PLoS ONE,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
19(12), P. e0312016 - e0312016
Published: Dec. 5, 2024
Diabetic
retinopathy
(DR)
is
a
prominent
reason
of
blindness
globally,
which
diagnostically
challenging
disease
owing
to
the
intricate
process
its
development
and
human
eye’s
complexity,
consists
nearly
forty
connected
components
like
retina,
iris,
optic
nerve,
so
on.
This
study
proposes
novel
approach
identification
DR
employing
methods
such
as
synthetic
data
generation,
K-
Means
Clustering-Based
Binary
Grey
Wolf
Optimizer
(KCBGWO),
Fully
Convolutional
Encoder-Decoder
Networks
(FCEDN).
achieved
using
Generative
Adversarial
(GANs)
generate
high-quality
transfer
learning
for
accurate
feature
extraction
classification,
integrating
these
with
Extreme
Learning
Machines
(ELM).
The
substantial
evaluation
plan
we
have
provided
on
IDRiD
dataset
gives
exceptional
outcomes,
where
our
proposed
model
99.87%
accuracy
99.33%
sensitivity,
while
specificity
99.
78%.
why
outcomes
presented
can
be
viewed
promising
in
terms
further
diagnosis,
well
creating
new
reference
point
within
framework
medical
image
analysis
providing
more
effective
timely
treatments.
Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 10, 2025
Abstract
Recently,
research
on
blockchain
applications
in
the
healthcare
domain
has
attracted
increasing
attention
due
to
its
strong
potential.
However,
existing
literature
reveals
limited
studies
defining
use
cases
of
clinical
research,
categorizing
and
comparing
available
studies.
Therefore,
this
study
aims
explore
significant
potential
through
a
comprehensive
systematic
review
(SLR).
To
thoroughly
investigate
all
aspects
subject,
we
analyzed
primary
based
questions
(RQs)
developed
unified
conceptual
model
using
step-based
creation
.
Studies
from
2015
2023
were
reviewed,
34
comprehensively
by
PICO
template.
In
our
findings,
privacy
emerged
as
most
frequently
cited
requirement
research.
The
mentioned
for
are
ensuring
data
immutability
security
A
issue
identified
beyond
common
limitations
capacity
scalability
is
lack
standards
compliance
with
legal
frameworks
like
GDPR
HIPAA.
After
these
efforts,
model,
which,
best
knowledge,
first
support
software
developers
researchers
developing
blockchain-based
platforms
efficiently.
Graphical
abstract
PLoS ONE,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
20(3), P. e0314111 - e0314111
Published: March 21, 2025
Glaucoma
is
the
leading
cause
of
irreversible
vision
impairment,
emphasizing
critical
need
for
early
detection.
Typically,
AI-based
glaucoma
screening
relies
on
fundus
imaging.
To
tackle
resource
and
time
challenges
in
with
convolutional
neural
network
(CNN),
we
chose
Data-efficient
image
Transformers
(DeiT),
a
transformer,
known
its
reduced
computational
demands,
preprocessing
decreased
by
factor
10.
Our
approach
utilized
meticulously
annotated
GlauCUTU-DATA
dataset,
curated
ophthalmologists
through
consensus,
encompassing
both
unanimous
agreement
(3/3)
majority
(2/3)
data.
However,
DeiT’s
performance
was
initially
lower
than
CNN.
Therefore,
introduced
“pie
method,"
an
augmentation
method
aligned
ISNT
rule.
Along
employing
polar
transformation
to
improved
cup
region
visibility
alignment
transformer’s
input
elevated
levels.
The
classification
results
demonstrated
improvements
comparable
Using
3/3
data,
excluding
superior
nasal
regions,
especially
suspects,
sensitivity
increased
40.18%
from
47.06%
88.24%.
average
area
under
curve
(AUC)
±
standard
deviation
(SD)
glaucoma,
no
were
92.63
4.39%,
92.35
92.32
1.45%,
respectively.
With
2/3
temporal
diagnosing
11.36%
47.73%
59.09%.
