wnt-dependent T-cell factor 4 suggesting that canonical could be important for formation function trophoblasts. Indeed, activation was shown to promote invasion different vitro model systems as well fusion. Methylation-mediated silencing inhibitors provided evidence epigenetic tissues cells. Similarly, abundant expression complete hydatidiform moles suggested hyper-activated signalling. In contrast, upregulation noticed placentae women preeclampsia, disease characterized shallow incomplete spiral artery remodelling. Moreover, changes have been observed upon cytomegalovirus infection recurrent abortions. summary, current literature suggests critical abnormal function.

Language: Английский

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Physiology and Pathophysiology of Steroid Biosynthesis, Transport and Metabolism in the Human Placenta

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Sept. 12, 2018

The steroid hormones progestagens, estrogens, androgens and glucocorticoids as well their precursor cholesterol are required for successful establishment maintenance of pregnancy proper development the fetus. human placenta forms at interface maternal fetal circulation. It participates in biosynthesis metabolism steroids regulated exchange between compartment. This review outlines mechanisms placental handling compounds. Cholesterol is transported from mother to offspring involving lipoprotein receptors such low-density receptor (LDLR) scavenger class B type I (SRB1) ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-transporters, ABCA1 ABCG1. Additionally, also a progesterone estrogen synthesis. Hormone synthesis predominantly performed by members cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzyme family including CYP11A1 or CYP19A1 hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSD) 3β-HSD 17β-HSD. Placental requires delivery sulfate-conjugated molecules serum. uptake these precursors mediated solute carrier (SLC) sodium-dependent organic anion transporter (SOAT), 4 (OAT4), transporting polypeptide 2B1 (OATP2B1). Maternal-fetal glucocorticoid transport has be tightly order ensure healthy growth development. For that purpose, expresses enzymes 11β-HSD 1 2 ABCB1. article summarizes impact diverse compounds diseases on expression level activity involved transporters, receptors, metabolizing concludes regulatory changing physiological pathophysiological state barely explored. structure cellular composition barrier introduced. While production, syncytiotrophoblast have been explored decades, few information available role placental-fetal endothelial cells processes. With regard function, significant differences exist species. To further decipher physiologic pathways pathologic alterations handling, model systems mandatory.

Language: Английский

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Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis Predicts an Epigenetic Switch for GATA Factor Expression in Endometriosis

PLoS Genetics, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. e1004158 - e1004158

Published: March 6, 2014

Endometriosis is a gynecological disease defined by the extrauterine growth of endometrial-like cells that cause chronic pain and infertility. The limited to primates exhibit spontaneous decidualization, diseased are characterized significant defects in steroid-dependent genetic pathways typify this process. Altered DNA methylation may underlie these defects, but few regions with differential have been implicated disease. We mapped genome-wide differences between healthy human endometrial endometriotic stromal correlated gene expression using an interaction analysis strategy. identified 42,248 differentially methylated CpGs endometriosis compared cells. These extensive were not unidirectional, focused intragenically at sites distal classic CpG islands where status was typically negatively expression. Significant 403 genes, which included disproportionally large number transcription factors. Furthermore, many genes pathology decidualization. Our results tremendously improve scope resolution affecting HOX clusters, nuclear receptor intriguingly GATA family Functional revealed GATA2 regulates key necessary for hormone-driven differentiation cells, hypermethylated repressed GATA6, hypomethylated abundant potently blocked hormone sensitivity, GATA2, induced markers when expressed unique epigenetic fingerprint suggests integral component disease, identifies novel role as regulators uterine physiology–aberrant correlates shift isoform facilitates progesterone resistance progression.

Language: Английский

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A Role for Glucocorticoids in Stress-Impaired Reproduction: Beyond the Hypothalamus and Pituitary

Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 154(12), P. 4450 - 4468

Published: Sept. 25, 2013

In addition to the well-characterized role of sex steroid receptors in regulating fertility and reproduction, reproductive events are also mediated by hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response an individual's environment. Glucocorticoid secretion stress contributes suppression hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal through central actions hypothalamus pituitary. However, both animal vitro studies indicate that other components system regulated glucocorticoids. Furthermore, absence stress, it appears homeostatic glucocorticoid signaling plays a significant reproduction all tissues comprising axis. Indeed, as regulators immune response, glucocorticoids uniquely poised integrate infectious, inflammatory, nutritional, metabolic status receptor target tissues. Endocrine between those determining provides evolutionary advantage, facilitating trade-off investment offspring fitness. This review focuses on important for highlighting recent show throughout characterizing these effects permissive or inhibitory terms success.

Language: Английский

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Progesterone action in breast, uterine, and ovarian cancers

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 54(2), P. R31 - R53

Published: Jan. 13, 2015

Progesterone and progesterone receptors (PRs) are essential for the development cyclical regulation of hormone-responsive tissues including breast reproductive tract. Altered functions PR isoforms contribute to pathogenesis tumors that arise in these tissues. In breast, acts concert with estrogen promote proliferative pro-survival gene programs. sharp contrast, inhibits estrogen-driven growth uterus protects ovary from neoplastic transformation. Progesterone-dependent actions associated biology diverse mediated by two isoforms, PR-A PR-B. These subject altered transcriptional activity or expression levels, differential crosstalk factor signaling pathways, distinct post-translational modifications cofactor-binding partners. Herein, we summarize discuss recent literature focused on isoform-specific uterine, ovarian cancers. Understanding complexity context-dependent is critical developing new models will allow us advance our knowledge base goal revealing novel efficacious therapeutic regimens diseases.

Language: Английский

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VEGF‐A regulated by progesterone governs uterine angiogenesis and vascular remodelling during pregnancy

EMBO Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 5(9), P. 1415 - 1430

Published: July 12, 2013

The features and regulation of uterine angiogenesis vascular remodelling during pregnancy are poorly defined. Here we show that dynamic variable decidual (sprouting, intussusception networking), active vigorous such as enlargement elongation ‘vascular sinus folding’ (VSF) mural cell drop‐out occur distinctly in a spatiotemporal manner the rapidly growing mouse uterus early — just after implantation but before placentation. Decidual is mainly regulated through VEGF‐A secreted from progesterone receptor (PR)‐expressing stromal cells which largely distributed anti‐mesometrial region (AMR). In comparison, P 4 ‐PR‐regulated VEGF‐A‐VEGFR2 signalling, ligand‐independent VEGFR3 signalling natural killer (uNK) positively coordinately regulate VSF. During postpartum period, Tie2 could be involved maturation at endometrium manner, with marked reduction VEGF‐A, VEGFR2 PR expressions. Overall, two key growth factor receptors strikingly differentially regressing uteri an organotypic manner.

Language: Английский

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Uterine glands: biological roles in conceptus implantation, uterine receptivity and decidualization

The International Journal of Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 58(2-3-4), P. 107 - 116

Published: Jan. 1, 2014

All mammalian uteri contain glands in the endometrium that synthesize or transport and secrete substances essential for survival development of conceptus (embryo/fetus associated extraembryonic membranes). This review summarizes information related to biological roles uterine their secretions receptivity, blastocyst/conceptus implantation, stromal cell decidualization. Studies with ovine gland knockout (UGKO) model support a primary role and, by inference, present luminal fluid histrotroph development. In rodents, studies mutant progesterone-induced UGKO mice found are unequivocally required establishment receptivity blastocyst implantation also may influence trophectoderm activation decidualization uterus. Similarly humans, histotroph from appears critical nutrition during first trimester likely have An increased understanding biology is important diagnosis, prevention treatment fertility problems, particularly infertility recurrent pregnancy loss, domestic animals humans.

Language: Английский

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