AUC
SD
68.22
4.45%,
68.23
73.09
3.05%,
For
datasets,
values
84.53%,
84.54%,
91.05%,
respectively,
which
CNN
model
that
achieved
84.70%,
84.69%,
93.19%,
Moreover,
incorporation
attention
maps
DeiT
facilitated
precise
localization
clinically
significant
areas,
such
as
disc
rim
notching,
thereby
enhancing
overall
effectiveness
screening.
Journal of Advanced Transportation,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
2025(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
The
study
presents
a
novel
hybrid
gray
wolf
and
whale
optimization
algorithm
(hGWOAM)
for
the
capacitated
vehicle
routing
problem
(CVRP).
By
integrating
enhanced
(EWOA)
optimizer
(GWO)
with
tournament
selection,
opposition‐based
learning,
mutation
techniques,
hGWOAM
enhances
efficiency
under
capacity
constraints.
Computational
evaluations
demonstrate
its
superior
performance,
achieving
lower
percentage
deviations
(%dev)
compared
to
existing
algorithms
across
multiple
case
studies
real‐world
applications.
In
Case
Study
1,
achieved
mean
deviation
than
EWOA
(0.89%),
GWO
(0.74%),
SCA
(0.59%),
DA
(1.63%),
ALO
(2.26%),
MHPSO
(1.85%),
PSO
(1.96%),
DPGA
(2.85%),
SGA
(4.14%).
2,
outperformed
(12.05%),
(2.53%),
(21.07%),
(17.58%).
application,
it
best
%dev,
surpassing
(6.64%),
(6.34%),
(9.01%),
(12.24%).
These
findings
highlight
hGWOAM’s
potential
optimizing
logistics,
reducing
operational
costs,
minimizing
environmental
impact
while
also
paving
way
future
advancements
in
metaheuristic
optimization.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Jan. 24, 2025
Abstract
Fundus
imaging,
a
technique
for
recording
retinal
structural
components
and
anomalies,
is
essential
observing
identifying
ophthalmological
diseases.
Disorders
such
as
hypertension,
glaucoma,
diabetic
retinopathy
are
indicated
by
alterations
in
the
optic
disc,
blood
vessels,
fovea,
macula.
Patients
frequently
deal
with
various
conditions
either
one
or
both
eyes.
In
this
article,
we
have
used
different
deep
learning
models
categorisation
of
disorders
into
multiple
classes
labels
utilising
transfer
learning-based
convolutional
neural
network
(CNN)
methods.
The
Ocular
Disease
Intelligent
Recognition
(ODIR)
database
experiments,
it
contains
fundus
images
patient’s
left
right
We
compared
performance
two
optimisers,
Stochastic
Gradient
Descent
(SGD)
Adam,
separately.
best
result
was
achieved
using
MobileNet
model
Adam
optimiser,
yielding
testing
accuracy
89.64%.
Computer Methods in Biomechanics & Biomedical Engineering,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 22
Published: April 26, 2025
DNA
micro-array
technology
has
a
remarkable
impact
on
biological
research,
particularly
in
categorizing
and
diagnosing
cancer
studying
gene
features
functions.
With
the
availability
of
extensive
collections
cancer-related
data,
there
been
an
increased
focus
developing
optimized
Machine
Learning
(ML)
techniques
for
classification
through
pattern
analysis
identification
specific
genes
type
categorization.
The
relevant
selection
treating
poses
significant
challenge,
which
requires
efficient
feature
methods.
This
study
introduces
novel
hybrid
algorithm,
selection,
integrating
Grey
Wolf
Optimizer
(GWO),
Strength
Pareto
Evolutionary
Algorithm
2
(SPEA2),
Artificial
Bee
Colony
(ABC).
combination
uses
intelligence
evolutionary
computation
to
enhance
solution
diversity,
convergence
efficiency,
exploration
exploitation
capabilities
high-dimensional
expression
data.
algorithm
was
compared
with
five
bio-inspired
algorithms
using
different
classifiers
various
datasets
validate
its
effectiveness
selection.
HybridGWOSPEA2ABC
demonstrated
superior
performance
identifying
biomarkers
conventional
algorithms.
Comparison
benchmark
shown
approach's
enhanced
capability
addressing
challenges
data
advancing
problem
classification.
hybridization
enhances
by
maintaining
efficiently
converging
optimal
solutions,
improving
search
space.
provides
better
understanding
promotes
effective
methodologies
disease
detection